/ 
Regex-Common-v1.0.0
River stage zero No dependents
/ Regex::Common::net

NAME

Regex::Common::net -- provide regexes for IPv4, IPv6, and MAC addresses.

SYNOPSIS

use Regex::Common qw /net/;

while (<>) {
    /$RE{net}{IPv4}/       and print "Dotted decimal IP address";
    /$RE{net}{IPv4}{hex}/  and print "Dotted hexadecimal IP address";
    /$RE{net}{IPv4}{oct}{-sep => ':'}/ and
                           print "Colon separated octal IP address";
    /$RE{net}{IPv4}{bin}/  and print "Dotted binary IP address";
    /$RE{net}{MAC}/        and print "MAC address";
    /$RE{net}{MAC}{oct}{-sep => " "}/ and
                           print "Space separated octal MAC address";
}

DESCRIPTION

Please consult the manual of Regex::Common for a general description of the works of this interface.

Do not use this module directly, but load it via Regex::Common.

This modules gives you regular expressions for various style IPv4, IPv6, and MAC (or ethernet) addresses.

$RE{net}{IPv4}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid IP address in "dotted decimal". Note that while 318.99.183.11 is not a valid IP address, it does match /$RE{net}{IPv4}/, but this is because 318.99.183.11 contains a valid IP address, namely 18.99.183.11. To prevent the unwanted matching, one needs to anchor the regexp: /^$RE{net}{IPv4}$/.

For this pattern and the next four, under -keep (See Regex::Common):

$1

captures the entire match

$2

captures the first component of the address

$3

captures the second component of the address

$4

captures the third component of the address

$5

captures the final component of the address

$RE{net}{IPv4}{dec}{-sep}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid IP address in "dotted decimal". Leading 0s are allowed, as long as each component does not exceed 3 digits.

If -sep=P is specified the pattern P is used as the separator. By default P is qr/[.]/.

$RE{net}{IPv4}{strict}{-sep}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid IP address in "dotted decimal", but disallow any leading 0s.

If -sep=P is specified the pattern P is used as the separator. By default P is qr/[.]/.

$RE{net}{IPv4}{hex}{-sep}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid IP address in "dotted hexadecimal", with the letters A to F capitalized.

If -sep=P is specified the pattern P is used as the separator. By default P is qr/[.]/. -sep="" and -sep=" " are useful alternatives.

$RE{net}{IPv4}{oct}{-sep}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid IP address in "dotted octal"

If -sep=P is specified the pattern P is used as the separator. By default P is qr/[.]/.

$RE{net}{IPv4}{bin}{-sep}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid IP address in "dotted binary"

If -sep=P is specified the pattern P is used as the separator. By default P is qr/[.]/.

$RE{net}{MAC}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid MAC or ethernet address as colon separated hexadecimals.

For this pattern, and the next four, under -keep (See Regex::Common):

$1

captures the entire match

$2

captures the first component of the address

$3

captures the second component of the address

$4

captures the third component of the address

$5

captures the fourth component of the address

$6

captures the fifth component of the address

$7

captures the sixth and final component of the address

This pattern, and the next four, have a subs method as well, which will transform a matching MAC address into so called canonical format. Canonical format means that every component of the address will be exactly two hexadecimals (with a leading zero if necessary), and the components will be separated by a colon.

$RE{net}{MAC}{dec}{-sep}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid MAC address as colon separated decimals.

If -sep=P is specified the pattern P is used as the separator. By default P is qr/:/.

$RE{net}{MAC}{hex}{-sep}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid MAC address as colon separated hexadecimals, with the letters a to f in lower case.

If -sep=P is specified the pattern P is used as the separator. By default P is qr/:/.

$RE{net}{MAC}{oct}{-sep}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid MAC address as colon separated octals.

If -sep=P is specified the pattern P is used as the separator. By default P is qr/:/.

$RE{net}{MAC}{bin}{-sep}

Returns a pattern that matches a valid MAC address as colon separated binary numbers.

If -sep=P is specified the pattern P is used as the separator. By default P is qr/:/.

$RE{net}{IPv6}{-sep => ':'}{-style => 'HeX'}

Returns a pattern matching IPv6 numbers. An IPv6 address consists of eight groups of four hexadecimal digits, separated by colons. In each group, leading zeros may be omitted. Two or more consecutive groups consisting of only zeros may be omitted (including any colons separating them), resulting into two sets of groups, separated by a double colon. (Each of the groups may be empty; :: is a valid address, equal to 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000). The hex numbers may be in either case.

If the -sep option is used, its argument is a pattern that matches the separator that separates groups. This defaults to :. The -style option is used to denote which case the hex numbers may be. The default style, 'HeX' indicates both lower case letters 'a' to 'f' and upper case letters 'A' to 'F' will be matched. The style 'HEX' restricts matching to upper case letters, and 'hex' only matches lower case letters.

If {-keep} is used, $1 to $9 will be set. $1 will be set to the matched address, while $2 to $9 will be set to each matched group. If a group is omitted because it contains all zeros, its matching variable will be the empty string.

Example:

"2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334" =~ /$RE{net}{IPv6}{-keep}/;
print $2;    # '2001'
print $4;    # '85a3'
print $6;    # Empty string
print $8;    # '370'

Perl 5.10 (or later) is required for this pattern.

$RE{net}{domain}

Returns a pattern to match domains (and hosts) as defined in RFC 1035. Under I{-keep} only the entire domain name is returned.

RFC 1035 says that a single space can be a domainname too. So, the pattern returned by $RE{net}{domain} recognizes a single space as well. This is not always what people want. If you want to recognize domainnames, but not a space, you can do one of two things, either use

/(?! )$RE{net}{domain}/

or use the {-nospace} option (without an argument).

RFC 1035 does not allow host or domain names to start with a digits; however, this restriction is relaxed in RFC 1101; this RFC allows host and domain names to start with a digit, as long as the first part of a domain does not look like an IP address. If the {-rfc1101} option is given (as in $RE {net} {domain} {-rfc1101}), we will match using the relaxed rules.

REFERENCES

RFC 1035

Mockapetris, P.: DOMAIN NAMES - IMPLEMENTATION AND SPECIFICATION. November 1987.

RFC 1101

Mockapetris, P.: DNS Encoding of Network Names and Other Types. April 1987.

SEE ALSO

Regex::Common for a general description of how to use this interface.

AUTHOR

Alceu Rodrigues de Freitas Junior <glasswalk3r@yahoo.com.br>

LICENSE and COPYRIGHT

This software is copyright (c) 2024 of Alceu Rodrigues de Freitas Junior, glasswalk3r at yahoo.com.br

This file is part of regex-common project.

regex-commonis free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

regex-common is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with regex-common. If not, see (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/).

The original project [Regex::Common](https://metacpan.org/pod/Regex::Common) is licensed through the MIT License, copyright (c) Damian Conway (damian@cs.monash.edu.au) and Abigail (regexp-common@abigail.be).