NAME

DateTime::Format::Strptime - Parse and format strp and strf time patterns

VERSION

version 1.56

SYNOPSIS

use DateTime::Format::Strptime;

my $strp = DateTime::Format::Strptime->new(
    pattern   => '%T',
    locale    => 'en_AU',
    time_zone => 'Australia/Melbourne',
);

my $dt = $strp->parse_datetime('23:16:42');

$strp->format_datetime($dt);

# 23:16:42

# Croak when things go wrong:
my $strp = DateTime::Format::Strptime->new(
    pattern   => '%T',
    locale    => 'en_AU',
    time_zone => 'Australia/Melbourne',
    on_error  => 'croak',
);

$newpattern = $strp->pattern('%Q');

# Unidentified token in pattern: %Q in %Q at line 34 of script.pl

# Do something else when things go wrong:
my $strp = DateTime::Format::Strptime->new(
    pattern   => '%T',
    locale    => 'en_AU',
    time_zone => 'Australia/Melbourne',
    on_error  => \&phone_police,
);

DESCRIPTION

This module implements most of strptime(3), the POSIX function that is the reverse of strftime(3), for DateTime. While strftime takes a DateTime and a pattern and returns a string, strptime takes a string and a pattern and returns the DateTime object associated.

CONSTRUCTOR

• new( pattern => $strptime_pattern )

  Creates the format object. You must specify a pattern, you can also specify a time_zone and a locale. If you specify a time zone then any resulting DateTime object will be in that time zone. If you do not specify a time_zone parameter, but there is a time zone in the string you pass to parse_datetime, then the resulting DateTime will use that time zone.

  You can optionally use an on_error parameter. This parameter has three valid options:

  • 'undef'

    (not undef, 'undef', it's a string not an undefined value)

    This is the default behavior. The module will return undef whenever it gets upset. The error can be accessed using the $object->errmsg method. This is the ideal behaviour for interactive use where a user might provide an illegal pattern or a date that doesn't match the pattern.

  • 'croak'

    (not croak, 'croak', it's a string, not a function)

    This used to be the default behaviour. The module will croak with an error message whenever it gets upset.

  • sub{...} or \&subname

    When given a code ref, the module will call that sub when it gets upset. The sub receives two parameters: the object and the error message. Using these two it is possible to emulate the 'undef' behavior. (Returning a true value causes the method to return undef. Returning a false value causes the method to bravely continue):

      sub { $_[0]->{errmsg} = $_[1]; 1 },
    

METHODS

This class offers the following methods.

• parse_datetime($string)

  Given a string in the pattern specified in the constructor, this method will return a new DateTime object.

  If given a string that doesn't match the pattern, the formatter will croak or return undef, depending on the setting of on_error in the constructor.

• format_datetime($datetime)

  Given a DateTime object, this methods returns a string formatted in the object's format. This method is synonymous with DateTime's strftime method.

• locale($locale)

  When given a locale or DateTime::Locale object, this method sets its locale appropriately. If the locale is not understood, the method will croak or return undef (depending on the setting of on_error in the constructor)

  If successful this method returns the current locale. (After processing as above).

• pattern($strptime_pattern)

  When given a pattern, this method sets the object's pattern. If the pattern is invalid, the method will croak or return undef (depending on the value of the on_error parameter)

  If successful this method returns the current pattern. (After processing as above)

• time_zone($time_zone)

  When given a name, offset or DateTime::TimeZone object, this method sets the object's time zone. This effects the DateTime object returned by parse_datetime

  If the time zone is invalid, the method will croak or return undef (depending on the value of the on_error parameter)

  If successful this method returns the current time zone. (After processing as above)

• errmsg

  If the on_error behavior of the object is 'undef', error messages with this method so you can work out why things went wrong.

  This code emulates a $DateTime::Format::Strptime with the on_error parameter equal to 'croak':

  $strp->pattern($pattern) or die $DateTime::Format::Strptime::errmsg

EXPORTS

There are no methods exported by default, however the following are available:

• strptime( $strptime_pattern, $string )

  Given a pattern and a string this function will return a new DateTime object.

• strftime( $strftime_pattern, $datetime )

  Given a pattern and a DateTime object this function will return a formatted string.

STRPTIME PATTERN TOKENS

The following tokens are allowed in the pattern string for strptime (parse_datetime):

• %%

  The % character.

• %a or %A

  The weekday name according to the current locale, in abbreviated form or the full name.

• %b or %B or %h

  The month name according to the current locale, in abbreviated form or the full name.

• %C

  The century number (0-99).

• %d or %e

  The day of month (01-31). This will parse single digit numbers as well.

• %D

  Equivalent to %m/%d/%y. (This is the American style date, very confusing to non-Americans, especially since %d/%m/%y is widely used in Europe. The ISO 8601 standard pattern is %F.)

• %F

  Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d. (This is the ISO style date)

• %g

  The year corresponding to the ISO week number, but without the century (0-99).

• %G

  The year corresponding to the ISO week number.

• %H

  The hour (00-23). This will parse single digit numbers as well.

• %I

  The hour on a 12-hour clock (1-12).

• %j

  The day number in the year (1-366).

• %m

  The month number (01-12). This will parse single digit numbers as well.

• %M

  The minute (00-59). This will parse single digit numbers as well.

• %n

  Arbitrary whitespace.

• %N

  Nanoseconds. For other sub-second values use %[number]N.

• %p

  The equivalent of AM or PM according to the locale in use. (See DateTime::Locale)

• %r

  Equivalent to %I:%M:%S %p.

• %R

  Equivalent to %H:%M.

• %s

  Number of seconds since the Epoch.

• %S

  The second (0-60; 60 may occur for leap seconds. See DateTime::LeapSecond).

• %t

  Arbitrary whitespace.

• %T

  Equivalent to %H:%M:%S.

• %U

  The week number with Sunday the first day of the week (0-53). The first Sunday of January is the first day of week 1.

• %u

  The weekday number (1-7) with Monday = 1. This is the DateTime standard.

• %w

  The weekday number (0-6) with Sunday = 0.

• %W

  The week number with Monday the first day of the week (0-53). The first Monday of January is the first day of week 1.

• %y

  The year within century (0-99). When a century is not otherwise specified (with a value for %C), values in the range 69-99 refer to years in the twentieth century (1969-1999); values in the range 00-68 refer to years in the twenty-first century (2000-2068).

• %Y

  The year, including century (for example, 1991).

• %z

  An RFC-822/ISO 8601 standard time zone specification. (For example +1100) [See note below]

• %Z

  The timezone name. (For example EST -- which is ambiguous) [See note below]

• %O

  This extended token allows the use of Olson Time Zone names to appear in parsed strings. NOTE: This pattern cannot be passed to DateTime's strftime() method, but can be passed to format_datetime().

AUTHOR EMERITUS

This module was created by Rick Measham.

BUGS

Please report any bugs or feature requests to bug-datetime-format-strptime@rt.cpan.org, or through the web interface at http://rt.cpan.org. I will be notified, and then you'll automatically be notified of progress on your bug as I make changes.

SEE ALSO

datetime@perl.org mailing list.

http://datetime.perl.org/

perl, DateTime, DateTime::TimeZone, DateTime::Locale

AUTHORS

• Dave Rolsky autarch@urth.org
• Rick Measham rickm@cpan.org

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

This software is Copyright (c) 2014 by Dave Rolsky.

This is free software, licensed under:

The Artistic License 2.0 (GPL Compatible)