NAME

Jcode - Japanese Charset Handler

SYNOPSIS

use Jcode;

# traditional
Jcode::convert(\$str, $ocode, $icode, "z");
# or OOP!
print Jcode->new($str)->h2z->tr($from, $to)->utf8;

DESCRIPTION

Jcode.pm supports both object and traditional approach. With object approach, you can go like;

$iso_2022_jp = Jcode::new($str)->h2z->jis;

Which is more elegant than;

$iso_2022_jp = &jcode::convert(\$str,'jis',jcode::getcode(\str), "z");

For those unfamiliar with objects, Jcode.pm still supports getcode() and convert().

Methods

Methods mentioned here all return Jcode object unless otherwise mentioned.

$j = Jcode->new($str [, $icode]);

Creates Jcode object $j from $str. Input code is automatically checked unless you explicitly set $icode. For available charset, see getcode() below.

The object keeps the string in EUC format enternaly. When the object itself is evaluated, it returns the EUC-converted string so you can "print $j;" without calling access method if you are using EUC (thanks to function overload).

Passing Reference

Instead of scalar value, You can use reference as

Jcode->new(\$str);

This saves time a little bit. In exchange of the value of $str being converted. (In a way, $str is now "tied" to jcode object).

$j->set($str [, $icode]);

Sets $j's internal string to $str. Handy when you use Jcode object repeatedly (saves time and memory to create object).

# converts mailbox to SJIS format
my $jconv = new Jcode;
while(<>){
    print $jconv->set(\$_)->mime_decode->sjis;
}

$j->append($str [, $icode]);

Appends $str to $j's internal string.

$j = jcode($str [, $icode]);

shortcut for Jcode->new() so you can go like;

$sjis = jcode($str)->sjis;

$euc = $j->euc;

$jis = $j->jis;

$sjis = $j->sjis;

What you code is what you get :)

$iso_2022_jp = $j->iso_2022_jp

Same as $j->z2h->jis. Hankaku Kanas are forcibly converted to Zenkaku.

Methods that use MIME::Base64

To use methods below, you need MIME::Base64. To install, simply

perl -MCPAN -e 'CPAN::Shell->install("MIME::Base64")'

$mime_header = $j->mime_encode;

Converts $str to MIME-Header documented in RFC1522.

$j->mime_decode;

Decodes MIME-Header in Jcode object.

You can retrieve the number of matches via $j->nmatch;

Methods implemented by Jcode::H2Z

Methods below are actually implemented in Jcode::H2Z.

$j->h2z([$keep_dakuten]);

Converts X201 kana (Hankaku) to X208 kana (Zenkaku). When $keep_dakuten is set, it leaves dakuten as is (That is, "ka + dakuten" is left as is instead of being converted to "ga")

You can retrieve the number of matches via $j->nmatch;

$j->z2h;

Converts X208 kana (Zenkaku) to X201 kana (Hankazu).

You can retrieve the number of matches via $j->nmatch;

Methods implemented in Jcode::Tr

Methods here are actually implemented in Jcode::Tr.

$j->tr($from, $to);

Applies tr on Jcode object. $from and $to can contain EUC Japanese.

You can retrieve the number of matches via $j->nmatch;

Methods implemented in Jcode::Unicode

If your perl does not support XS (or you can't perl Makefile.PL, Jcode::Unicode::NoXS will be used.

See Jcode::Unicode and Jcode::Unicode::NoXS for details

$ucs2 = $j->ucs2;

Returns UCS2 (Raw Unicode) string.

$ucs2 = $j->utf8;

Returns utf8 String.

Instance Variables

If you need to access instance variables of Jcode object, use access methods below instead of directly accessing them (That's what OOP is all about)

FYI, Jcode uses a ref to array instead of ref to hash (common way) to optimize speed (Actually you don't have to know as long as you use access methods instead; Once again, that's OOP)

$j->r_str

Reference to the EUC-coded String.

$j->icode

Input charcode in recent operation.

$j->nmatch

Number of matches (Used in $j->tr, etc.)

Subroutines

($code, [$nmatch]) = getcode($str);

Returns char code of $str. Return codes are as follows

ascii   Ascii (Contains no Japanese Code)
binary  Binary (Not Text File)
euc     EUC-JP
sjis    SHIFT_JIS
jis     JIS (ISO-2022-JP)
ucs2    UCS2 (Raw Unicode)
utf8    UTF8

When array context is used instead of scaler, it also returns how many character codes are found. As mentioned above, $str can be \$str instead.

jcode.pl Users:

This function is 100% upper-conpatible with jcode::getcode() -- well, almost;

* When its return value is an array, the order is the opposite;
  jcode::getcode() returns $nmatch first.

* jcode::getcode() returns 'undef' when the number of EUC characters
  is equal to that of SJIS.  Jcode::getcode() returns EUC.  for
  Jcode.pm is no in-betweens. 

Jcode::convert($str, [$ocode, $icode, $opt]);

Converts $str to char code specified by $ocode. When $icode is specified also, it assumes $icode for input string instead of the one checked by getcode(). As mentioned above, $str can be \$str instead.

jcode.pl Users:

This function is 100% upper-conpatible with jcode::convert() !

BUGS

Unicode support by Jcode is far from efficient!

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This package owes a lot in motivation, design, and code, to the jcode.pl for Perl4 by Kazumasa Utashiro <utashiro@iij.ad.jp>.

Hiroki Ohzaki <ohzaki@iod.ricoh.co.jp> has helped me polish regexp from the very first stage of development.

And folks at Jcode Mailing list <jcode5@ring.gr.jp>. Without them, I couldn't have coded this far.

SEE ALSO

Jcode::Unicode

Jcode::Unicode::NoXS

COPYRIGHT

Copyright 1999 Dan Kogai <dankogai@dan.co.jp>

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

cpanm Jcode

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Jcode