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Mojolicious-4.0
River stage four • 995 direct dependents • 1115 total dependents
/ Mojo::Template

NAME

Mojo::Template - Perl-ish templates!

SYNOPSIS

use Mojo::Template;
my $mt = Mojo::Template->new;

# Simple
my $output = $mt->render(<<'EOF');
% use Time::Piece;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head><title>Simple</title></head>
  % my $now = localtime;
  <body>Time: <%= $now->hms %></body>
</html>
EOF
say $output;

# More advanced
my $output = $mt->render(<<'EOF', 23, 'foo bar');
% my ($num, $text) = @_;
%= 5 * 5
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head><title>More advanced</title></head>
  <body>
    test 123
    foo <% my $i = $num + 2; %>
    % for (1 .. 23) {
    * some text <%= $i++ %>
    % }
  </body>
</html>
EOF
say $output;

DESCRIPTION

Mojo::Template is a minimalistic and very Perl-ish template engine, designed specifically for all those small tasks that come up during big projects. Like preprocessing a configuration file, generating text from heredocs and stuff like that.

See Mojolicious::Guides::Rendering for information on how to generate content with the Mojolicious renderer.

SYNTAX

For all templates strict, warnings, utf8 and Perl 5.10 features are automatically enabled.

<% Perl code %>
<%= Perl expression, replaced with result %>
<%== Perl expression, replaced with XML escaped result %>
<%# Comment, useful for debugging %>
<%% Replaced with "<%", useful for generating templates %>
% Perl code line, treated as "<% line =%>"
%= Perl expression line, treated as "<%= line %>"
%== Perl expression line, treated as "<%== line %>"
%# Comment line, useful for debugging
%% Replaced with "%", useful for generating templates

Escaping behavior can be reversed with the auto_escape attribute, this is the default in Mojolicious .ep templates for example.

<%= Perl expression, replaced with XML escaped result %>
<%== Perl expression, replaced with result %>

Mojo::ByteStream objects are always excluded from automatic escaping.

% use Mojo::ByteStream 'b';
<%= b('<div>excluded!</div>') %>

Newline characters can be escaped with a backslash.

This is <%= 1 + 1 %> a\
single line

And a backslash in front of a newline character can be escaped with another backslash.

This will <%= 1 + 1 %> result\\
in multiple\\
lines

Whitespace characters around tags can be trimmed with a special tag ending.

<%= All whitespace characters around this expression will be trimmed =%>

You can capture whole template blocks for reuse later with the begin and end keywords.

<% my $block = begin %>
  <% my $name = shift; =%>
  Hello <%= $name %>.
<% end %>
<%= $block->('Baerbel') %>
<%= $block->('Wolfgang') %>

Perl lines can also be indented freely.

% my $block = begin
  % my $name = shift;
  Hello <%= $name %>.
% end
%= $block->('Baerbel')
%= $block->('Wolfgang')

Mojo::Template templates get compiled to a Perl subroutine, that means you can access arguments simply via @_.

% my ($foo, $bar) = @_;
% my $x = shift;
test 123 <%= $foo %>

The compilation of templates to Perl code can make debugging a bit tricky, but Mojo::Template will return Mojo::Exception objects that stringify to error messages with context.

Bareword "xx" not allowed while "strict subs" in use at template line 4.
2: </head>
3: <body>
4: % my $i = 2; xx
5: %= $i * 2
6: </body>

ATTRIBUTES

Mojo::Template implements the following attributes.

auto_escape

my $escape = $mt->auto_escape;
$mt        = $mt->auto_escape(1);

Activate automatic escaping.

append

my $code = $mt->append;
$mt      = $mt->append('warn "Processed template"');

Append Perl code to compiled template. Note that this code should not contain newline characters, or line numbers in error messages might end up being wrong.

capture_end

my $end = $mt->capture_end;
$mt     = $mt->capture_end('end');

Keyword indicating the end of a capture block, defaults to end.

<% my $block = begin %>
  Some data!
<% end %>

capture_start

my $start = $mt->capture_start;
$mt       = $mt->capture_start('begin');

Keyword indicating the start of a capture block, defaults to begin.

<% my $block = begin %>
  Some data!
<% end %>

code

my $code = $mt->code;
$mt      = $mt->code($code);

Perl code for template.

comment_mark

my $mark = $mt->comment_mark;
$mt      = $mt->comment_mark('#');

Character indicating the start of a comment, defaults to #.

<%# This is a comment %>

compiled

my $compiled = $mt->compiled;
$mt          = $mt->compiled($compiled);

Compiled template code.

encoding

my $encoding = $mt->encoding;
$mt          = $mt->encoding('UTF-8');

Encoding used for template files.

escape

my $cb = $mt->escape;
$mt    = $mt->escape(sub { reverse $_[0] });

A callback used to escape the results of escaped expressions, defaults to "xml_escape" in Mojo::Util.

escape_mark

my $mark = $mt->escape_mark;
$mt      = $mt->escape_mark('=');

Character indicating the start of an escaped expression, defaults to =.

<%== $foo %>

expression_mark

my $mark = $mt->expression_mark;
$mt      = $mt->expression_mark('=');

Character indicating the start of an expression, defaults to =.

<%= $foo %>

line_start

my $start = $mt->line_start;
$mt       = $mt->line_start('%');

Character indicating the start of a code line, defaults to %.

% $foo = 23;

name

my $name = $mt->name;
$mt      = $mt->name('foo.mt');

Name of template currently being processed, defaults to template. Note that this value should not contain quotes or newline characters, or error messages might end up being wrong.

namespace

my $namespace = $mt->namespace;
$mt           = $mt->namespace('main');

Namespace used to compile templates, defaults to Mojo::Template::SandBox. Note that namespaces should only be shared very carefully between templates, since functions and global variables will not be cleared automatically.

prepend

my $code = $mt->prepend;
$mt      = $mt->prepend('my $self = shift;');

Prepend Perl code to compiled template. Note that this code should not contain newline characters, or line numbers in error messages might end up being wrong.

replace_mark

my $mark = $mt->replace_mark;
$mt      = $mt->replace_mark('%');

Character used for escaping the start of a tag or line, defaults to %.

<%% my $foo = 23; %>

tag_start

my $start = $mt->tag_start;
$mt       = $mt->tag_start('<%');

Characters indicating the start of a tag, defaults to <%.

<% $foo = 23; %>

tag_end

my $end = $mt->tag_end;
$mt     = $mt->tag_end('%>');

Characters indicating the end of a tag, defaults to %>.

<%= $foo %>

template

my $template = $mt->template;
$mt          = $mt->template($template);

Raw template.

tree

my $tree = $mt->tree;
$mt      = $mt->tree($tree);

Parsed tree.

trim_mark

my $mark = $mt->trim_mark;
$mt      = $mt->trim_mark('-');

Character activating automatic whitespace trimming, defaults to =.

<%= $foo =%>

METHODS

Mojo::Template inherits all methods from Mojo::Base and implements the following new ones.

build

$mt = $mt->build;

Build Perl code from tree.

compile

my $exception = $mt->compile;

Compile Perl code for template.

interpret

my $output = $mt->interpret;
my $output = $mt->interpret(@args);

Interpret compiled template code.

# Reuse template
say $mt->render('Hello <%= $_[0] %>!', 'Bender');
say $mt->interpret('Fry');
say $mt->interpret('Leela');

parse

$mt = $mt->parse($template);

Parse template into tree.

render

my $output = $mt->render($template);
my $output = $mt->render($template, @args);

Render template.

say $mt->render('Hello <%= $_[0] %>!', 'Bender');

render_file

my $output = $mt->render_file('/tmp/foo.mt');
my $output = $mt->render_file('/tmp/foo.mt', @args);

Render template file.

DEBUGGING

You can set the MOJO_TEMPLATE_DEBUG environment variable to get some advanced diagnostics information printed to STDERR.

MOJO_TEMPLATE_DEBUG=1

SEE ALSO

Mojolicious, Mojolicious::Guides, http://mojolicio.us.