NAME

Bio::Tools::SeqPattern.pm - Bioperl object for a sequence pattern or motif

SYNOPSIS

Object Creation

use Bio::Tools::SeqPattern ();

$pat1     = 'T[GA]AA...TAAT';
$pattern1 = new Bio::Tools::SeqPattern(-SEQ =>$pattern, -TYPE =>'Dna'); 

$pat2     = '[VILM]R(GXX){3,2}...[^PG]';
$pattern2 = new Bio::Tools::SeqPattern(-SEQ =>$pattern, -TYPE =>'Amino');

DESCRIPTION

The Bio::Tools::SeqPattern.pm module encapsulates generic data and methods for manipulating regular expressions describing nucleic or amino acid sequence patterns (a.k.a, "motifs").

Bio::Tools::SeqPattern.pm is a concrete class that inherits from Bio::Seq.pm.

This class grew out of a need to have a standard module for doing routine tasks with sequence patterns such as:

-- Forming a reverse-complement version of a nucleotide sequence pattern
-- Expanding patterns containing ambiguity codes
-- Checking for invalid regexp characters
-- Untainting yet preserving special characters in the pattern

Other features to look for in the future:

-- Full pattern syntax checking
-- Conversion between expanded and ondensed forms of the pattern

MOTIVATIONS

A key motivation for Bio::Tools::SeqPattern.pm is to have a way to generate a reverse complement of a nucleotide sequence pattern. This makes possible simultaneous pattern matching on both sense and anti-sense strands of a query sequence.

In principle, one could do such a search more inefficiently by testing against both sense and anti-sense versions of a sequence. It is entirely equivalent to test a regexp containing both sense and anti-sense versions of the *pattern* against one copy of the sequence. The latter approach is much more efficient since:

1) You need only one copy of the sequence.
2) Only one regexp is executed.
3) Regexp patterns are typically much smaller than sequences.

Patterns can be quite complex and it is often difficult to generate the reverse complement pattern. The Bioperl SeqPattern.pm addresses this problem, providing a convenient set of tools for working with biological sequence regular expressions.

Not all patterns have been tested. If you discover a pattern that is not handled properly by Bio::Tools::SeqPattern.pm, please send me some email (sac@bioperl.org). Thanks.

OTHER FEATURES

Extended Alphabet Support

This module supports the same set of ambiguity codes for nucleotide sequences as supported by Bio::Seq.pm. These ambiguity codes define the behavior or the expand() method.

------------------------------------------
Symbol       Meaning      Nucleic Acid
------------------------------------------
 A            A           Adenine
 C            C           Cytosine
 G            G           Guanine
 T            T           Thymine
 U            U           Uracil
 M          A or C  
 R          A or G        Any purine
 W          A or T    
 S          C or G     
 Y          C or T        Any pyrimidine
 K          G or T     
 V        A or C or G  
 H        A or C or T  
 D        A or G or T  
 B        C or G or T   
 X      G or A or T or C 
 N      G or A or T or C 
 .      G or A or T or C 



------------------------------------------
Symbol           Meaning   
------------------------------------------
A        Alanine
C        Cysteine
D        Aspartic Acid
E        Glutamic Acid
F        Phenylalanine
G        Glycine
H        Histidine
I        Isoleucine
K        Lysine
L        Leucine
M        Methionine
N        Asparagine
P        Proline
Q        Glutamine
R        Arginine
S        Serine
T        Threonine
V        Valine
W        Tryptophan
Y        Tyrosine

B        Aspartic Acid, Asparagine
Z        Glutamic Acid, Glutamine
X        Any amino acid
.        Any amino acid

Multiple Format Support

Ultimately, this module should be able to build SeqPattern.pm objects using a variety of pattern formats such as ProSite, Blocks, Prints, GCG, etc. Currently, this module only supports patterns using a grep-like syntax.

USAGE

A simple demo script is included in the examples/ directory of the central Bioperl distribution and is also available from:

http://bio.perl.org/Core/Examples/seq_pattern.pl

FEEDBACK

Mailing Lists

User feedback is an integral part of the evolution of this and other Bioperl modules. Send your comments and suggestions preferably to one of the Bioperl mailing lists. Your participation is much appreciated.

bioperl-l@bioperl.org              - General discussion
http://bio.perl.org/MailList.html  - About the mailing lists

Reporting Bugs

Report bugs to the Bioperl bug tracking system to help us keep track the bugs and their resolution. Bug reports can be submitted via email or the web:

bioperl-bugs@bio.perl.org
http://bio.perl.org/bioperl-bugs/

AUTHOR

Steve Chervitz, sac@bioperl.org

VERSION

Bio::Tools::SeqPattern.pm, 0.011

COPYRIGHT

new

Title     : new
Usage     : my $seqpat = new Bio::Tools::SeqPattern();
Purpose   : Verifies that the type is correct for superclass (Bio::Seq.pm)
          : and calls superclass constructor last.
Returns   : n/a
Argument  : Parameters passed to new()
Throws    : Exception if the pattern string (seq) is empty.
Comments  : The process of creating a new SeqPattern.pm object
          : ensures that the pattern string is untained.

See Also : Bio::Root::Root::new(), Bio::Seq::_initialize()

alphabet_ok

Title     : alphabet_ok
Usage     : $mypat->alphabet_ok;
Purpose   : Checks for invalid regexp characters.
          : Overrides Bio::Seq::alphabet_ok() to allow 
          : additional regexp characters ,.*()[]<>{}^$ 
          : in addition to the standard genetic alphabet.
          : Also untaints the pattern and sets the sequence
          : object's sequence to the untained string.
Returns   : Boolean (1 | 0)
Argument  : n/a
Throws    : Exception if the pattern contains invalid characters.
Comments  : Does not call the superclass method.
          : Actually permits any alphanumeric, not just the
          : standard genetic alphabet.

expand

Title     : expand
Usage     : $seqpat_object->expand();
Purpose   : Expands the sequence pattern using special ambiguity codes.
Example   : $pat = $seq_pat->expand();
Returns   : String containing fully expanded sequence pattern
Argument  : n/a
Throws    : Exception if sequence type is not recognized 
          : (i.e., is not one of [DR]NA, Amino)

See Also : Extended Alphabet Support, _expand_pep(), _expand_nuc()

_expand_pep

Title     : _expand_pep
Usage     : n/a; automatically called by expand()
Purpose   : Expands peptide patterns
Returns   : String (the expanded pattern)
Argument  : String (the unexpanded pattern) 
Throws    : n/a

_expand_nuc

Title     : _expand_nuc
Purpose   : Expands nucleotide patterns
Returns   : String (the expanded pattern)
Argument  : String (the unexpanded pattern) 
Throws    : n/a

revcom

Title     : revcom
Usage     : revcom([1]);
Purpose   : Forms a pattern capable of recognizing the reverse complement
          : version of a nucleotide sequence pattern.
Example   : $pattern_object->revcom(); 
          : $pattern_object->revcom(1); ## returns expanded rev complement pattern.
Returns   : Object reference for a new Bio::Tools::SeqPattern containing
          : the revcom of the current pattern as its sequence.
Argument  : (1) boolean (optional) (default= false)
          :     true : expand the pattern before rev-complementing. 
          :     false: don't expand pattern before or after rev-complementing.
Throws    : Exception if called for amino acid sequence pattern.
Comments  : This method permits the simultaneous searching of both
          : sense and anti-sense versions of a nucleotide pattern
          : by means of a grep-type of functionality in which any
          : number of patterns may be or-ed into the recognition
          : pattern.
          : Overrides Bio::Seq::revcom() and calls it first thing. 
          : The order of _fixpat() calls is critical.

See Also : Bio::Seq::revcom(), _fixpat_1(), _fixpat_2(), _fixpat_3(), _fixpat_4(), _fixpat_5()

_fixpat_1

Title     : _fixpat_1
Usage     : n/a; called automatically by revcom()
Purpose   : Utility method for revcom()
          : Converts all {7,5} --> {5,7}     (Part I)
          :           and [T^] --> [^T]      (Part II)
          :           and *N   --> N*        (Part III)
Returns   : String (the new, partially reversed pattern)
Argument  : String (the expanded pattern)
Throws    : n/a

See Also : revcom()

_fixpat_2

Title     : _fixpat_2
Usage     : n/a; called automatically by revcom()
Purpose   : Utility method for revcom()
          : Converts all {5,7}Y ---> Y{5,7}
          :          and {10,}. ---> .{10,}
Returns   : String (the new, partially reversed pattern)
Argument  : String (the expanded, partially reversed pattern)
Throws    : n/a

See Also : revcom()

_fixpat_3

Title     : _fixpat_3
Usage     : n/a; called automatically by revcom()
Purpose   : Utility method for revcom()
          : Converts all {5,7}(XXX) ---> (XXX){5,7}
Returns   : String (the new, partially reversed pattern)
Argument  : String (the expanded, partially reversed pattern)
Throws    : n/a

See Also : revcom()

_fixpat_4

Title     : _fixpat_4
Usage     : n/a; called automatically by revcom()
Purpose   : Utility method for revcom()
          : Converts all {5,7}[XXX] ---> [XXX]{5,7}
Returns   : String (the new, partially reversed pattern)
Argument  : String (the expanded, partially reversed  pattern)
Throws    : n/a

See Also : revcom()

_fixpat_5

Title     : _fixpat_5
Usage     : n/a; called automatically by revcom()
Purpose   : Utility method for revcom()
          : Converts all *[XXX]  ---> [XXX]*
          :          and *(XXX)  ---> (XXX)*
Returns   : String (the new, partially reversed pattern)
Argument  : String (the expanded, partially reversed pattern)
Throws    : n/a

See Also : revcom()

_fixpat_6

Title     : _fixpat_6
Usage     : n/a; called automatically by revcom()
Purpose   : Utility method for revcom()
          : Converts all ?Y{5,7}  ---> Y{5,7}?
          :          and ?(XXX){5,7}  ---> (XXX){5,7}?
          :          and ?[XYZ]{5,7}  ---> [XYZ]{5,7}?
Returns   : String (the new, partially reversed pattern)
Argument  : String (the expanded, partially reversed pattern)
Throws    : n/a

See Also : revcom()

str

Title   : str
Usage   : $obj->str($newval)
Function: 
Returns : value of str
Args    : newvalue (optional)

type

Title   : type
Usage   : $obj->type($newval)
Function: 
Returns : value of type
Args    : newvalue (optional)

FOR DEVELOPERS ONLY

Data Members

Information about the various data members of this module is provided for those wishing to modify or understand the code. Two things to bear in mind:

1 Do NOT rely on these in any code outside of this module.: All data members are prefixed with an underscore to signify that they are private. Always use accessor methods. If the accessor doesn't exist or is inadequate, create or modify an accessor (and let me know, too!).
2 This documentation may be incomplete and out of date.: It is easy for this documentation to become obsolete as this module is still evolving. Always double check this info and search for members not described here.

An instance of Bio::Tools::RestrictionEnzyme.pm is a blessed reference to a hash containing all or some of the following fields:

FIELD          VALUE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
_rev     : The corrected reverse complement of the fully expanded pattern.

INHERITED DATA MEMBERS:

_seq     : (From Bio::Seq.pm) The original, unexpanded input sequence after untainting.
_type    : (From Bio::Seq.pm) 'Dna' or 'Amino'

To install Bio::Seq, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.

cpanm

cpanm Bio::Seq

CPAN shell

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Bio::Seq

For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.

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NAME

SYNOPSIS

Object Creation

DESCRIPTION

MOTIVATIONS

OTHER FEATURES

Extended Alphabet Support

Multiple Format Support

USAGE

SEE ALSO

FEEDBACK

Mailing Lists

Reporting Bugs

AUTHOR

VERSION

COPYRIGHT

new

alphabet_ok

expand

_expand_pep

_expand_nuc

revcom

_fixpat_1

_fixpat_2

_fixpat_3

_fixpat_4

_fixpat_5

_fixpat_6

str

type

FOR DEVELOPERS ONLY

Data Members

Module Install Instructions