Crypt::Age

Perl implementation of the age encryption format.

Synopsis

use Crypt::Age;

# Generate a keypair
my ($public_key, $secret_key) = Crypt::Age->generate_keypair();
# $public_key = "age1ql3z7hjy54pw3hyww5ayyfg7zqgvc7w3j2elw8zmrj2kg5sfn9aqmcac8p"
# $secret_key = "AGE-SECRET-KEY-1QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ3290DG"

# Encrypt data
my $encrypted = Crypt::Age->encrypt(
    plaintext  => "Hello, World!",
    recipients => [$public_key],
);

# Decrypt data
my $decrypted = Crypt::Age->decrypt(
    ciphertext => $encrypted,
    identities => [$secret_key],
);

# Encrypt a file
Crypt::Age->encrypt_file(
    input      => 'secret.txt',
    output     => 'secret.txt.age',
    recipients => [$public_key],
);

# Decrypt a file
Crypt::Age->decrypt_file(
    input      => 'secret.txt.age',
    output     => 'secret.txt',
    identities => [$secret_key],
);

Description

age is a simple, modern and secure file encryption tool with small explicit keys, no config options, and UNIX-style composability.

This module provides a pure Perl implementation of the age encryption format, fully compatible with:

• age - The reference Go implementation
• rage - A Rust implementation

Files encrypted with Crypt::Age can be decrypted with these tools and vice versa.

Features

• X25519 key exchange for secure key agreement
• ChaCha20-Poly1305 AEAD for authenticated encryption
• HKDF-SHA256 for key derivation
• Bech32 key encoding (age1.../AGE-SECRET-KEY-1...)
• Multiple recipients support
• Binary-safe encryption
• Streaming encryption for large files (64KB chunks)

Key Format

Public Keys

Public keys are Bech32-encoded with the human-readable part age:

age1ql3z7hjy54pw3hyww5ayyfg7zqgvc7w3j2elw8zmrj2kg5sfn9aqmcac8p

Secret Keys

Secret keys are uppercase Bech32-encoded with the human-readable part AGE-SECRET-KEY-:

AGE-SECRET-KEY-1QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ3290DG

Installation

cpanm Crypt::Age

Or manually:

perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install

Dependencies

• CryptX - Provides X25519, ChaCha20-Poly1305, HKDF, and HMAC
• Moo - Object system

Testing

# Run all tests
prove -l t/

# Verbose output
prove -lv t/

# Run specific test
prove -lv t/02-encrypt-decrypt.t

If you have age or rage installed, interoperability tests will also run:

# Install age (on macOS)
brew install age

# Install rage (via cargo)
cargo install rage

Specification

This implementation follows the age specification.

File Format

An age-encrypted file consists of:

1. Header (text) - Version, recipient stanzas, and MAC
2. Payload (binary) - ChaCha20-Poly1305 encrypted content in 64KB chunks

age-encryption.org/v1
-> X25519 <ephemeral-public-key-base64>
<wrapped-file-key-base64>
--- <header-mac-base64>
<binary encrypted payload>

Cryptographic Primitives

| Primitive | Purpose | |-----------|---------| | X25519 | Key exchange between sender and recipient | | ChaCha20-Poly1305 | Authenticated encryption of file key and payload | | HKDF-SHA256 | Key derivation for wrap key, payload key, and MAC key | | HMAC-SHA256 | Header authentication |

Current Limitations

• Only X25519 recipients are supported (no passphrase or SSH keys yet)
• No armored (PEM-like) output format
• No plugin support

See Also

• age-encryption.org - Official age homepage
• age specification - Format specification
• filippo.io/age - Go implementation docs

Author

Torsten Raudssus torsten@raudssus.de

License

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.