NAME

Mail::Message::Body::Multipart - body of a message with attachments

INHERITANCE

Mail::Message::Body::Multipart
  is a Mail::Message::Body
  is a Mail::Reporter

SYNOPSIS

See Mail::Message::Body

if($body->isMultipart) {
   my @attachments = $body->parts;
   my $attachment3 = $body->part(2);
   my $before      = $body->preamble;
   my $after       = $body->epilogue;
   $body->part(1)->delete;
}

DESCRIPTION

The body (content) of a message can be stored in various ways. In this manual-page you find the description of extra functionality you have when a message contains attachments (parts).

The number of multipart alternatives is growing. A full list is maintained by IANA af https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml#multipart

multipart/mixed
multipart/alternative
multipart/related
multipart/report, RFC6522
multipart/signed, RFC1847
multipart/encrypted
multipart/multilingual, RFC8255 (unused)

Extends "DESCRIPTION" in Mail::Message::Body.

OVERLOADED

Extends "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Body.

overload: "" stringification: Inherited, see "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Body
overload: '==' numerical comparison: Inherited, see "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Body
overload: @{} addressed as array: Inherited, see "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Body
overload: bool true/false: Inherited, see "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Body

METHODS

Extends "METHODS" in Mail::Message::Body.

Constructors

Extends "Constructors" in Mail::Message::Body.

$obj->clone()

Inherited, see "Constructors" in Mail::Message::Body

$class->new(%options)

Inherited, see "Constructors" in Mail::Message::Body

-Option           --Defined in         --Default
 based_on           Mail::Message::Body  undef
 boundary                                undef
 charset            Mail::Message::Body  'PERL'
 checked            Mail::Message::Body  false
 content_id         Mail::Message::Body  undef
 data               Mail::Message::Body  undef
 description        Mail::Message::Body  undef
 disposition        Mail::Message::Body  undef
 eol                Mail::Message::Body  'NATIVE'
 epilogue                                ''
 file               Mail::Message::Body  undef
 filename           Mail::Message::Body  undef
 language           Mail::Message::Body  undef
 log                Mail::Reporter       'WARNINGS'
 message            Mail::Message::Body  undef
 mime_type          Mail::Message::Body  'multipart/mixed'
 modified           Mail::Message::Body  <C<false>>
 parts                                   undef
 preamble                                undef
 trace              Mail::Reporter       'WARNINGS'
 transfer_encoding  Mail::Message::Body  'none'

based_on => BODY

boundary => $separator

The $separator string to be used between parts of the message. This separator must be unique in case the message contains nested multiparts (which are not unusual). If undef, a nice unique boundary will be generated.

charset => CHARSET|'PERL'|<undef>

checked => BOOLEAN

content_id => STRING

data => ARRAY-OF-LINES | STRING

description => STRING|FIELD

disposition => STRING|FIELD

eol => 'CR'|'LF'|'CRLF'|'NATIVE'

epilogue => $body|$text

The text which is included in the main body after the final boundary. This is usually empty, and has no meaning.

Provide a $body object or plain $text (which will automatically translated into a text/plain body).

file => FILENAME|FILEHANDLE|IOHANDLE

filename => FILENAME

language => STRING|ARRAY|LIST|FIELD

log => LEVEL

message => MESSAGE

mime_type => STRING|FIELD|MIME

modified => BOOLEAN

parts => [$message, $body, ...]

Specifies an initial list of parts in this body. These may be full $message objects, or $body objects which will be transformed into messages before use. Each message is coerced into a Mail::Message::Part object.

MIME::Entity and Mail::Internet objects are acceptable in the list, because they are coercible into Mail::Message::Part's. Values of undef will be skipped silently.

preamble => $body|$text

The $text which is included in the body before the first part. It is common use to include a text to warn the user that the message is a multipart. However, this was useful in earlier days: most mail agents are very capable in warning the user themselves.

Provide a $body object or plain $text (which will automatically translated into a text/plain body).

trace => LEVEL

transfer_encoding => STRING|FIELD

» example:

my $intro = Mail::Message::Body->new(data => ['part one']);
my $pgp   = Mail::Message::Body->new(data => ['part three']);

my $body  = Mail::Message::Body::Multipart->new(
  boundary => time . '--it-s-mine',
  preamble => "This is a multi-part message in MIME format.\n\n",
  parts    => [ $intro, $folder->message(3)->decoded, $pgp ],
);

Attributes

Extends "Attributes" in Mail::Message::Body.

$obj->charsetDetectAlgorithm( [CODE|undef|METHOD] ): Inherited, see "Attributes" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
$obj->logSettings(): Inherited, see "Attributes" in Mail::Reporter

Constructing a body

Extends "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body.

$obj->attach($messages|$bodies)

Attach a list of $messages to this multipart. A new body is returned. When you specify $bodies, they will first be translated into real messages. MIME::Entity and Mail::Internet objects may be specified too. In any case, the parts will be coerced into Mail::Message::Part's. Improves base, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Construct

$obj->charsetDetect(%options)

Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode

$obj->check()

Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode

$obj->concatenate(@components)

Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Construct

$obj->decoded(%options)

Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body

$obj->encode(%options)

Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode

$obj->encoded(%options)

Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode

$obj->eol( ['CR'|'LF'|'CRLF'|'NATIVE'] )

Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode

$obj->foreachComponent(CODE)

Execute the CODE for each component of the message: the preamble, the epilogue, and each of the parts.

Each component is a body and is passed as second argument to the CODE. The first argument is a reference to this multi-parted body. The CODE returns a body object. When any of the returned bodies differs from the body which was passed, then a new multi-part body will be returned. Reference to the not-changed bodies and the changed bodies will be included in that new multi-part.

» example:

my $checked = $multi->foreachComponent(sub {$_[1]->check});

$obj->foreachLine((CODE))

It is NOT possible to call some code for each line of a multipart, because that would not only inflict damage to the body of each message part, but also to the headers and the part separators. Improves base, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Construct

$obj->stripSignature(%options)

Removes all parts which contains data usually defined as being signature. The MIME::Type module provides this knowledge. A new multipart is returned, containing the remaining parts. No %options are defined yet, although some may be specified, because this method overrules the stripSignature method for normal bodies. Improves base, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Construct

-Option     --Defined in                    --Default
 max_lines    Mail::Message::Body::Construct  10
 pattern      Mail::Message::Body::Construct  qr/^--\s?$/
 result_type  Mail::Message::Body::Construct  <same as current>

max_lines => INTEGER|undef
pattern => REGEX|STRING|CODE
result_type => CLASS

$obj->unify($body)

Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode

The body

Extends "The body" in Mail::Message::Body.

$obj->isDelayed(): Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->isMultipart(): Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->isNested(): Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->message( [$message] ): Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->partNumberOf($part): Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message::Body

About the payload

Extends "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body.

$obj->charset(): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->checked( [BOOLEAN] ): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->contentId( [STRING|$field] ): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->description( [STRING|$field] ): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->disposition( [STRING|$field] ): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->dispositionFilename( [$directory] ): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
$obj->isBinary(): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
$obj->isText(): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
$obj->language( [@langs|\@langs|$langs|$field] ): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->mimeType(): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->nrLines(): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->size(): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->transferEncoding( [STRING|$field] ): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->type( [STRING|$field] ): Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body

Access to the payload

Extends "Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body.

$obj->boundary( [STRING] )

Returns the boundary which is used to separate the parts in this body. If none was read from file, then one will be assigned. With STRING you explicitly set the boundary to be used.

$obj->endsOnNewline()

Inherited, see "Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body

$obj->epilogue()

Returns the epilogue; the text after the last message part (after the last real attachment). The epilogue is stored in a BODY object, and its encoding is taken from the general multipart header.

$obj->file()

Inherited, see "Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body

$obj->lines()

Inherited, see "Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body

$obj->part($index)

Returns only the part with the specified $index. You may use a negative value here, which counts from the back in the list. Parts which are flagged to be deleted are included in the count.

» example:

$message->body->part(2)->print;
$body->part(1)->delete;

$obj->parts( [<'ALL'|'ACTIVE'|'DELETED'|'RECURSE'|$filter>] )

Return all parts by default, or when ALL is specified. ACTIVE returns the parts which are not flagged for deletion, as opposite to DELETED. RECURSE descents into all nested multiparts to collect all parts.

You may also specify a code reference which is called for each nested part. The first argument will be the message part. When the code returns true, the part is incorporated in the return list.

» example:

print "Number of attachments: ",
   scalar $message->body->parts('ACTIVE');

foreach my $part ($message->body->parts) {
   print "Type: ", $part->get('Content-Type');
}

$obj->preamble()

Returns the preamble; the text before the first message part (before the first real attachment). The preamble is stored in a BODY object, and its encoding is taken from the multipart header.

$obj->print( [$fh] )

Inherited, see "Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body

$obj->printEscapedFrom($fh)

Inherited, see "Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body

$obj->string()

Inherited, see "Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body

$obj->stripTrailingNewline()

Inherited, see "Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body

$obj->write(%options)

Inherited, see "Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body

Internals

Extends "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body.

$any->addTransferEncHandler( $name, <$class|$object> ): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
$obj->contentInfoFrom($head): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->contentInfoTo($head): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->fileLocation( [$begin, $end] ): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->getTransferEncHandler($type): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
$obj->isModified(): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->load(): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->modified( [$flag] ): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->moveLocation( [$distance] ): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->read( $parser, $head, $bodytype, [$chars, [$lines]] ): Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body

Error handling

Extends "Error handling" in Mail::Message::Body.

$obj->AUTOLOAD(): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Message::Body
$obj->addReport($object): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$any->defaultTrace( [$level]|[$loglevel, $tracelevel]|[$level, $callback] ): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->errors(): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$any->log( [$level, [$strings]] ): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$any->logPriority($level): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->notImplemented(): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->report( [$level] ): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->reportAll( [$level] ): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->trace( [$level] ): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->warnings(): Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

Cleanup

Extends "Cleanup" in Mail::Message::Body.

$obj->DESTROY(): Inherited, see "Cleanup" in Mail::Reporter

DETAILS

Extends "DETAILS" in Mail::Message::Body.

DIAGNOSTICS

Warning: Charset $name is not known: The encoding or decoding of a message body encounters a character set which is not understood by Perl's Encode module. Cast by encode()
Warning: Content-Transfer-Encoding `$encoding' requires explicit charset, defaulted to utf-8: Cast by encode()
Error: Data not convertible to a message (type is $type): An object which is not coercable into a Mail::Message::Part object was passed to the initiation. The data is ignored. Cast by new()
Warning: No decoder defined for transfer encoding $name.: The data (message body) is encoded in a way which is not currently understood, therefore no decoding (or recoding) can take place. Cast by encode()
Warning: No encoder defined for transfer encoding $name.: The data (message body) has been decoded, but the required encoding is unknown. The decoded data is returned. Cast by encode()
Error: Package $package does not implement $method.: Fatal error: the specific package (or one of its superclasses) does not implement this method where it should. This message means that some other related classes do implement this method however the class at hand does not. Probably you should investigate this and probably inform the author of the package. Cast by notImplemented()
Error: Unknown criterium $what to select parts.: Valid choices for part selections are ALL, ACTIVE, DELETED, RECURSE or a code reference. However, some other argument was passed. Cast by parts()
Warning: Unknown line terminator $eol ignored: Cast by eol()
Error: You cannot use foreachLine on a multipart: foreachLine() should be used on decoded message bodies only, because it would attempt to modify part-headers and separators as well, which is clearly not acceptable. Cast by foreachLine()

LICENSE

For contributors see file ChangeLog.

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.

To install Mail::Message, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.

cpanm

cpanm Mail::Message

CPAN shell

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Mail::Message

For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.

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NAME

INHERITANCE

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OVERLOADED

METHODS

Constructors

Attributes

Constructing a body

The body

About the payload

Access to the payload

Internals

Error handling

Cleanup

DETAILS

DIAGNOSTICS

SEE ALSO

LICENSE

Module Install Instructions