Data::Object

Development Framework

package User;

use Data::Object 'Class';

extends 'Identity';

has 'fname';
has 'lname';

1;

This package aims to provide a modern Perl development framework and foundational set of types, functions, classes, patterns, and interfaces for jump-starting application development. This package inherits all behavior from Data::Object::Config, and offers the same functionality as the Do package. Please see that documentation to learn more, or get started quickly by reviewing basic usage, configurations, the overview, and the project wiki.

+=head1 OVERVIEW

The following describes this distribution in a few key points:

+=over 4

+=item *

It enables advanced object-orientation

+=item *

It provides a pluggable standard library (of sorts)

+=item *

It enables sane defaults on import (strict, warnings, say, etc)

+=item *

It enables calling methods on native data types

+=item *

It enables type-constrainable class attributes and subroutine signatures

+=item *

It enables user-defined type libraries with simple syntax

+=item *

It's all modular; i.e. use as much, or as little, as is needed

+=back

+=head1 CONVENTION

Contrary to the opinion of some, modern Perl programming can be extremely well-structured and beautiful, leveraging many advanced concepts found in other languages, and some which aren't. Abilities like method modification also referred to as augmentation, reflection, advanced object-orientation, type-constrainable object attributes, type-constrainable subroutine signatures (with named and positional arguments), as well roles (similar to mixins or interfaces in other languages). This framework aims to serve as an entrypoint to leveraging those abilities.

use Do;

The "Do" package is an alias and subclass of this package. It encapsulates all of the framework's features, is minimalist, and is meant to be the first import in a new class or module.

use Data::Object;

Both import statements are funcationally equivalent, enable the same functionality, and can be configured equally. This is what's enabled whenever you import the "Do" or "Data::Object" package into your namespace.

# basics
use strict;
use warnings;

# loads say, state, switch, etc
use feature ':5.14';

# loads type constraints
use Data::Object::Library;

# loads function/method signatures
use Data::Object::Signatures;

# imports keywords and super "do" function, etc
use Data::Object::Export;

# enables method calls on native data types
use Data::Object::Autobox;

To explain by way of example: The following established a user-defined type library where user-defined classes, roles, etc, will be automatically registered.

package App;

use Do 'Library';

1;

The following creates a class representing a user which has the ability to greet another person. This class is type-library aware and will register itself as a type constraint.

package App::User;

use Do 'Class', 'App';

has name => (
  is  => 'ro',
  isa => 'Str',
  req => 1
);

method hello(AppUser $user) {
  return 'Hello '. $user->name .'. How are you?';
}

1;

The following is a script which is type-library aware that creates a function that returns how one user greets another user.

package main;

use App::User;

use Do 'Core', 'App';

fun greetings(AppUser $u1, AppUser $u2) {
  return $u1->hello($u2);
}

my $u1 = User->new(name => 'Jane');
my $u2 = User->new(name => 'June');

say(greetings($u1, $u2)); # Hello June ...

This demonstrates much of the power of this framework in one simple example. If you're new to Perl, the code above creates a class with a single (read-only string) attribute called name and a single method called hello, then registers the class in a user-defined type-library called App where all user-defined type constraints will be stored and retrieved (and reified). The main program (namespace) initializes the framework and specifies the user-defined type library to use in the creation of a single function greetings which takes two arguments which must both be instances of the class we just created.

+=head1 FRAMEWORK

The Data-Object framework is a robust modern Perl development framework, embracing Perl's multi-paradigm programming nature, flexibility and vast ecosystem that many engineers already know and love.

+=head2 keywords

package main;

use Do;

raise 'Oops';

1;

The framework automatically makes the following short list of new keyword functions available to the calling package: cast, const, do, is_false, is_true, false, true, and raise. Please see Data::Object::Export for details on each keyword function.

+=head2 core

package main;

use Do;

fun main() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's core configuration enables strict, warnings, Perl's 5.14 features, and configures the core type library, method signatures, and autoboxing.

+=head2 library

package App::Library;

use Do 'Library';

our $User = declare 'User',
  as InstanceOf["App::User"];

1;

The framework's library configuration established a Type::Library compliant type library, as well as configuring Type::Utils in the calling package. Read more at Data::Object::Library.

+=head2 class

package App::User;

use Do 'Class';

has 'fname';
has 'lname';

1;

The framework's class configuration configures the calling package as a Moo class, having the "has", "with", and "extends" keywords available. Read more at Data::Object::Class.

+=head2 role

package App::Queuer;

use Do 'Role';

has 'queue';

method dequeue() {
  # ...
}

method enqueue($job) {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's role configuration configures the calling package as a Moo role, having the "has", "with", and "extends" keywords available. Read more at Data::Object::Role.

+=head2 rule

package App::Queueable;

use Do 'Rule';

requires 'dequeue';
requires 'enqueue';

1;

The framework's rule configuration configures the calling package as a Moo role, intended to be used to classify interfaces. Read more at Data::Object::Rule.

+=head2 state

package App::Env;

use Do 'State';

has 'vars';
has 'args';
has 'opts';

1;

The framework's state configuration configures the calling package as a singleton class with global state. Read more at Data::Object::State.

+=head2 struct

package App::Data;

use Do 'Struct';

has 'auth';
has 'user';
has 'args';

1;

The framework's struct configuration configures the calling package as a class whose state becomes immutable after instantiation. Read more at Data::Object::Struct.

+=head2 args

package App::Args;

use Do 'Args';

method validate() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's args configuration configures the calling package as a class representation of the @ARGV variable. Read more at Data::Object::Args.

+=head2 array

package App::Args;

use Do 'Array';

method command() {
  return $self->get(0);
}

1;

The framework's array configuration configures the calling package as a class which extends the Array class. Read more at Data::Object::Array.

+=head2 code

package App::Func;

use Do 'Code';

around BUILD($args) {
  $self->$orig($args);

  # ...
}

1;

The framework's code configuration configures the calling package as a class which extends the Code class. Read more at Data::Object::Code.

+=head2 cli

package App::Cli;

use Do 'Cli';

method main(%args) {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's cli configuration configures the calling package as a class capable of acting as a command-line interface. Read more at Data::Object::Cli.

+=head2 data

package App::Data;

use Do 'Data';

method generate() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's data configuration configures the calling package as a class capable of parsing POD. Read more at Data::Object::Data.

+=head2 float

package App::Amount;

use Do 'Float';

method currency(Str $code) {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's float configuration configures the calling package as a class which extends the Float class. Read more at Data::Object::Float.

+=head2 hash

package App::Data;

use Do 'Hash';

method logline() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's hash configuration configures the calling package as a class which extends the Hash class. Read more at Data::Object::Hash.

+=head2 number

package App::ID;

use Do 'Number';

method find() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's number configuration configures the calling package as a class which extends the Number class. Read more at Data::Object::Number.

+=head2 opts

package App::Opts;

use Do 'Opts';

method validate() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's opts configuration configures the calling package as a class representation of the command-line arguments. Read more at Data::Object::Opts.

+=head2 regexp

package App::Path;

use Do 'Regexp';

method match() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's regexp configuration configures the calling package as a class which extends the Regexp class. Read more at Data::Object::Regexp.

+=head2 scalar

package App::OID;

use Do 'Scalar';

method find() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's scalar configuration configures the calling package as a class which extends the Scalar class. Read more at Data::Object::Scalar.

+=head2 string

package App::Title;

use Do 'String';

method generate() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's string configuration configures the calling package as a class which extends the String class. Read more at Data::Object::String.

+=head2 undef

package App::Fail;

use Do 'Undef';

method explain() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's undef configuration configures the calling package as a class which extends the Undef class. Read more at Data::Object::Undef.

+=head2 vars

package App::Vars;

use Do 'Vars';

method config() {
  # ...
}

1;

The framework's vars configuration configures the calling package as a class representation of the %ENV variable. Read more at Data::Object::Vars.

+=head1 SLOGAN

If you're doing something modern with Perl, start here!

+=head1 INSTALLATION

If you have cpanm, you only need one line:

$ cpanm -qn Do

If you don't have cpanm, get it! It takes less than a minute, otherwise:

$ curl -L https://cpanmin.us | perl - -qn Do

Add Do to the list of dependencies in cpanfile:

requires "Do" => "1.87"; # 1.87 or newer

If cpanm doesn't have permission to install modules in the current Perl installation, it will automatically set up and install to a local::lib in your home directory. See the local::lib documentation for details on enabling it in your environment. We recommend using a Perlbrew or Plenv environment. These tools will help you manage multiple Perl installations in your $HOME directory. They are completely isolated Perl installations.

cpanm Do

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Do