=head1 NAME Mail::Transport::IMAP4 - proxy to Mail::IMAPClient =head1 INHERITANCE Mail::Transport::IMAP4 is a Mail::Transport::Receive is a Mail::Transport is a Mail::Reporter =head1 SYNOPSIS my $imap = Mail::Transport::IMAP4->new(...); my $message = $imap->receive($id); $imap->send($message); =head1 DESCRIPTION The IMAP4 protocol is quite complicated: it is feature rich and allows verious asynchronous actions. The main document describing IMAP is rfc3501 (which obsoleted the original specification of protocol 4r1 in rfc2060 in March 2003). This package, as part of MailBox, does not implement the actual protocol itself but uses Mail::IMAPClient to do the work. The task for this package is to hide as many differences between that module's interface and the common MailBox folder types. Multiple L<Mail::Box::IMAP4|Mail::Box::IMAP4> folders can share one L<Mail::Transport::IMAP4|Mail::Transport::IMAP4> connection. The Mail::IMAPClient module is the best IMAP4 implementation for Perl5, but is not maintained. There are many known problems with the module, and solving those is outside the scope of MailBox. See F<http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=Mail-IMAPClient> for all the reported bugs. =head1 METHODS =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<url>() Represent this imap4 connection as URL. =back =head2 Constructors =over 4 =item Mail::Transport::IMAP4-E<gt>B<new>(OPTIONS) Create the IMAP connection to the server. IMAP servers can handle multiple folders for a single user, which means that connections may get shared. This is sharing is hidden for the user. When an C<imap_client> is specified, then the options C<hostname>, C<port>, C<username>, and C<password> are extracted from it. -Option --Defined in --Default authenticate 'AUTO' domain <server_name> executable Mail::Transport undef hostname Mail::Transport 'localhost' imap_client Mail::IMAPClient interval Mail::Transport 30 log Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS' password Mail::Transport undef port Mail::Transport 143 proxy Mail::Transport undef retry Mail::Transport <false> timeout Mail::Transport 120 trace Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS' username Mail::Transport undef via Mail::Transport 'imap' =over 2 =item authenticate => TYPE|ARRAY-OF-TYPES Authenthication method to L<login()|Mail::Transport::IMAP4/"Protocol [internals]">, which will be passed to L<Mail::IMAPClient> method authenticate(). See the latter method for the available types. =item domain => WINDOWS_DOMAIN Used for NTLM authentication. =item executable => FILENAME =item hostname => HOSTNAME|ARRAY-OF-HOSTNAMES =item imap_client => OBJECT|CLASS When an OBJECT is supplied, that client will be used for the implementation of the IMAP4 protocol. Information about server and such are extracted from the OBJECT to have the accessors to produce correct results. The OBJECT shall be a L<Mail::IMAPClient|Mail::IMAPClient>. When a CLASS is given, an object of that type is created for you. The created object can be retreived via L<imapClient()|Mail::Transport::IMAP4/"Protocol [internals]">, and than configured as defined by L<Mail::IMAPClient|Mail::IMAPClient>. =item interval => SECONDS =item log => LEVEL =item password => STRING =item port => INTEGER =item proxy => PATH =item retry => NUMBER|undef =item timeout => SECONDS =item trace => LEVEL =item username => STRING =item via => CLASS|NAME =back =back =head2 Receiving mail =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<receive>([UNIQUE-MESSAGE-ID]) See L<Mail::Transport::Receive/"Receiving mail"> =back =head2 Server connection =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<findBinary>(NAME [, DIRECTORIES]) See L<Mail::Transport/"Server connection"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<remoteHost>() See L<Mail::Transport/"Server connection"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<retry>() See L<Mail::Transport/"Server connection"> =back =head2 Attributes =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<authentication>(['AUTO'|TYPE|LIST-OF-TYPES]) Returned is a list of pairs (ref arrays) each describing one possible way to contact the server. Each pair contains a mechanism name and a challenge callback (which may be C<undef>). The settings are used by L<login()|Mail::Transport::IMAP4/"Protocol [internals]"> to get server access. The initial value origins from L<new(authenticate)|Mail::Transport::IMAP4/"METHODS">, but may be changed later. Available basic TYPES are C<CRAM-MD5>, C<NTLM>, and C<PLAIN>. With C<AUTO>, all available types will be tried. When the Authen::NTLM is not installed, the C<NTLM> option will silently be skipped. Be warned that, because of C<PLAIN>, erroneous username/password combinations will be passed readible as last attempt! The C<NTLM> authentication requires Authen::NTLM to be installed. Other methods may be added later. Besides, you may also specify a CODE reference which implements some authentication. An ARRAY as TYPE can be used to specify both mechanism as callback. When no array is used, callback of the pair is set to C<undef>. See L<Mail::IMAPClient/authenticate> for the gory details. example: $transporter->authentication('CRAM-MD5', [MY_AUTH => \&c], 'PLAIN'); foreach my $pair ($transporter->authentication) { my ($mechanism, $challange) = @$pair; ... } =item $obj-E<gt>B<domain>([DOMAIN]) Used in NTLM authentication to define the Windows domain which is accessed. Initially set by L<new(domain)|Mail::Transport::IMAP4/"METHODS"> and defaults to the server's name. =back =head2 Exchanging Information =head2 Protocol [internals] The follow methods handle protocol internals, and should not be used by a normal user of this class. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<appendMessage>(MESSAGE, FOLDERNAME) Write the message to the server. =item $obj-E<gt>B<createFolder>(NAME) Add a folder. =item $obj-E<gt>B<createImapClient>(CLASS) Create an object of CLASS, which extends L<Mail::IMAPClient>. =item $obj-E<gt>B<currentFolder>([FOLDERNAME]) Be sure that the specific FOLDER is the current one selected. If the folder is already selected, no IMAP traffic will be produced. The boolean return value indicates whether the folder is selectable. It will return undef if it does not exist. =item $obj-E<gt>B<deleteFolder>(NAME) Remove one folder. =item $obj-E<gt>B<destroyDeleted>(FOLDER) Command the server to delete for real all messages which are flagged to be deleted. =item $obj-E<gt>B<fetch>(ARRAY-OF-MESSAGES, INFO) Get some INFO about the MESSAGES from the server. The specified messages shall extend L<Mail::Box::Net::Message|Mail::Box::Net::Message>, Returned is a list of hashes, each info about one result. The contents of the hash differs per INFO, but at least a C<message> field will be present, to relate to the message in question. The right folder should be selected before this method is called. When the connection was lost, C<undef> is returned. Without any messages, and empty array is returned. The retrieval is done by L<Mail::IMAPClient|Mail::IMAPClient> method C<fetch()>, which is then parsed. =item $obj-E<gt>B<flagsToLabels>(WHAT|FLAGS) =item Mail::Transport::IMAP4-E<gt>B<flagsToLabels>(WHAT|FLAGS) In SCALAR context, a hash with labels is returned. In LIST context, pairs are returned. The WHAT parameter can be C<'SET'>, C<'CLEAR'>, or C<'REPLACE'>. With the latter, all standard imap flags do not appear in the list will be ignored: their value may either by set or cleared. See L<getFlags()|Mail::Transport::IMAP4/"Protocol [internals]"> Unknown flags in LIST are stripped from their backslash and lower-cased. For instance, '\SomeWeirdFlag' will become `someweirdflag => 1'. example: translating IMAP4 flags into MailBox flags my @flags = ('\Seen', '\Flagged'); my $labels = Mail::Transport::IMAP4->flags2labels(SET => @flags); =item $obj-E<gt>B<folders>([FOLDERNAME]) Returns a list of folder names which are sub-folders of the specified FOLDERNAME. Without FOLDERNAME, the top-level foldernames are returned. =item $obj-E<gt>B<getFields>(UID, NAME, [NAME, ...]) Get the records with the specified NAMES from the header. The header fields are returned as list of L<Mail::Message::Field::Fast|Mail::Message::Field::Fast> objects. When the name is C<ALL>, the whole header is returned. =item $obj-E<gt>B<getFlags>(FOLDER, ID) Returns the values of all flags which are related to the message with the specified ID. These flags are translated into the names which are standard for the MailBox suite. A HASH is returned. Names which do not appear will also provide a value in the returned: the negative for the value is it was present. =item $obj-E<gt>B<getMessageAsString>(MESSAGE|UID) Returns the whole text of the specified message: the head and the body. =item $obj-E<gt>B<ids>() Returns a list of UIDs which are defined by the IMAP server. =item $obj-E<gt>B<imapClient>() Returns the object which implements the IMAP4 protocol, an instance of a Mail::IMAPClient, which is logged-in and ready to use. If the contact to the server was still present or could be established, an Mail::IMAPClient object is returned. Else, C<undef> is returned and no further actions should be tried on the object. =item $obj-E<gt>B<labelsToFlags>(HASH|PAIRS) =item Mail::Transport::IMAP4-E<gt>B<labelsToFlags>(HASH|PAIRS) Convert MailBox labels into IMAP flags. Returned is a string. Unsupported labels are ignored. =item $obj-E<gt>B<listFlags>() Returns all predefined flags as list. =item $obj-E<gt>B<login>() Establish a new connection to the IMAP4 server, using username and password. =item $obj-E<gt>B<setFlags>(ID, LABEL, VALUE, [LABEL, VALUE], ...) Change the flags on the message which are represented by the label. The value which can be related to the label will be lost, because IMAP only defines a boolean value, where MailBox labels can contain strings. Returned is a list of LABEL=>VALUE pairs which could not be send to the IMAP server. These values may be cached in a different way. =back =head2 Error handling =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<AUTOLOAD>() See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<addReport>(OBJECT) See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<defaultTrace>([LEVEL]|[LOGLEVEL, TRACELEVEL]|[LEVEL, CALLBACK]) =item Mail::Transport::IMAP4-E<gt>B<defaultTrace>([LEVEL]|[LOGLEVEL, TRACELEVEL]|[LEVEL, CALLBACK]) See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<errors>() See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<log>([LEVEL [,STRINGS]]) =item Mail::Transport::IMAP4-E<gt>B<log>([LEVEL [,STRINGS]]) See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<logPriority>(LEVEL) =item Mail::Transport::IMAP4-E<gt>B<logPriority>(LEVEL) See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<logSettings>() See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<notImplemented>() See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<report>([LEVEL]) See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<reportAll>([LEVEL]) See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<trace>([LEVEL]) See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<warnings>() See L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =back =head2 Cleanup =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<DESTROY>() The connection is cleanly terminated when the program is terminated. =item $obj-E<gt>B<inGlobalDestruction>() See L<Mail::Reporter/"Cleanup"> =back =head1 DIAGNOSTICS =over 4 =item Error: Cannot connect to $host:$port for IMAP4: $! =item Error: IMAP cannot connect to $host: $@ =item Notice: IMAP4 authenication $mechanism to $host:$port successful =item Error: IMAP4 requires a username and password =item Error: IMAP4 username $username requires a password =item Error: Package $package does not implement $method. Fatal error: the specific package (or one of its superclasses) does not implement this method where it should. This message means that some other related classes do implement this method however the class at hand does not. Probably you should investigate this and probably inform the author of the package. =back =head1 SEE ALSO This module is part of Mail-Box distribution version 2.104, built on April 23, 2012. Website: F<http://perl.overmeer.net/mailbox/> =head1 LICENSE Copyrights 2001-2012 by [Mark Overmeer]. For other contributors see ChangeLog. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. See F<http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html>