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NAME
SemanticWeb::Schema::CreativeWork - The most generic kind of creative work
VERSION
version v7.0.0
DESCRIPTION
The most generic kind of creative work, including books, movies, photographs, software programs, etc.
ATTRIBUTES
about
The subject matter of the content.
A about should be one of the following types:
_has_about
A predicate for the "about" attribute.
abstract
An abstract is a short description that summarizes a CreativeWork.
A abstract should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_abstract
A predicate for the "abstract" attribute.
access_mode
accessMode
The human sensory perceptual system or cognitive faculty through which a person may process or perceive information. Expected values include: auditory, tactile, textual, visual, colorDependent, chartOnVisual, chemOnVisual, diagramOnVisual, mathOnVisual, musicOnVisual, textOnVisual.
A access_mode should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_access_mode
A predicate for the "access_mode" attribute.
access_mode_sufficient
accessModeSufficient
A list of single or combined accessModes that are sufficient to understand all the intellectual content of a resource. Expected values include: auditory, tactile, textual, visual.
A access_mode_sufficient should be one of the following types:
_has_access_mode_sufficient
A predicate for the "access_mode_sufficient" attribute.
accessibility_api
accessibilityAPI
Indicates that the resource is compatible with the referenced accessibility API (WebSchemas wiki lists possible values).
A accessibility_api should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_accessibility_api
A predicate for the "accessibility_api" attribute.
accessibility_control
accessibilityControl
Identifies input methods that are sufficient to fully control the described resource (WebSchemas wiki lists possible values).
A accessibility_control should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_accessibility_control
A predicate for the "accessibility_control" attribute.
accessibility_feature
accessibilityFeature
Content features of the resource, such as accessible media, alternatives and supported enhancements for accessibility (WebSchemas wiki lists possible values).
A accessibility_feature should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_accessibility_feature
A predicate for the "accessibility_feature" attribute.
accessibility_hazard
accessibilityHazard
A characteristic of the described resource that is physiologically dangerous to some users. Related to WCAG 2.0 guideline 2.3 (WebSchemas wiki lists possible values).
A accessibility_hazard should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_accessibility_hazard
A predicate for the "accessibility_hazard" attribute.
accessibility_summary
accessibilitySummary
A human-readable summary of specific accessibility features or deficiencies, consistent with the other accessibility metadata but expressing subtleties such as "short descriptions are present but long descriptions will be needed for non-visual users" or "short descriptions are present and no long descriptions are needed."
A accessibility_summary should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_accessibility_summary
A predicate for the "accessibility_summary" attribute.
accountable_person
accountablePerson
Specifies the Person that is legally accountable for the CreativeWork.
A accountable_person should be one of the following types:
_has_accountable_person
A predicate for the "accountable_person" attribute.
acquire_license_page
acquireLicensePage
Indicates a page documenting how licenses can be purchased or otherwise acquired, for the current item.
A acquire_license_page should be one of the following types:
_has_acquire_license_page
A predicate for the "acquire_license_page" attribute.
aggregate_rating
aggregateRating
The overall rating, based on a collection of reviews or ratings, of the item.
A aggregate_rating should be one of the following types:
_has_aggregate_rating
A predicate for the "aggregate_rating" attribute.
alternative_headline
alternativeHeadline
A secondary title of the CreativeWork.
A alternative_headline should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_alternative_headline
A predicate for the "alternative_headline" attribute.
associated_media
associatedMedia
A media object that encodes this CreativeWork. This property is a synonym for encoding.
A associated_media should be one of the following types:
_has_associated_media
A predicate for the "associated_media" attribute.
audience
An intended audience, i.e. a group for whom something was created.
A audience should be one of the following types:
_has_audience
A predicate for the "audience" attribute.
audio
An embedded audio object.
A audio should be one of the following types:
InstanceOf['SemanticWeb::Schema::AudioObject']InstanceOf['SemanticWeb::Schema::Clip']InstanceOf['SemanticWeb::Schema::MusicRecording']
_has_audio
A predicate for the "audio" attribute.
author
The author of this content or rating. Please note that author is special in that HTML 5 provides a special mechanism for indicating authorship via the rel tag. That is equivalent to this and may be used interchangeably.
A author should be one of the following types:
_has_author
A predicate for the "author" attribute.
award
An award won by or for this item.
A award should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_award
A predicate for the "award" attribute.
awards
Awards won by or for this item.
A awards should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_awards
A predicate for the "awards" attribute.
character
Fictional person connected with a creative work.
A character should be one of the following types:
_has_character
A predicate for the "character" attribute.
citation
A citation or reference to another creative work, such as another publication, web page, scholarly article, etc.
A citation should be one of the following types:
_has_citation
A predicate for the "citation" attribute.
comment
Comments, typically from users.
A comment should be one of the following types:
_has_comment
A predicate for the "comment" attribute.
comment_count
commentCount
The number of comments this CreativeWork (e.g. Article, Question or Answer) has received. This is most applicable to works published in Web sites with commenting system; additional comments may exist elsewhere.
A comment_count should be one of the following types:
_has_comment_count
A predicate for the "comment_count" attribute.
conditions_of_access
conditionsOfAccess
Conditions that affect the availability of, or method(s) of access to,
an item. Typically used for real world items such as an ArchiveComponent held by an
ArchiveOrganization. This
property is not suitable for use as a general Web access control mechanism.
It is expressed only in natural language.
For example "Available
by appointment from the Reading Room" or "Accessible only from logged-in
accounts ".
A conditions_of_access should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_conditions_of_access
A predicate for the "conditions_of_access" attribute.
content_location
contentLocation
The location depicted or described in the content. For example, the location in a photograph or painting.
A content_location should be one of the following types:
_has_content_location
A predicate for the "content_location" attribute.
content_rating
contentRating
Official rating of a piece of content—for example,'MPAA PG-13'.
A content_rating should be one of the following types:
_has_content_rating
A predicate for the "content_rating" attribute.
content_reference_time
contentReferenceTime
The specific time described by a creative work, for works (e.g. articles, video objects etc.) that emphasise a particular moment within an Event.
A content_reference_time should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_content_reference_time
A predicate for the "content_reference_time" attribute.
contributor
A secondary contributor to the CreativeWork or Event.
A contributor should be one of the following types:
_has_contributor
A predicate for the "contributor" attribute.
copyright_holder
copyrightHolder
The party holding the legal copyright to the CreativeWork.
A copyright_holder should be one of the following types:
_has_copyright_holder
A predicate for the "copyright_holder" attribute.
copyright_year
copyrightYear
The year during which the claimed copyright for the CreativeWork was first asserted.
A copyright_year should be one of the following types:
Num
_has_copyright_year
A predicate for the "copyright_year" attribute.
correction
Indicates a correction to a CreativeWork, either via a CorrectionComment, textually or in another document.
A correction should be one of the following types:
_has_correction
A predicate for the "correction" attribute.
creative_work_status
creativeWorkStatus
The status of a creative work in terms of its stage in a lifecycle. Example terms include Incomplete, Draft, Published, Obsolete. Some organizations define a set of terms for the stages of their publication lifecycle.
A creative_work_status should be one of the following types:
_has_creative_work_status
A predicate for the "creative_work_status" attribute.
creator
The creator/author of this CreativeWork. This is the same as the Author property for CreativeWork.
A creator should be one of the following types:
_has_creator
A predicate for the "creator" attribute.
date_created
dateCreated
The date on which the CreativeWork was created or the item was added to a DataFeed.
A date_created should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_date_created
A predicate for the "date_created" attribute.
date_modified
dateModified
The date on which the CreativeWork was most recently modified or when the item's entry was modified within a DataFeed.
A date_modified should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_date_modified
A predicate for the "date_modified" attribute.
date_published
datePublished
Date of first broadcast/publication.
A date_published should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_date_published
A predicate for the "date_published" attribute.
discussion_url
discussionUrl
A link to the page containing the comments of the CreativeWork.
A discussion_url should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_discussion_url
A predicate for the "discussion_url" attribute.
editor
Specifies the Person who edited the CreativeWork.
A editor should be one of the following types:
_has_editor
A predicate for the "editor" attribute.
educational_alignment
educationalAlignment
An alignment to an established educational framework.
A educational_alignment should be one of the following types:
_has_educational_alignment
A predicate for the "educational_alignment" attribute.
educational_use
educationalUse
The purpose of a work in the context of education; for example, 'assignment', 'group work'.
A educational_use should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_educational_use
A predicate for the "educational_use" attribute.
encoding
A media object that encodes this CreativeWork. This property is a synonym for associatedMedia.
A encoding should be one of the following types:
_has_encoding
A predicate for the "encoding" attribute.
encoding_format
encodingFormat
Media type typically expressed using a MIME format (see IANA
site and MDN reference) e.g. application/zip for a SoftwareApplication
binary, audio/mpeg for .mp3 etc.).
In cases where a CreativeWork
has several media type representations, encoding can be used to indicate each
MediaObject
alongside particular encodingFormat
information.
Unregistered or niche encoding and file formats can
be indicated instead via the most appropriate URL, e.g. defining Web page
or a Wikipedia/Wikidata entry.
A encoding_format should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_encoding_format
A predicate for the "encoding_format" attribute.
encodings
A media object that encodes this CreativeWork.
A encodings should be one of the following types:
_has_encodings
A predicate for the "encodings" attribute.
example_of_work
exampleOfWork
A creative work that this work is an example/instance/realization/derivation of.
A example_of_work should be one of the following types:
_has_example_of_work
A predicate for the "example_of_work" attribute.
expires
Date the content expires and is no longer useful or available. For example a VideoObject or NewsArticle whose availability or relevance is time-limited, or a ClaimReview fact check whose publisher wants to indicate that it may no longer be relevant (or helpful to highlight) after some date.
A expires should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_expires
A predicate for the "expires" attribute.
file_format
fileFormat
Media type, typically MIME format (see IANA site) of the content e.g. application/zip of a SoftwareApplication binary. In cases where a CreativeWork has several media type representations, 'encoding' can be used to indicate each MediaObject alongside particular fileFormat information. Unregistered or niche file formats can be indicated instead via the most appropriate URL, e.g. defining Web page or a Wikipedia entry.
A file_format should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_file_format
A predicate for the "file_format" attribute.
funder
A person or organization that supports (sponsors) something through some kind of financial contribution.
A funder should be one of the following types:
_has_funder
A predicate for the "funder" attribute.
genre
Genre of the creative work, broadcast channel or group.
A genre should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_genre
A predicate for the "genre" attribute.
has_part
hasPart
Indicates an item or CreativeWork that is part of this item, or CreativeWork (in some sense).
A has_part should be one of the following types:
_has_has_part
A predicate for the "has_part" attribute.
headline
Headline of the article.
A headline should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_headline
A predicate for the "headline" attribute.
in_language
inLanguage
The language of the content or performance or used in an action. Please use one of the language codes from the IETF BCP 47 standard. See also availableLanguage.
A in_language should be one of the following types:
_has_in_language
A predicate for the "in_language" attribute.
interaction_statistic
interactionStatistic
The number of interactions for the CreativeWork using the WebSite or SoftwareApplication. The most specific child type of InteractionCounter should be used.
A interaction_statistic should be one of the following types:
_has_interaction_statistic
A predicate for the "interaction_statistic" attribute.
interactivity_type
interactivityType
The predominant mode of learning supported by the learning resource. Acceptable values are 'active', 'expositive', or 'mixed'.
A interactivity_type should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_interactivity_type
A predicate for the "interactivity_type" attribute.
is_accessible_for_free
isAccessibleForFree
A flag to signal that the item, event, or place is accessible for free.
A is_accessible_for_free should be one of the following types:
Bool
_has_is_accessible_for_free
A predicate for the "is_accessible_for_free" attribute.
is_based_on
isBasedOn
A resource from which this work is derived or from which it is a modification or adaption.
A is_based_on should be one of the following types:
_has_is_based_on
A predicate for the "is_based_on" attribute.
is_based_on_url
isBasedOnUrl
A resource that was used in the creation of this resource. This term can be repeated for multiple sources. For example, http://example.com/great-multiplication-intro.html.
A is_based_on_url should be one of the following types:
_has_is_based_on_url
A predicate for the "is_based_on_url" attribute.
is_family_friendly
isFamilyFriendly
Indicates whether this content is family friendly.
A is_family_friendly should be one of the following types:
Bool
_has_is_family_friendly
A predicate for the "is_family_friendly" attribute.
is_part_of
isPartOf
Indicates an item or CreativeWork that this item, or CreativeWork (in some sense), is part of.
A is_part_of should be one of the following types:
_has_is_part_of
A predicate for the "is_part_of" attribute.
keywords
Keywords or tags used to describe this content. Multiple entries in a keywords list are typically delimited by commas.
A keywords should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_keywords
A predicate for the "keywords" attribute.
learning_resource_type
learningResourceType
The predominant type or kind characterizing the learning resource. For example, 'presentation', 'handout'.
A learning_resource_type should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_learning_resource_type
A predicate for the "learning_resource_type" attribute.
license
A license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.
A license should be one of the following types:
_has_license
A predicate for the "license" attribute.
location_created
locationCreated
The location where the CreativeWork was created, which may not be the same as the location depicted in the CreativeWork.
A location_created should be one of the following types:
_has_location_created
A predicate for the "location_created" attribute.
main_entity
mainEntity
Indicates the primary entity described in some page or other CreativeWork.
A main_entity should be one of the following types:
_has_main_entity
A predicate for the "main_entity" attribute.
maintainer
A maintainer of a Dataset, software package (SoftwareApplication), or other Project. A maintainer is a Person or Organization that manages contributions to, and/or publication of, some (typically complex) artifact. It is common for distributions of software and data to be based on "upstream" sources. When maintainer is applied to a specific version of something e.g. a particular version or packaging of a Dataset, it is always possible that the upstream source has a different maintainer. The isBasedOn property can be used to indicate such relationships between datasets to make the different maintenance roles clear. Similarly in the case of software, a package may have dedicated maintainers working on integration into software distributions such as Ubuntu, as well as upstream maintainers of the underlying work.
A maintainer should be one of the following types:
_has_maintainer
A predicate for the "maintainer" attribute.
material
A material that something is made from, e.g. leather, wool, cotton, paper.
A material should be one of the following types:
_has_material
A predicate for the "material" attribute.
material_extent
materialExtent
The quantity of the materials being described or an expression of the physical space they occupy.
A material_extent should be one of the following types:
_has_material_extent
A predicate for the "material_extent" attribute.
mentions
Indicates that the CreativeWork contains a reference to, but is not necessarily about a concept.
A mentions should be one of the following types:
_has_mentions
A predicate for the "mentions" attribute.
offers
An offer to provide this item—for example, an offer to sell a product, rent the DVD of a movie, perform a service, or give away tickets to an event. Use businessFunction to indicate the kind of transaction offered, i.e. sell, lease, etc. This property can also be used to describe a Demand. While this property is listed as expected on a number of common types, it can be used in others. In that case, using a second type, such as Product or a subtype of Product, can clarify the nature of the offer.
A offers should be one of the following types:
_has_offers
A predicate for the "offers" attribute.
position
The position of an item in a series or sequence of items.
A position should be one of the following types:
_has_position
A predicate for the "position" attribute.
producer
The person or organization who produced the work (e.g. music album, movie, tv/radio series etc.).
A producer should be one of the following types:
_has_producer
A predicate for the "producer" attribute.
provider
The service provider, service operator, or service performer; the goods producer. Another party (a seller) may offer those services or goods on behalf of the provider. A provider may also serve as the seller.
A provider should be one of the following types:
_has_provider
A predicate for the "provider" attribute.
publication
A publication event associated with the item.
A publication should be one of the following types:
_has_publication
A predicate for the "publication" attribute.
publisher
The publisher of the creative work.
A publisher should be one of the following types:
_has_publisher
A predicate for the "publisher" attribute.
publisher_imprint
publisherImprint
The publishing division which published the comic.
A publisher_imprint should be one of the following types:
_has_publisher_imprint
A predicate for the "publisher_imprint" attribute.
publishing_principles
publishingPrinciples
The publishingPrinciples property indicates (typically via URL) a document
describing the editorial principles of an Organization (or individual e.g.
a Person writing a
blog) that relate to their activities as a publisher, e.g. ethics or
diversity policies. When applied to a CreativeWork (e.g. NewsArticle) the
principles are those of the party primarily responsible for the creation of
the CreativeWork.
While
such policies are most typically expressed in natural language, sometimes
related information (e.g. indicating a funder) can be expressed using
schema.org terminology.
A publishing_principles should be one of the following types:
_has_publishing_principles
A predicate for the "publishing_principles" attribute.
recorded_at
recordedAt
The Event where the CreativeWork was recorded. The CreativeWork may capture all or part of the event.
A recorded_at should be one of the following types:
_has_recorded_at
A predicate for the "recorded_at" attribute.
released_event
releasedEvent
The place and time the release was issued, expressed as a PublicationEvent.
A released_event should be one of the following types:
_has_released_event
A predicate for the "released_event" attribute.
review
A review of the item.
A review should be one of the following types:
_has_review
A predicate for the "review" attribute.
reviews
Review of the item.
A reviews should be one of the following types:
_has_reviews
A predicate for the "reviews" attribute.
schema_version
schemaVersion
Indicates (by URL or string) a particular version of a schema used in some CreativeWork. For example, a document could declare a schemaVersion using an URL such as http://schema.org/version/2.0/ if precise indication of schema version was required by some application.
A schema_version should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_schema_version
A predicate for the "schema_version" attribute.
sd_date_published
sdDatePublished
Indicates the date on which the current structured data was generated / published. Typically used alongside sdPublisher
A sd_date_published should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_sd_date_published
A predicate for the "sd_date_published" attribute.
sd_license
sdLicense
A license document that applies to this structured data, typically indicated by URL.
A sd_license should be one of the following types:
_has_sd_license
A predicate for the "sd_license" attribute.
sd_publisher
sdPublisher
Indicates the party responsible for generating and publishing the current structured data markup, typically in cases where the structured data is derived automatically from existing published content but published on a different site. For example, student projects and open data initiatives often re-publish existing content with more explicitly structured metadata. The sdPublisher property helps make such practices more explicit.
A sd_publisher should be one of the following types:
_has_sd_publisher
A predicate for the "sd_publisher" attribute.
source_organization
sourceOrganization
The Organization on whose behalf the creator was working.
A source_organization should be one of the following types:
_has_source_organization
A predicate for the "source_organization" attribute.
spatial
The "spatial" property can be used in cases when more specific properties (e.g. locationCreated, spatialCoverage, contentLocation) are not known to be appropriate.
A spatial should be one of the following types:
_has_spatial
A predicate for the "spatial" attribute.
spatial_coverage
spatialCoverage
The spatialCoverage of a CreativeWork indicates the place(s) which are the focus of the content. It is a subproperty of contentLocation intended primarily for more technical and detailed materials. For example with a Dataset, it indicates areas that the dataset describes: a dataset of New York weather would have spatialCoverage which was the place: the state of New York.
A spatial_coverage should be one of the following types:
_has_spatial_coverage
A predicate for the "spatial_coverage" attribute.
sponsor
A person or organization that supports a thing through a pledge, promise, or financial contribution. e.g. a sponsor of a Medical Study or a corporate sponsor of an event.
A sponsor should be one of the following types:
_has_sponsor
A predicate for the "sponsor" attribute.
temporal
The "temporal" property can be used in cases where more specific properties (e.g. temporalCoverage, dateCreated, dateModified, datePublished) are not known to be appropriate.
A temporal should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_temporal
A predicate for the "temporal" attribute.
temporal_coverage
temporalCoverage
The temporalCoverage of a CreativeWork indicates the period that the
content applies to, i.e. that it describes, either as a DateTime or as a
textual string indicating a time period in ISO 8601 time
interval format. In the case of a Dataset it will typically indicate
the relevant time period in a precise notation (e.g. for a 2011 census
dataset, the year 2011 would be written "2011/2012"). Other forms of
content e.g. ScholarlyArticle, Book, TVSeries or TVEpisode may indicate
their temporalCoverage in broader terms - textually or via well-known URL.
Written works such as books may sometimes have precise temporal coverage
too, e.g. a work set in 1939 - 1945 can be indicated in ISO 8601 interval
format format via "1939/1945".
Open-ended date ranges can be
written with ".." in place of the end date. For example, "2015-11/.."
indicates a range beginning in November 2015 and with no specified final
date. This is tentative and might be updated in future when ISO 8601 is
officially updated.
A temporal_coverage should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_temporal_coverage
A predicate for the "temporal_coverage" attribute.
text
The textual content of this CreativeWork.
A text should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_text
A predicate for the "text" attribute.
thumbnail_url
thumbnailUrl
A thumbnail image relevant to the Thing.
A thumbnail_url should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_thumbnail_url
A predicate for the "thumbnail_url" attribute.
time_required
timeRequired
Approximate or typical time it takes to work with or through this learning resource for the typical intended target audience, e.g. 'PT30M', 'PT1H25M'.
A time_required should be one of the following types:
_has_time_required
A predicate for the "time_required" attribute.
translation_of_work
translationOfWork
The work that this work has been translated from. e.g. 物ç§èµ·æº is a translationOf “On the Origin of Speciesâ€
A translation_of_work should be one of the following types:
_has_translation_of_work
A predicate for the "translation_of_work" attribute.
translator
Organization or person who adapts a creative work to different languages, regional differences and technical requirements of a target market, or that translates during some event.
A translator should be one of the following types:
_has_translator
A predicate for the "translator" attribute.
typical_age_range
typicalAgeRange
The typical expected age range, e.g. '7-9', '11-'.
A typical_age_range should be one of the following types:
Str
_has_typical_age_range
A predicate for the "typical_age_range" attribute.
usage_info
usageInfo
The schema.org usageInfo property indicates further
information about a CreativeWork. This property is
applicable both to works that are freely available and to those that
require payment or other transactions. It can reference additional
information e.g. community expectations on preferred linking and citation
conventions, as well as purchasing details. For something that can be
commercially licensed, usageInfo can provide detailed, resource-specific
information about licensing options.
This property can be used
alongside the license property which indicates license(s) applicable to
some piece of content. The usageInfo property can provide information about
other licensing options, e.g. acquiring commercial usage rights for an
image that is also available under non-commercial creative commons
licenses.
A usage_info should be one of the following types:
_has_usage_info
A predicate for the "usage_info" attribute.
version
The version of the CreativeWork embodied by a specified resource.
A version should be one of the following types:
NumStr
_has_version
A predicate for the "version" attribute.
video
An embedded video object.
A video should be one of the following types:
_has_video
A predicate for the "video" attribute.
work_example
workExample
Example/instance/realization/derivation of the concept of this creative work. eg. The paperback edition, first edition, or eBook.
A work_example should be one of the following types:
_has_work_example
A predicate for the "work_example" attribute.
work_translation
workTranslation
A work that is a translation of the content of this work. e.g. 西éŠè¨˜ has an English workTranslation “Journey to the Westâ€,a German workTranslation “Monkeys Pilgerfahrt†and a Vietnamese translation Tây du ký bình khảo.
A work_translation should be one of the following types:
_has_work_translation
A predicate for the "work_translation" attribute.
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
The development version is on github at https://github.com/robrwo/SemanticWeb-Schema and may be cloned from git://github.com/robrwo/SemanticWeb-Schema.git
BUGS
Please report any bugs or feature requests on the bugtracker website https://github.com/robrwo/SemanticWeb-Schema/issues
When submitting a bug or request, please include a test-file or a patch to an existing test-file that illustrates the bug or desired feature.
AUTHOR
Robert Rothenberg <rrwo@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is Copyright (c) 2018-2020 by Robert Rothenberg.
This is free software, licensed under:
The Artistic License 2.0 (GPL Compatible)