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App-cpanminus-1.7018
River stage two • 42 direct dependents • 52 total dependents
/ App::cpanminus

NAME

App::cpanminus - get, unpack, build and install modules from CPAN

SYNOPSIS

cpanm Module

Run cpanm -h or perldoc cpanm for more options.

DESCRIPTION

cpanminus is a script to get, unpack, build and install modules from CPAN and does nothing else.

It's dependency free (can bootstrap itself), requires zero configuration, and stands alone. When running, it requires only 10MB of RAM.

INSTALLATION

There are several ways to install cpanminus to your system.

Package management system

There are Debian packages, RPMs, FreeBSD ports, and packages for other operation systems available. If you want to use the package management system, search for cpanminus and use the appropriate command to install. This makes it easy to install cpanm to your system without thinking about where to install, and later upgrade.

Installing to system perl

You can also use the latest cpanminus to install cpanminus itself:

curl -L https://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus

This will install cpanm to your bin directory like /usr/local/bin and you'll need the --sudo option to write to the directory, unless you configured INSTALL_BASE with local::lib.

Installing to local perl (perlbrew)

If you have perl in your home directory, which is the case if you use tools like perlbrew, you don't need the --sudo option, since you're most likely to have a write permission to the perl's library path. You can just do:

curl -L https://cpanmin.us | perl - App::cpanminus

to install the cpanm executable to the perl's bin path, like ~/perl5/perlbrew/bin/cpanm.

Downloading the standalone executable

You can also copy the standalone executable to whatever location you'd like.

cd ~/bin
curl -LO http://xrl.us/cpanm
chmod +x cpanm
# edit shebang if you don't have /usr/bin/env

This just works, but be sure to grab the new version manually when you upgrade because --self-upgrade might not work for this.

DEPENDENCIES

perl 5.8 or later.

  • 'tar' executable (bsdtar or GNU tar version 1.22 are recommended) or Archive::Tar to unpack files.

  • C compiler, if you want to build XS modules.

  • make

  • Module::Build (core in 5.10)

QUESTIONS

Another CPAN installer?

OK, the first motivation was this: the CPAN shell runs out of memory (or swaps heavily and gets really slow) on Slicehost/linode's most affordable plan with only 256MB RAM. Should I pay more to install perl modules from CPAN? I don't think so.

But why a new client?

First of all, let me be clear that CPAN and CPANPLUS are great tools I've used for literally years (you know how many modules I have on CPAN, right?). I really respect their efforts of maintaining the most important tools in the CPAN toolchain ecosystem.

However, for less experienced users (mostly from outside the Perl community), or even really experienced Perl developers who know how to shoot themselves in their feet, setting up the CPAN toolchain often feels like yak shaving, especially when all they want to do is just install some modules and start writing code.

Zero-conf? How does this module get/parse/update the CPAN index?

It queries the CPAN Meta DB site at http://cpanmetadb.plackperl.org/. The site is updated at least every hour to reflect the latest changes from fast syncing mirrors. The script then also falls back to query the module at http://metacpan.org/ using its wonderful API.

Upon calling these API hosts, cpanm (1.6004 or later) will send the local perl versions to the server in User-Agent string by default. You can turn it off with --no-report-perl-version option. Read more about the option with cpanm, and read more about the privacy policy about this data collection at http://cpanmetadb.plackperl.org/#privacy

Fetched files are unpacked in ~/.cpanm and automatically cleaned up periodically. You can configure the location of this with the PERL_CPANM_HOME environment variable.

Where does this install modules to? Do I need root access?

It installs to wherever ExtUtils::MakeMaker and Module::Build are configured to (via PERL_MM_OPT and PERL_MB_OPT). So if you're using local::lib, then it installs to your local perl5 directory. Otherwise it installs to the site_perl directory that belongs to your perl.

cpanminus at a boot time checks whether you have configured local::lib, or have the permission to install modules to the site_perl directory. If neither, it automatically sets up local::lib compatible installation path in a perl5 directory under your home directory. To avoid this, run the script as the root user, with --sudo option or with --local-lib option.

cpanminus can't install the module XYZ. Is it a bug?

It is more likely a problem with the distribution itself. cpanminus doesn't support or is known to have issues with distributions like as follows:

  • Tests that require input from STDIN.

  • Build.PL or Makefile.PL that prompts for input when PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT is enabled.

  • Modules that have invalid numeric values as VERSION (such as 1.1a)

These failures can be reported back to the author of the module so that they can fix it accordingly, rather than me.

Does cpanm support the feature XYZ of CPAN and CPANPLUS?

Most likely not. Here are the things that cpanm doesn't do by itself. And it's a feature - you got that from the name minus, right?

If you need these features, use CPAN, CPANPLUS or the standalone tools that are mentioned.

  • CPAN testers reporting. See App::cpanminus::reporter

  • Building RPM packages from CPAN modules

  • Listing the outdated modules that needs upgrading. See App::cpanoutdated

  • Showing the changes of the modules you're about to upgrade. See cpan-listchanges

  • Patching CPAN modules with distroprefs.

See cpanm or cpanm -h to see what cpanminus can do :)

COPYRIGHT

Copyright 2010- Tatsuhiko Miyagawa

The standalone executable contains the following modules embedded.

LICENSE

This software is licensed under the same terms as Perl.

CREDITS

CONTRIBUTORS

Patches and code improvements were contributed by:

Goro Fuji, Kazuhiro Osawa, Tokuhiro Matsuno, Kenichi Ishigaki, Ian Wells, Pedro Melo, Masayoshi Sekimura, Matt S Trout (mst), squeeky, horus and Ingy dot Net.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Bug reports, suggestions and feedbacks were sent by, or general acknowledgement goes to:

Jesse Vincent, David Golden, Andreas Koenig, Jos Boumans, Chris Williams, Adam Kennedy, Audrey Tang, J. Shirley, Chris Prather, Jesse Luehrs, Marcus Ramberg, Shawn M Moore, chocolateboy, Chirs Nehren, Jonathan Rockway, Leon Brocard, Simon Elliott, Ricardo Signes, AEvar Arnfjord Bjarmason, Eric Wilhelm, Florian Ragwitz and xaicron.

COMMUNITY

http://github.com/miyagawa/cpanminus - source code repository, issue tracker
irc://irc.perl.org/#toolchain - discussions about Perl toolchain. I'm there.

NO WARRANTY

This software is provided "as-is," without any express or implied warranty. In no event shall the author be held liable for any damages arising from the use of the software.

SEE ALSO

CPAN CPANPLUS pip