NAME
Data::HexDump::Range - Hexadecial Range Dumper with, color, bitfields and skip ranges
SYNOPSIS
my $hdr = Data::HexDump::Range->new() ;
print $hdr->dump([['magic cookie', 12, 'red'],['image type', 2, 'green']], $data) ;
print $hdr->dump('magic cookie, 12, red :image type, 2, green', $data) ;
$hdr->gather(['magic cookie', 12, 'red'], $data) ;
$hdr->gather(['image type', 2, 'green'], $other_data) ;
print $hdr->dump_gathered() ;
$hdr->reset() ;DESCRIPTION
Creates a dump from binary data and user defined range descriptions. The goal of this module is to create an easy to understand dump of binary data.
This achieved through:
Highlighted (colors) dump that is easier to understand than a monochrome blob of hex data
Multiple rendering modes with different output formats
Bitfield rendering
Skipping uninterresting data
The possibility to describe complex structures
DOCUMENTATION
The shortest perl dumper is perl -ne 'BEGIN{$/=\16} printf "%07x0: @{[unpack q{(H2)*}]}\n", $.-1', courtesy of a golfing session with Andrew Rodland <arodland@cpan.org> aka hobbs. priodev, tm604, Khisanth and other provided valuable insight particularely with the html output.
hexd from libma http://www.ioplex.com/~miallen/libmba/ is nice tools that inspired me to write this module. This module offers many more options but hexd may be a better alternative If you need very fast dump generation.
Data::HexDump::Range splits binary data according to user defined ranges and rendered as a hex or/and decimal data dump. The data dump can be rendered in ANSI, ASCII or HTML.
Rendered Columns
You can choose which columns are rendered by setting options when creating a Data::HexDump::Range object. The default rendering includes the following
RANGE_NAME OFFSET CUMULATIVE_OFFSET HEX_DUMP ASCII_DUMPwhich corresponds to the object below:
Data::HexDump::Range->new
(
FORMAT => 'ANSI',
COLOR => 'cycle',
ORIENTATION => 'horizontal',
DISPLAY_RANGE_NAME => 1 ,
DISPLAY_OFFSET => 1 ,
OFFSET_FORMAT => 'hex',
DISPLAY_HEX_DUMP => 1,
DISPLAY_ASCII_DUMP => 1,
DATA_WIDTH => 16,
) ;If you decided that you wanted the binary data to be showed in decimal instead for hexadecimal, you' set DISPLAY_HEX_DUMP => 0 and DISPLAY_DEC_DUMP => 1. See new for all the possible options. Most option are also available from the command line utility hdr.
Orientation
The examples below show the output of the following command:
$>hdr -r 'magic cookie,12:padding, 32:header,5:data, 20:extra data,#:header,5:data,40:footer,4' -col -o ver -display_ruler 1 lib/Data/HexDump/Range.pmVertical orientation
In this orientation mode, each range displayed on a separate line.
RANGE_NAME OFFSET CUMULATI HEX_DUMP ASCII_DUMP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f 0123456789012345
magic cookie 00000000 00000000 0a 70 61 63 6b 61 67 65 20 44 61 74 .package Dat
padding 0000000c 00000000 61 3a 3a 48 65 78 44 75 6d 70 3a 3a 52 61 6e 67 a::HexDump::Rang
padding 0000001c 00000010 65 20 3b 0a 0a 75 73 65 20 73 74 72 69 63 74 3b e ;..use strict;
header 0000002c 00000000 0a 75 73 65 20 .use
data 00000031 00000000 77 61 72 6e 69 6e 67 73 20 3b 0a 75 73 65 20 43 warnings ;.use C
data 00000041 00000010 61 72 70 20 arp
"extra data"
header 00000045 00000000 3b 0a 0a 42 45 ;..BE
data 0000004a 00000000 47 49 4e 20 0a 7b 0a 0a 75 73 65 20 53 75 62 3a GIN .{..use Sub:
data 0000005a 00000010 3a 45 78 70 6f 72 74 65 72 20 2d 73 65 74 75 70 :Exporter -setup
data 0000006a 00000020 20 3d 3e 20 0a 09 7b 0a => ..{.
footer 00000072 00000000 09 65 78 70 .expIn colors:
RANGE_NAME OFFSET CUMULATI HEX_DUMP ASCII_DUMP 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f 0123456789012345 magic cookie 00000000 00000000 0a 70 61 63 6b 61 67 65 20 44 61 74 .package Dat padding 0000000c 00000000 61 3a 3a 48 65 78 44 75 6d 70 3a 3a 52 61 6e 67 a::HexDump::Rang padding 0000001c 00000010 65 20 3b 0a 0a 75 73 65 20 73 74 72 69 63 74 3b e ;..use strict; header 0000002c 00000000 0a 75 73 65 20 .use data 00000031 00000000 77 61 72 6e 69 6e 67 73 20 3b 0a 75 73 65 20 43 warnings ;.use C data 00000041 00000010 61 72 70 20 arp "extra data" header 00000045 00000000 3b 0a 0a 42 45 ;..BE data 0000004a 00000000 47 49 4e 20 0a 7b 0a 0a 75 73 65 20 53 75 62 3a GIN .{..use Sub: data 0000005a 00000010 3a 45 78 70 6f 72 74 65 72 20 2d 73 65 74 75 70 :Exporter -setup data 0000006a 00000020 20 3d 3e 20 0a 09 7b 0a => ..{. footer 00000072 00000000 09 65 78 70 .exp
Horizontal orientation
In this mode, the data are packed together in the dump
OFFSET HEX_DUMP ASCII_DUMP RANGE_NAME
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f 0123456789012345
00000000 0a 70 61 63 6b 61 67 65 20 44 61 74 61 3a 3a 48 .package Data::H magic cookie, padding,
00000020 65 78 44 75 6d 70 3a 3a 52 61 6e 67 65 20 3b 0a exDump::Range ;. padding,
00000030 0a 75 73 65 20 73 74 72 69 63 74 3b 0a 75 73 65 .use strict;.use padding, header,
00000050 20 77 61 72 6e 69 6e 67 73 20 3b 0a 75 73 65 20 warnings ;.use header, data,
00000070 43 61 72 70 20 3b 0a 0a 42 45 47 49 4e 20 0a 7b Carp ;..BEGIN .{ data, "extra data", header, data,
000000a0 0a 0a 75 73 65 20 53 75 62 3a 3a 45 78 70 6f 72 ..use Sub::Expor data,
000000b0 74 65 72 20 2d 73 65 74 75 70 20 3d 3e 20 0a 09 ter -setup => .. data,
000000c0 7b 0a 09 65 78 70 {..exp data, footer,In colors:
OFFSET HEX_DUMP ASCII_DUMP RANGE_NAME 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f 0123456789012345 00000000 0a 70 61 63 6b 61 67 65 20 44 61 74 61 3a 3a 48 .package Data::H magic cookie, padding, 00000020 65 78 44 75 6d 70 3a 3a 52 61 6e 67 65 20 3b 0a exDump::Range ;. padding, 00000030 0a 75 73 65 20 73 74 72 69 63 74 3b 0a 75 73 65 .use strict;.use padding, header, 00000050 20 77 61 72 6e 69 6e 67 73 20 3b 0a 75 73 65 20 warnings ;.use header, data, 00000070 43 61 72 70 20 3b 0a 0a 42 45 47 49 4e 20 0a 7b Carp ;..BEGIN .{ data, "extra data", header, data, 000000a0 0a 0a 75 73 65 20 53 75 62 3a 3a 45 78 70 6f 72 ..use Sub::Expor data, 000000b0 74 65 72 20 2d 73 65 74 75 70 20 3d 3e 20 0a 09 ter -setup => .. data, 000000c0 7b 0a 09 65 78 70 {..exp data, footer,
Range definition
my $simple_range = ['magic cookie', 12, 'red'] ;Ranges are Array references containing two to four elements:
name - a string
size - an integer or a format - a string
color - a string or undef
user information - a very short string descibing the range or undef
Any of the elements can be replaced by a subroutine reference. See "Dynamic range definition" below.
You can also pass the ranges as a string. The hdr command line range dumper that was installed by this module uses the string format.
Example:
$>hdr --col -display_ruler -o ver -r 'header,12:name,10:magic,2:offset,4:BITMAP,4,bright_yellow:ff,x2b2:fx,b32:f0,b16:field,x8b8:field2, b17:footer,20' my_binarySize field format
The size field is used to defined if the range is a normal range, a comment, a bitfield or a skip range. The formats are a s follows:
format complete range example
normal range => integer header, 4, bright_blue
comment => # data section start, #
bitfield => [xInteger]bInteger bitfield, x8b4
skip range => xInteger boring, x256,, commentColoring
Ranges and ranges names are displayed according to the color field in the range definition.
The color definition is one of:
A user defined color name found in COLOR_NAMES (see new)
An ansi color definition - 'blue on_yellow'
undef - will be repaced by a white color or picked from a cyclic color list (see COLOR in new).
Linear ranges
For simple data formats, your can put all the your range descriptions in a array:
my $image_ranges =
[
['magic cookie', 12, 'red'],
['size', 10, 'yellow'],
['data', 10, 'blue on_yellow'],
['timestamp', 5, 'green'],
] ;Structured Ranges
my $data_range = # definition to re-use
[
['data header', 5, 'blue on_yellow'],
['data', 100, 'blue'],
] ;
my $structured_range =
[
[
['magic cookie', 12, 'red'],
['padding', 88, 'yellow'],
$data_range,
],
[
['extra data', 12, undef],
[
$data_range,
['footer', 4, 'yellow on_red'],
]
],
]Comment ranges
If the size of a range is the string '#', the whole range is considered a comment
my $range_defintion_with_comments =
[
['comment text', '#', 'optional color for meta range'],
['magic cookie', 12, 'red'],
['padding', 88, 'yellow'],
[
['another comment', '#'],
['data header', 5, 'blue on_yellow'],
['data', 100, 'blue'],
],
] ;Bitfields
Bitfields can be up to 32 bits long and can overlap each other. Bitfields are applied on the previously defined range.
In the example below, bitfields ff, fx, f0 are extracted form the data defined by the BITMAP range.
.------------. .--------------.
.---. | data range | | data hexdump |
| b | '------------' '--------------'
| i | | |
| t | BITMAP <----' 00000000 00000000 0a 70 61 63 <--' .pac
| f | ^ .ff 02 .. 03 -- -- -- 00 ----------------------------00-- .bitfield: ---.
| i |---> .fx 00 .. 31 0a 70 61 63 00001010011100000110000101100011 .bitfield: .pac
| e | v .f0 00 .. 15 -- -- 61 63 ----------------0110000101100011 .bitfield: --ac
| l | ^ ^ ^ ^
| d | | | | |
| s | .----------------------.-------------------.----------------------. .---------------------.
'---' | start bit .. end bit | bitfields hexdump | bitfield binary dump | | bitfield ascci dump |
'----------------------'-------------------'----------------------' '---------------------'The the format definiton is: an optional "x (for offset) + offset" + "b (for bits) + number of bits". Eg: x8b8 second byte in MYDATA.
An example output containing normal data and bifields dumps using the comand below.
$>hdr -r 'header,12:BITMAP,4,bright_yellow:ff,x2b2:fx,b32:f0,b16::footer,16' -o ver file_nameheader 00000000 00000000 0a 70 61 63 6b 61 67 65 20 44 61 74 .package Dat BITMAP 0000000c 00000000 61 3a 3a 48 a::H .ff 02 .. 03 -- -- -- 02 ----------------------------10-- .bitfield: ---. .fx 00 .. 31 61 3a 3a 48 01100001001110100011101001001000 .bitfield: a::H .f0 00 .. 15 -- -- 3a 48 ----------------0011101001001000 .bitfield: --:H footer 00000010 00000000 65 78 44 75 6d 70 3a 3a 52 61 6e 67 65 20 3b 0a exDump::Range ;.
By default bitfields are not displayed in horizontal mode.
Skip ranges
If the size format is 'x' + number, that number of bytes is skipped from the data. Data::HexDump::Range will display the skip range in the dump but not the data.
In the command below, the range 'skip' removes 32 bytes from the display. '>>' is prepended to the range name.
Command: hdr -r 'magic cookie, 5 :other,37 :bf,b8 :skip,x32,, I skipped :more, 20' -rul -col -o ver
RANGE_NAME OFFSET CUMULATI HEX_DUMP ASCII_DUMP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f 0123456789012345
magic cookie 00000000 00000000 63 6f 6d 6d 69 commi
other 00000005 00000000 74 20 31 39 39 61 34 62 31 32 37 62 32 39 66 39 t 199a4b127b29f9
other 00000015 00000010 31 64 32 65 36 33 66 39 35 66 38 63 34 30 62 64 1d2e63f95f8c40bd
other 00000025 00000020 65 31 39 62 61 e19ba
.bf 00 .. 07 -- -- -- 61 ------------------------01100001 .bitfield: ---a
>>skip 0000002a 00000049 00 00 00 20 bytes skipped
more 0000004a 00000000 69 6d 20 6b 68 65 6d 69 72 20 3c 6e 6b 68 40 63 im khemir <nkh@c
more 0000005a 00000010 70 61 6e 2e pan.in color:
RANGE_NAME OFFSET CUMULATI HEX_DUMP ASCII_DUMP 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f 0123456789012345 magic cookie 00000000 00000000 63 6f 6d 6d 69 commi other 00000005 00000000 74 20 31 39 39 61 34 62 31 32 37 62 32 39 66 39 t 199a4b127b29f9 other 00000015 00000010 31 64 32 65 36 33 66 39 35 66 38 63 34 30 62 64 1d2e63f95f8c40bd other 00000025 00000020 65 31 39 62 61 e19ba .bf 00 .. 07 -- -- -- 61 ------------------------01100001 .bitfield: ---a >>skip 0000002a 00000049 00 00 00 20 bytes skipped more 0000004a 00000000 69 6d 20 6b 68 65 6d 69 72 20 3c 6e 6b 68 40 63 im khemir <nkh@c more 0000005a 00000010 70 61 6e 2e pan.
Dynamic range definition
The whole range can be replaced by a subroutine reference or elements of the range can be replaced by a subroutine definition.
my $dynamic_range =
[
[\&name, \&size, \&color, \&comment ],
[\&define_range] # returns a range definition
] ;'name' sub ref
sub cloth_size
{
my ($data, $offset, $size) = @_ ;
my %types = (O => 'S', 1 => 'M', 2 => 'L',) ;
return 'size:' . ($types{$data} // '?') ;
}
$hdr->dump([\&cloth_size, 1, 'yellow'], $data) ;'size' sub ref
sub cloth_size
{
my ($data, $offset, $size) = @_ ;
return unpack "a", $data ;
}
$hdr->dump(['data', \&get_size, 'yellow'], $data) ;'color' sub ref
my $flip_flop = 1 ;
my @colors = ('green', 'red') ;
sub alternate_color {$flip_flop ^= 1 ; return $colors[$flip_flop] }
$hdr->dump(['data', 100, \&alternate_color], $data) ;'range' sub ref
sub define_range(['whole range', 5, 'on_yellow']}
$hdr->dump([\&define_range], $data) ;define_range($data, $offset)
Returns a range description for the next range to dump
Arguments - See gather
$self - A Data::HexDump::Range object
$data - Binary string - the data passed to the dump method
$offset - Integer - current offset in $data
Returns -
$range - An array reference containing a name, size and color and user_information
OR
undef - Ignore this range
$comment - String - an optional comment that will be displayed if DUMP_RANGE_DESCRIPTION is set.
Note this is, very, different from "User defined range generator" below.
User defined range generator
A subroutine reference can be passed as a range definition. The subroutine will be called repetitively till the data is exhausted or the subroutine returns undef.
sub my_parser
{
my ($data, $offset) = @_ ;
my $first_byte = unpack ("x$offset C", $data) ;
$offset < length($data)
? $first_byte == ord(0)
? ['from odd', 5, 'blue on_yellow']
: ['from even', 3, 'green']
: undef ;
}
my $hdr = Data::HexDump::Range->new() ;
print $hdr->dump(\&my_parser, '01' x 50) ;my_parser($data, $offset)
Returns a range description for the next range to dump
Arguments - See gather
$self - A Data::HexDump::Range object
$data - Binary string - the data passed to the dump method
$offset - Integer - current offset in $data
Returns -
$range - An array reference containing a name, size and color
OR
undef - Done parsing
EXAMPLES
See hdr_examples.pod in the distribution.
SUBROUTINES/METHODS
Subroutines prefixed with [P] are not part of the public API and shall not be used directly.
new(NAMED_ARGUMENTS)
Create a Data::HexDump::Range object.
my $hdr = Data::HexDump::Range->new() ; # use default setup
my $hdr = Data::HexDump::Range->new
(
FORMAT => 'ANSI'|'ASCII'|'HTML',
COLOR => 'bw' | 'cycle',
OFFSET_FORMAT => 'hex' | 'dec',
DATA_WIDTH => 16 | 20 | ... ,
DISPLAY_RANGE_NAME => 1 ,
MAXIMUM_RANGE_NAME_SIZE => 16,
DISPLAY_COLUMN_NAMES => 0,
DISPLAY_RULER => 0,
DISPLAY_OFFSET => 1 ,
DISPLAY_CUMULATIVE_OFFSET => 1 ,
DISPLAY_ZERO_SIZE_RANGE_WARNING => 1,
DISPLAY_ZERO_SIZE_RANGE => 1,
DISPLAY_RANGE_SIZE => 1,
DISPLAY_ASCII_DUMP => 1 ,
DISPLAY_HEX_DUMP => 1,
DISPLAY_DEC_DUMP => 1,
COLOR_NAMES => {},
ORIENTATION => 'horizontal',
) ;Arguments - All arguments are optional. Default values are listed below.
NAME - String - Name of the Data::HexDump::Range object, set to 'Anonymous' by default
INTERACTION - Hash reference - Set of subs that are used to display information to the user
Useful if you use Data::HexDump::Range in an application without terminal.
VERBOSE - Boolean - Display information about the creation of the object. Default is false
DUMP_RANGE_DESCRIPTION - Boolean - Diplays the processed range descritption in plain text before the dump
DUMP_ORIGINAL_RANGE_DESCRIPTION - Boolean - Diplays the un-processed range descritption. A debugging flag.
FORMAT - String - format of the dump string generated by Data::HexDump::Range.
Default is ANSI which allows for colors. Other formats are 'ASCII' and 'HTML'.
COLOR - String 'bw' or 'cycle'.
Ranges for which no color has been defined, in 'ANSI' or 'HTML' format mode, will be rendered in black and white or with a color picked from a cyclic color list. Default is 'bw'.
OFFSET_FORMAT - String - 'hex' or 'dec'
If set to 'hex', the offset will be displayed in base 16. When set to 'dec' the offset is displayed in base 10. Default is 'hex'.
DATA_WIDTH - Integer - Number of elements displayed per line. Default is 16.
DISPLAY_RANGE_NAME - Boolean - If set, range names are displayed in the dump.
MAXIMUM_RANGE_NAME_SIZE - Integer - maximum size of a range name (horizontal mode). Default size is 16.
DISPLAY_COLUMN_NAMES - Boolean - If set, the column names are displayed. Default false
DISPLAY_RULER - Boolean - if set, a ruler is displayed above the dump, Default is false
DISPLAY_OFFSET - Boolean - If set, the offset column is displayed. Default true
DISPLAY_CUMULATIVE_OFFSET - Boolean - If set, the cumulative offset column is displayed in 'vertical' rendering mode. Default is true
OFFSET_START - Integer - value added to the offset.
DISPLAY_ZERO_SIZE_RANGE - Boolean - if set, ranges that do not consume data are displayed. default is true
DISPLAY_ZERO_SIZE_RANGE_WARNING - Boolean - if set, a warning is emitted if ranges that do not consume data. Default is true
DISPLAY_COMMENT_RANGE - Boolean - if set, comment ranges are displayed. default is true
DISPLAY_RANGE_SIZE - Bolean - if set the range size is prepended to the name. Default false
DISPLAY_ASCII_DUMP - Boolean - If set, the ASCII representation of the binary data is displayed. Default is true
DISPLAY_HEX_DUMP - Boolean - If set, the hexadecimal dump column is displayed. Default is true
DISPLAY_DEC_DUMP - Boolean - If set, the decimall dump column is displayed. Default is false
DISPLAY_BITFIELD_SOURCE - Boolean - if set an extra column indicating the source of bitfields is displayed
MAXIMUM_BITFIELD_SOURCE_SIZE - Integer - maximum size of the bifield source column
DISPLAY_USER_INFORMATION - Boolean - if set an extra column displaying user supplied information is shown
MAXIMUM_USER_INFORMATION_SIZE - Integer - maximum size of theuser information column
DISPLAY_BITFIELDS - Boolean - if set the bitfields are displayed
BIT_ZERO_ON_LEFT - Boolean - if set the bit of index 0 is on left growing to the right. Default false
COLOR_NAMES - A hash reference
{ ANSI => { header => 'yellow on_blue', data => 'yellow on_black', }, HTML => { header => 'FFFF00 0000FF', data => 'FFFF00 000000', }, }ORIENTATION - String - 'vertical' or 'horizontal' (the default).
Returns - Nothing
Exceptions - Dies if an unsupported option is passed.
gather($range_description, $data, $offset, $size)
Dump the data, up to $size, according to the description. The data dump is kept in the object so you can merge multiple gathered dumps and get a single rendering.
$hdr->gather($range_description, $data, $offset, $size)
$hdr->gather($range_description, $more_data)
print $hdr->dump_gathered() ;Arguments
$range_description - See "Range definition"
$data - A string - binary data to dump
$offset - dump data from offset
undef - start from first byte
$size - amount of data to dump
undef - use range description
CONSUME_ALL_DATA - apply range descritption till all data is consumed
Returns - An integer - the number of processed bytes
Exceptions - See _gather
dump_gathered()
Returns the dump string for the gathered data.
$hdr->gather($range_description, $data, $size)
$hdr->gather($range_description, $data, $size)
print $hdr->dump_gathered() ;Arguments - None
Returns - A string - the binary data formated according to the rnage descriptions
Exceptions - None
dump($range_description, $data, $offset, $size)
Dump the data, up to $size, according to the description
Arguments - See gather
Returns - A string - the formated dump
Exceptions - dies if the range description is invalid
get_dump_and_consumed_data_size($range_description, $data, $offset, $size)
Dump the data, from $offset up to $size, according to the $range_description
Arguments - See gather
Returns -
A string - the formated dump
An integer - the number of bytes consumed by the range specification
Exceptions - dies if the range description is invalid
reset()
Clear the gathered dump
Arguments - None
Returns - Nothing
Exceptions - None
BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
None so far.
AUTHOR
Nadim ibn hamouda el Khemir
CPAN ID: NKH
mailto: nadim@cpan.orgCOPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright Nadim Khemir 2010.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either:
the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) any later version, or
the Artistic License version 2.0.
SUPPORT
You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.
perldoc Data::HexDump::RangeYou can also look for information at:
AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation
RT: CPAN's request tracker
Please report any bugs or feature requests to L <bug-data-hexdump-range@rt.cpan.org>.
We will be notified, and then you'll automatically be notified of progress on your bug as we make changes.
Search CPAN
SEE ALSO
Data::Hexdumper, Data::ParseBinary, Convert::Binary::C, Parse::Binary