The London Perl and Raku Workshop takes place on 26th Oct 2024. If your company depends on Perl, please consider sponsoring and/or attending.
 / 
Blosxom-Header-0.04003
/ Blosxom::Header

NAME

Blosxom::Header - Missing interface to modify HTTP headers

SYNOPSIS

  use Blosxom::Header;

  my $header = Blosxom::Header->instance;

  $header->set(
      Status        => '304 Not Modified',
      Last_Modified => 'Wed, 23 Sep 2009 13:36:33 GMT',
  );

  my $status  = $header->get( 'Status' );
  my $bool    = $header->exists( 'ETag' );
  my @deleted = $header->delete( qw/Content-Disposition Content-Length/ );

  $header->push_cookie( @cookies );
  $header->push_p3p( @p3p );

  $header->clear;

DESCRIPTION

Blosxom, an weblog application, globalizes $header which is a reference to a hash. This application passes $header to CGI::header() to generate HTTP headers.

  package blosxom;
  use CGI;
  our $header = { -type => 'text/html' };
  # Loads plugins
  print CGI::header( $header );

header() doesn't care whether keys of $header are lowecased nor starting with a dash, and also transliterates underscores into dashes in field names.

HOW THIS MODULE NORMALIZES FIELD NAMES

To specify field names consistently, we need to normalize them. If you follow one of normalization rules, you can modify $header consistently. This module normalizes field names as follows.

Remember how Blosxom initializes $header:

  $header = { -type => 'text/html' };

A key '-type' is starting with a dash and lowercased, and so this module follows the same rules:

  'Status'  # not normalized
  'status'  # not normalized
  '-status' # normalized

How about 'Content-Length'? It contains a dash. To avoid quoting when specifying hash keys, this module transliterates dashes into underscores in field names:

  'Content-Length'  # not normalized
  '-content-length' # not normalized
  '-content_length' # normalized

If you follow the above normalization rule, you can modify $header directly. In other words, this module is compatible with the way modifying $header directly when you follow the above rule.

METHODS

$header = Blosxom::Header->instance

Returns a current Blosxom::Header object instance or create a new one.

$header->set( $field => $value )
$header->set( $f1 => $v1, $f2 => $v2, ... )

Sets the value of one or more header fields. Accepts a list of named arguments. The header field name ($field) isn't case-sensitive. You can use '_' as a replacement for '-' in header names.

The $value argument must be a plain string, except for when the Set-Cookie or P3P header is specified. In exceptional cases, $value may be a reference to an array.

  $header->set( Set_Cookie => [ $cookie1, $cookie2 ] );
  $header->set( P3P => [ qw/CAO DSP LAW CURa/ ] );
$value = $header->get( $field )
@values = $header->get( $field )

Returns a value of the specified HTTP header. In list context, a list of scalars is returned.

  my @cookie = $header->get( 'Set-Cookie' );
  my @p3p    = $header->get( 'P3P' );
$bool = $header->exists( $field )

Returns a Boolean value telling whether the specified HTTP header exists.

@deleted = $header->delete( @fields )

Deletes the specified elements from HTTP headers. Returns values of deleted elements.

$header->push_cookie( @cookies )

Pushes the Set-Cookie headers onto HTTP headers. Returns the number of the elements following the completed push_cookie().

$header->push_p3p( @p3p )
  $header->push_p3p( qw/foo bar/ );
$header->clear

This will remove all header fields.

CONVENIENCE METHODS

These methods can both be used to get() and set() the value of a header. The header value is set if you pass an argument to the method. If the given header didn't exists then undef is returned.

$header->attachment

Can be used to turn the page into an attachment. Represents suggested name for the saved file.

  $header->attachment( 'foo.png' );

In this case, the outgoing header will be formatted as:

  Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="foo.png"
$header->charset

Represents the character set sent to the browser. If not provided, defaults to ISO-8859-1.

  $header->charset( 'utf-8' );

NOTE: If $header->type() contains 'charset', this attribute will be ignored.

$header->cookie

Represents the Set-Cookie headers. The parameter can be an array or a string.

  $header->cookie( 'foo', 'bar' );
  $header->cookie( 'baz' );
$header->expires

The Expires header gives the date and time after which the entity should be considered stale. You can specify an absolute or relative expiration interval. The following forms are all valid for this field:

  $header->expires( '+30s' ); # 30 seconds from now
  $header->expires( '+10m' ); # ten minutes from now
  $header->expires( '+1h'  ); # one hour from now
  $header->expires( '-1d'  ); # yesterday
  $header->expires( 'now'  ); # immediately
  $header->expires( '+3M'  ); # in three months
  $header->expires( '+10y' ); # in ten years time

  # at the indicated time & date
  $header->expires( 'Thu, 25 Apr 1999 00:40:33 GMT' );
$header->nph

If set to a true value, will issue the correct headers to work with a NPH (no-parse-header) script:

  $header->nph( 1 );
$header->p3p

Will add a P3P tag to the outgoing header. The parameter can be an array or a space-delimited string.

  $header->p3p( qw/CAO DSP LAW CURa/ );
  $header->p3p( 'CAO DSP LAW CURa' );

In either case, the outgoing header will be formatted as:

  P3P: policyref="/w3c/p3p.xml" CP="CAO DSP LAW CURa"
$header->status

Represents HTTP status code.

  $header->status(304);

Don't pass a string which contains reason phrases:

  $header->status( '304 Not Modified' ); # Obsolete
$header->target

Represents the Window-Target header.

  $header->target( 'ResultsWindow' );
$header->type

The Content-Type header indicates the media type of the message content. If not defined, defaults to 'text/html'.

  $header->type( 'text/plain' );

NOTE: If $header->type isn't defined, CGI::header() will add the default value. If you don't want to output the Content-Type header itself, you have to set to an empty string:

  $header->type( q{} );

DEPENDENCIES

Blosxom 2.0.0 or higher.

SEE ALSO

CGI, Class::Singleton, perltie

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Blosxom was written by Rael Dornfest. The Blosxom Development Team succeeded the maintenance.

AUTHOR

Ryo Anazawa (anazawa@cpan.org)

LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT

Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Ryo Anazawa. All rights reserved.

This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. See perlartistic.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.