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Net-IDN-Encode-2.499_20180929
River stage two • 13 direct dependents • 37 total dependents
/ Net::IDN::Overwiew

NAME

Net::IDN::Overwiew - Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA)

DESCRIPTION

The Net::IDN::* modules provide a framework for the handling of Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA) in perl programmes.

This document provides an overview of the available modules in order to allow you to choose the best module for the task at hand.

AVAILABLE MODULES

HIGH-LEVEL (USE THIS)

Net::IDN::Encode

provides a high-level interface for converting domain names (and for convenience, email addresses).

Use this module if you just want to convert domain names and don't care about how this is done internally.

Currently, this module uses Net::IDN::UTS46. However, this might change in the future if another specification (e.g. a revision of IDNA2008) becomes more appropriate.

The author aims for Net::IDN::Encode to always use the specification that will provide the "least surprising" results.

STANDARD-SPECIFIC

These modules implement different versions of the the IDNA specifications. Use one of these modules only if you require compatibility with a specific incarnation of IDNA.

Net::IDN::IDNA2003

implements the original IDNA specification, released in 2003 (IDNA2003), which is now obsolete.

IDNA2003 is defined in RFC 3490 http://tools.ietf.org/rfc/3490 and related documents.

Net::IDN::UTS46

implements Unicode Technical Standard #46 (UTS #46 http://unicode.org/reports/tr46/), Unicode IDNA Compatibility Processing. This specification supports all domain names allowed under either IDNA2003 or IDNA2008.

ENCODING

Net::IDN::Punycode

performs the actual conversion between the ASCII and Unicode form of strings. Punycode is defined in RFC 3492 http://tools.ietf.org/rfc/3492 and related documents.

Usually, it is not a good idea to use this module directly. If you convert domain labels (or other strings) without proper preparation, you may end up with an ASCII encoding that is not interoperable or poses security issues due to spoofing.

Even if you think that your domain names are valid and in already-mapped format, you might be fooled by different Unicode normalization forms (for example, some environments might automatically convert your data to NFD, which breaks IDNA).

DEPRECATED/COMPATIBILITY

These modules are only maintained in order to not break applications that might rely on them

Encode::Punycode

provides an Encode plugin for Punycode. As Punycode is not a general-purpose encoding, there are limited applications.

IDNA::Punycode

has an API depending on global variables. Don't use this module.

DISTRIBUTIONS

Net-IDN-Encode

is the main distribution covering the most common cases for converting domain names between ASCII and Unicode.

The author tries to keep the dependency chain as small as possible; currently this distribution only depends on perl 5.8.5 (including the core module Unicode::Normalize ).

Net-IDN-IDNA2003

provides the Net::IDN::IDNA2003 module. This is separate because it has an dependency on Unicode::Stringprep (through Net::IDN::Nameprep).

Encode-Punycode
IDNA-Punycode

are separate because they are of limited use to the average user/perl programmer.

AUTHOR

Claus Färber <CFAERBER@cpan.org>