NAME

Parse::RPN (2.xx) - Is a minimalist RPN parser/processor (a little like FORTH)

SYNOPSIS

use Parse::RPN;
$result=rpn(string ...);
@results=rpn(string ...);

$error=rpn_error();

string... is a list of RPN operators and values separated by a coma
in scalar mode RPN return the result of the calculation (If the stack contain more then one element, 
you receive a warning and the top value on the stack)
in array mode, you receive the content of the stack after evaluation

DESCRIPTION

rpn() receive in entry a scalar of one or more elements coma separated 
and evaluate as an RPN (Reverse Polish Notation) command.
The function split all elements and put in the stack.
The operator are case sensitive.
The operator are detect as is, if they are alone in the element of the stack. 
Extra space before or after are allowed
(e.g "3,4,MOD" here MOD is an operator but it is not the case in "3,4,MOD 1")
If element is not part of the predefined operator (dictionary), the element is push as a litteral.
If you would like to put a string which is part of the dictionary, put it between quote or double-quote 
(e.g "3,4,'MOD'" here MOD is a literal and the evaluation return MOD)
If the string contain a coma, you need also to quote or double-quote the string. 
(be care to close your quoted or double-quoted string)

The evaluation follow the rule of RPN or FORTH or POSTCRIPT or pockect calcutor HP.
Look on web for documentation about the use of RPN notation.

I use this module in a application where the final user need to create and maintain 
a configuration file with the possibility to do calculation on variables returned from application.

The idea of this module is comming from Math::RPN of Owen DeLong, owen@delong.com that I used for more then a year
before some of my customer would like more...

rpn_error() return the last error from the evaluation (illegal division by 0, error from the PERL function execution...)
each time that rpn() is call the rpn_error() is reinitianised.

MATHEMATIC operators

a b +

return the result of 'a' + 'b' 
  

a b -

return the result of 'a' - 'b' 
  

a b *

return the result of 'a' * 'b' 
  

a b /

return the result of 'a' / 'b' 
if b =0 return '' (to prevent exception raise)
  

a b **

return the result of 'a' ** 'b'  (exponant)
  

a SRQRT

return the square root of a
  

a 1+

return the result of 'a' +1 
  

a 1-

return the result of 'a' -1 
  

a 2-

return the result of 'a' -2 
  

a 2+

return the result of 'a' +2 
  

a b MOD

return the result of 'a' % 'b'
  

a ABS

return the result of  abs 'a'
  

a INT

return the result of INT 'a' 
  

a +-

return the result negate value of 'a' (- 'a' )
  

a REMAIN

return the result of 'a' - int 'a' (fractional part of 'a' ) 
  

a SIN

return the result of sin 'a'  ('a' in RADIAN)
  

a COS

return the result of cos 'a'  ('a' in RADIAN)
  

a TAN

return the result of tan 'a'  ('a' in RADIAN)
  

a CTAN

return the result of cotan 'a'  ('a' in RADIAN)
  

a LN

return the result of ln 'a' 
if = 0 return '' (to prevent exception raise)
  

a LOGB

return the result of log 'a'  in base 'b'
if = 0 return '' (to prevent exception raise)
  

a EXP

return the result of 'e' ** 'a' 
  

PI

return the value of PI (3.14159265358979)
  

a b MIN

return the smallest value of the 2 arguments
  

a b MAX

return the greatest value of the 2 arguments
  

a MINX

return the smallest value from the a elements from the stack
  

a b MAXX

return the greatest value from the a elements from the stack
  

a SUM

sum the a elements from the top of the stack
remove these a elements
and return the result value on the stack

a STATS

STATS the a element on top of the stack
remove these a element
the new variable _SUM_, _MULT_, _ARITH_MEAN_, _GEOM_MEAN_, _QUAD_MEAN_ (= _RMS_), _HARM_MEAN_, _STD_DEV_, _SAMPLE_STD_DEV_, _VARIANCE_,

RELATIONAL operators

a b <

return the result of 'a' < 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value ) 
  

a b <=

return the result of 'a' <= 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a b >

return the result of 'a' > 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a b >=

return the result of 'a' >= 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a b ==

return the result of 'a' == 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value ) 1 if a == b else 0
  

a b <=>

return the result of 'a' <=> 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value  ) -1 if a < b ,0 if a == b, 1 if a > b
  

a b !=

return the result of 'a' != 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value ) 0 if a == b else 1
  

a b v ><

return the 1 ( BOOLEAN value ) if v greater than a but lower than b. Otherwise return 0
( aka between boundaries excluded )

a b v >=<

return 1 ( BOOLEAN value ) if v greater or equal to a but lower or equal to b. Otherwise return 0 
( aka between boundaries included )
  

a b N<

return the result of 'a' N< 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value ) if a is ISNUM
  

a b N>=

return the result of 'a' N<= 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value ) if a is ISNUM
  

a b N>

return the result of 'a' N> 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value ) if a is ISNUM
  

a b N>=

return the result of 'a' N>= 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value ) if a is ISNUM
  

a b N==

return the result of 'a' N== 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value ) 1 if a == b and a ISNUM else 0
  

a b N!=

return the result of 'a' != 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value ) 0 if a == b and a ISNUM else 1

LOGICAL operators

a b OR

return the 1 one of the 2 argument are not equal to 0
  

a b AND

return the 0 one of the 2 argument are equal to 0
  

a b XOR

return the 0 if the  2 argument are equal
  

a b NXOR

return the 0 if the  2 argument are equal. Any non numeric elements is seen as a 0.
  

a NOT

return the 0 if the argument is not eqauk to 0
return the 1 if the argument is  eqauk to 0
  

a TRUE

return the 1 if the top of stack is !=0 and if stack not empty
  

a FALSE

return the 0 if the top of stack is !=0
  

a b >>

bitwise shift to the right
shift the bits in a to the left of b level
  

a b <<

bitwise shift to the left
shift the bits in a to the left of b level
  

MISC operators

a VAL,RET, "operator" LOOKUP

test with the "operator" the [a] value on each elements of VAL and if test succeed return the value from array RET with the same index
the "operator" must be quoted to prevent evaluation
  

a VAL,RET, "operator" LOOKUPP

Test with the perl "operator" the [a] value on each elements of VAL 
and if test succeed return the value from array RET with the same index
The "operator" must be quoted to prevent evaluation
  

a VAL,RET,OPE LOOKUPOP

Loop on each item of array VAL and test the value [ a ]  with the operator from ope ARRAY 
against the corresponding value in array VAL and return the value from array RET with the same index
  

a VAL,RET,OPE LOOKUPOPP

Loop on each item of array VAL and test the value [ a ]  with the perl operator from ope ARRAY 
against the corresponding value in array VAL and return the value from array RET with the same index
  

TICK

return the current time in ticks
  

a LTIME

return the localtime coresponding to the ticks value 'a'
the format is 'sec' 'min' 'hour' 'day_in_the_month' 'month' 'year' 'day_in_week' 'day_year' 'dayloight_saving'
'year' is the elapsed year since 1900
'month' start to 0
The format is the same as localtime() in perl
  

a GTIME

return the gmtime coresponding to the ticks value 'a'
the format is 'sec' 'min' 'hour' 'day_in_the_month' 'month' 'year' 'day_in_week' 'day_year' 'dayloight_saving'
'year' is the elapsed year since 1900
'month' start to 0
The format is the same as gmtime() in perl
  

a HLTIME

return the localtime coresponding to the ticks value 'a' in a human readable format
  

a HGTIME

return the gmtime coresponding to the ticks value 'a' in a human readable format
  

a HTTPTIME

return the ticks coresponding to the time value in a format accepted by HTTP::Date
  

RAND

return a random value in the range [0,1[
  

a LRAND

return a random value in the range [0,'a'[
  

a SPACE

return the number 'a' formated with space each 3 digits
  

a DOT

return the number 'a' formated with . (dot) each 3 digits
  

a NORM

return the number 'a' normalize by slice of 1000 with extra power value "K", "M", "G", "T", "P" (or nothing if lower than 1000)
  

a NORM2

return the number 'a' normalize by slice of 1024 with extra power value "K", "M", "G", "T", "P" (or nothing if lower than 1024)
  

a UNORM

reverse function of NORM
return the number from a 'a' with a sufix "K", "M", "G", "T", "P" (or nothing if lower than 1000)
and calculate the real value base 1000 ( e.g  7k = 7000)
  

a UNORM2

reverse function of NORM2
return the number from a 'a' with a sufix "K", "M", "G", "T", "P" (or nothing if lower than 1024)
and calculate the real value base 1024 ( e.g  7k = 7168)
  

a OCT

return the decimal value for the HEX, BINARY or OCTAL value 'a'
OCTAL is like  '0nn' where n is in the range of 0-7
BINARY is like '0bnnn...'   where n is in the range of 0-1
HEX is like '0xnnn' where n is in the range of 0-9A-F
if no specific format convert as an hexadecimal by default
  

a OCTSTR2HEX

return a HEX string from a OCTETSTRING.
useful when receiving an SNMP ASN.1 OCTETSTRING like mac address
  

a HEX2OCTSTR

return a OCTETSTRING string from a HEX
useful when you need to check if an SNMP ASN.1 OCTETSTRING if matching the hex value provided
  

a DDEC2STR

return a string from a dotted DEC string
useful when you need to manipulate an SNMP extension with 'exec' 
  

a STR2DDEC

return a dotted DEC string to a string
useful when you need to manipulate an SNMP extension with 'exec' 
  

Structurated string (SLxxx) operators

string a b SLSLICE

return the STRUCTURATED list slice  from 'a' to 'b' extracted from STRUCTURATED list.
string are the STRUCTURATED list
the STRUCTURATED LIST use this format:
each entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the KEY and the VAL are separated by ' | '
'keys1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # Keys3 | val3 # Keys4 | val4 #'
example:
'keys1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # Keys3 | val3 # Keys4 | val4 #,1,2,SLSLICE'
return:
# key2 | val2 # Keys3 | val3 #

string a SLITEM

return the STRUCTURATED item at position 'a' from a STRUCTURATED list.
string are the STRUCTURATED list
the STRUCTURATED LIST use this format:
each entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the KEY and the VAL are separated by ' | '
'keys1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # Keys3 | val3 #'
example:
'keys1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # Keys3 | val3 #,1,SLITEM'
return:
# key2 | val2 #

string a SLGREP

return a STRUCTURATED list from a STRUCTURATED list where the STRUCTURATED LIST match the REGEX a.
string are the STRUCTURATED list
the STRUCTURATED LIST use this format:
each entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the KEY and the VAL are separated by ' | '
'keys1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # Keys3 | val3 #'
example:
'keys1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # Keys3 | val3 #,Keys,SLGREP'
return:
#  Keys3 | val3 #

string a SLGREPI

return a STRUCTURATED list from a STRUCTURATED list where the STRUCTURATED LIST match the REGEX a (case insensitive).
string are the STRUCTURATED list
the STRUCTURATED LIST use this format:
each entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the KEY and the VAL are separated by ' | '
'keys1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # Keys3 | val3 #'
example:
'keys1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # Keys3 | val3 #,Keys,SLGREPI'
return:
#  keys1 | val1 # Keys3 | val3 #

string a SLSEARCHALL

 return all KEYS from a STRUCTURATED LIST where the STRUCTURATED LIST val match the REGEX a.
 string are the STRUCTURATED list
 the STRUCTURATED LIST use this format:
 each entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the KEY and the VAL are separated by ' | '

 example:
 '# 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.779 | 5 # 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.780 | 25 # 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.781 | 6 # 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.782 | 2 #,2,SLSEARCHALL'
 return:
 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.780  1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.782

string a SLSEARCHALLI

return all KEYS from a STRUCTURATED LIST where the STRUCTURATED LIST val match the REGEX a (case insensitive).
string are the STRUCTURATED list
the STRUCTURATED LIST use this format:
each entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the KEY and the VAL are separated by ' | '
'# key1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # key12 | VAL12 #,val1,SLSEARCHALLI'
example:
'# key1 | val1 # key2 | val2 # key12 | VAL12 #,val1,SLSEARCHALLI'
return:
key1  key12

string a SLSEARCHALLKEYS

return all VALUES from a STRUCTURATED LIST where the STRUCTURATED LIST keys match the REGEX a
string are the STRUCTURATED list
the STRUCTURATED LIST use this format:
each entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the KEY and the VAL are separated by ' | '
'# 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.779 | 1 # 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.780 | 5 # 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.781 | 6 # 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.782 | 2 #' 
example:
'# 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.779 | 1 # 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.780 | 5 # 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.781 | 6 # 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.782 | 2 #,1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.,SLSEARCHALLKEYS'
return:
1 5 6 2

string a SLSEARCHALLKEYSI

return all VALUES from a STRUCTURATED LIST where the STRUCTURATED LIST key match the REGEX a.
string are the STRUCTURATED list.
the STRUCTURATED LIST use this format:
each entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the KEY and the VAL are separated by ' | '
'# tata is not happy | and what? # tata is happy | and??  # toto is not happy | oops # toto is happy | yeah #'
example:
'# tata is not happy | and what? # tata is happy | and??  # toto is not happy | oops # toto is happy | yeah #,toto,SLSEARCHALLKEYSI'
return:
oops yeah

string a OIDSEARCHALLVAL

return all OID leaf from a snmpwalk macthing the REGEX a 
string are the OID walk list
the OID walk result use this format:
each snmpwalk entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the OID and the VAL are separated by ' | ' 
'# .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.4704 | "TASKMGR.EXE" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.2692 | "winvnc4.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.3128 | "CSRSS.EXE" #
example:
'# .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.488 | "termsrv.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.688 | "Apache.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.5384 | "aimsserver.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.2392 | "Apache.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.2600 | "cpqnimgt.exe" #,Apache\.exe,OIDSEARCHALLVAL'
return:
688 2392
  

string a OIDSEARCHALLVALI

return all OID leaf from a snmpwalk macthing the REGEX a ( case insensitive ) 
string are the OID walk list
the OID walk result use this format:
each snmpwalk entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the OID and the VAL are separated by ' | ' 
'# .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.4704 | "TASKMGR.EXE" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.2692 | "winvnc4.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.3128 | "CSRSS.EXE" #
example:
'# .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.488 | "termsrv.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.688 | "Apache.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.5384 | "aimsserver.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.2392 | "Apache.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.2600 | "cpqnimgt.exe" #,Apache\.exe,OIDSEARCHALLVALI'
return:
688 2392
  

string x x x a OIDSEARCHLEAF

     return all VAL leaf from a snmpwalk when the OID leaf match each REGEX 
     a is the number of leaf to pick from the stack 
     x are all the leaf
     string are the OID walk list
     the OID walk result use this format:
     each snmpwalk entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entry , the OID and the VAL are separated by ' | ' 
     '# .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.4704 | "TASKMGR.EXE" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.2692 | "winvnc4.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.3128 | "CSRSS.EXE" # 
     example: 
     '# .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.7.384 | running # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.7.688 | running # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.7.2384 | invalid #,688,2384,2,OIDSEARCHLEAF'
     return:
     running invalid

string x x x a OIDSEARCHLEAFI

     return all VAL leaf from a snmpwalk when the OID leaf match each REGEX 
     a ( case insensitive ) is the number of leaf to pick from the stack 
     x are all the leaf
     string are the OID walk list
     the OID walk result use this format:
     each snmpwalk entries are separated by ' # ' and inside each entriy , the OID and the VAL are separated by ' | ' 
     '# .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.4704 | "TASKMGR.EXE" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.2692 | "winvnc4.exe" # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2.3128 | "CSRSS.EXE" #' 
     example: 
     '# .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.7.384 | running # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.7.688 | running # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.7.2384 | invalid #,688,2384,2,OIDSEARCHLEAFI'
     return:
     running invalid

STRING operators

a b EQ

return the result of 'a' EQ 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a b NE

return the result of 'a' NE 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a b LT

return the result of 'a' LT 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a b GT

return the result of 'a' GT 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a b LE

return the result of 'a' LE 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a b GE

return the result of 'a' GE 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a b CMP WORDS,LEN = 1584' # at t/09DICT.t line 58. # Looks like you failed 1 test of 31.

return the result of 'a' CMP 'b'  ( BOOLEAN value )
  

a LEN

return the length of 'a' 
  

a CHOMP

remove any terminaison line charecter ( CR CR/LF) from 'a' 
  

a b CAT

return the concatenation 'a' and 'b' 
  

a b ... n x CATN

return the concatenation of the 'x' element from the stack 
  

a b CATALL

return the concatenation all element on the stack 
  

a b x JOIN

return the concatenation 'a', 'x' and 'b' 
  

a b ... n x y JOINN

return the concatenation of the 'y' element from the stack with 'x' as separator
  

a b x JOINALL

return the concatenation all element on the stack with 'x' as separator
  

a b REP

return the result of 'a' x 'b'  duplicate 'a' by the number of 'x' 
  

a REV

return the reverse of 'a'
  

a b c SUBSTR

return the substring of 'c' starting at 'b' with the length of 'a'
  

a UC

return 'a' in uppercase
  

a LC

return 'a' in lowercase
  

a UCFIRST

return 'a' with the first letter in uppercase
  

a LCFIRST

return 'a' with the first letter in lowercase
  

a R1 R2 K V SPLIT2

     split a with the REGEX R1
     each result are splitted with the REGEX R2
     the result are stored in the variable k and v
     
     # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.768 | 48 # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.769 | 38 # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.771 | 42 # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.770 | 58 #,\s?#\s?,\s\|\s,a,b,SPLIT2
     return a with .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.768,.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.769,.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.771,.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.770
     and b with 48,38,42,58

     !!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
     SPLIT return the matched value WITHOUT the empty string of the beginning
       

a b SPLIT

return all splitted item of 'a' by the separator 'b' 
'b' is a REGEX 
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
!!! if the split match on the beginning of string,
SPLIT return the matched value WITHOUT the empty string of the beginning
  

a b SPLITI

return all splitted item of 'a' by the separator 'b' 
'b' is a REGEX case insensitive
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
!!! if the split match on the beginning of string,
SPLIT return the matched value WITHOUT the empty string of the beginning

a b PAT

return one or more occurance of 'b' in 'a' 
'b' is a REGEX
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
  

a b PATI

return one or more occurance of 'b' in 'a' 
'b' is a REGEX case insensitive
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
  

a b TPAT

test if the pattern 'b' is in 'a' 
'b' is a REGEX
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
  

a b TPATI

test if the pattern 'b' is in 'a' 
'b' is a REGEX
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
  

a b c SPAT

substitute the pattern 'b' by the pattern 'a'  in 'c'
'b' and 'c' are a REGEX
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
  

a b c SPATG

substitute the pattern 'b' by the pattern 'a'  in 'c' as many time as possible (g flag in REGEX)
'b' and 'c' are a REGEX
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
  

a b c SPATI

substitute the pattern 'b' by the pattern 'a'  in 'c'case insensitive (i flag in REGEX)
'b' and 'c' are a REGEX
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
  

a b c SPATGI

substitute the pattern 'b' by the pattern 'a'  in 'c' as many time as possible (g flag in REGEX)
and case insensitive (1 flag in REGEX)
'b' and 'c' are a REGEX
!!! becare, if you need to use : as a regex, you need to backslash to prevent overlap with new dictionary entry
  

a ... z PRINTF

use the format 'z' to print the value(s) on the stack
7,3,/,10,3,/,%d %f,PRINTF -> 2 3.333333
see printf in perl
   

a b PACK

pack the value 'a' with the format 'b'

2004,06,08,a4 a2 a2,PACK 
result: 20040608

see pack in perl
  

a b UNPACK

unpack the value 'a' with the format 'b'

20040608,a4 a2 a2,UNPACK
result: 2004,06,08

see unpack in perl
  

a b ISNUM

test if top of the stack is a number
return 1 if if it is a NUMBER otherwise return 0
  

a b ISNUMD

test if top of the stack is a number
delete the top element on the statck and return 1 if it is a NUMBER otherwise return 0 
  

a b ISINT

test if top of the stack is a integer (natural number)
return 1 if if it is a INTEGER otherwise return 0
  

a b ISINTD

test if top of the stack is a integer (natural number)
delete the top element on the statck and return 1 if it is a INTEGER otherwise return 0 
  

a b ISHEX

test if top of the stack is a hexadecimal value (starting with 0x or 0X or # )
return 1 if if it is a HEXADECIMAL otherwise return 0
  

a b ISHEXD

test if top of the stack is a hexadecimal value (starting with 0x or 0X or # )
delete the top element on the statck and return 1 if it is a HEXADECIMAL otherwise return 0 
  

STACK operators

a b SWAP

return 'b' 'a'

a b OVER

return 'a' 'b' 'a'

a DUP

return 'a' 'a'

a b DDUP

return 'a' 'b' 'a' 'b'

a b c ROT

return 'b' 'c' 'a'

a b c RROT

return 'c' 'a' 'b'

DEPTH

return the number of elements on the stack

a b POP

remove the last element on the stack

a ... z POPN

remove the 'z' last element(s) from the stack

a b c d e n ROLL

rotate the stack on 'n' element
a,b,c,d,e,f,4,ROLL -> a b d e f c
if n = 3 <=> ROT
if  -2 < n < 2 nothing is done
if n < -1 ROLL in reverse order
a,b,c,d,e,f,-4,ROLL -> a b f e d c
To reveerse a stack content use this:
a,b,c,d,e,f,DEPTH,+-,ROLL => f e d c b a

a PICK

copy element from depth 'a' to the stack

a GET

get (remove) element from depth 'a'
and put on top of stack 

a b PUT

put element 'a' at the level 'b' of the stack
if 'b' greater than the stack put at first place
if 'b' < 0 start to the reverse order of the stack

a b DEL

delete 'b' element on the stack from level 'a'
'a' and 'b' is get in absolute value 

a FIND

get the level of stack containing the exact value 'a'
if no match, return 0   

a FINDK

keep the level of stack containing the exact value 'a'
f no match, return an empty stack
( shortcut for a,FIND,KEEP )
get the first level of stack containing the REGEX 'a'

a SEARCHI

get the first level of stack containing the REGEX 'a' (cas insensitive)

a SEARCHIA

get all level of stack containing the REGEX 'a' (cas insensitive)
empty the stack and return all the index of item matching

a SEARCHA

get all level of stack containing the REGEX 'a' (cas sensitive)
empty the stack and return all the index of item matching

toto,toti,titi,tata,tota,tito,tutot,truc,tot,SEARCHA
result: 8 7 4 2

a SEARCHK

keep all level of stack containing the REGEX 'a' (cas sensitive)

toto,toti,titi,tata,tota,tito,tutot,truc,tot,SEARCHK
result: toto toti tota tutot

a SEARCHIK

keep all level of stack containing the REGEX 'a' (cas insensitive)

a KEEP

delete all element on the stack except the level 'a'
if 'a' is deeper then stack, keep the stack untouched

a KEEPV

delete all element on the stack except the levels with indice in the var A

1,5,2,3,A,!!,a,b,c,d,e,f,g,i,A,KEEPV
result: i d g
        

a KEEPVV

keep element from array B with indice from ARRAY A  

1,5,2,3,A,!!,a,b,c,d,e,f,g,i,8,B,!!,B,A,KEEPVV
result: i d g

b a KEEPN

keep 'b' element on the stack from level 'a'
and delete all other element
'a' and 'b' is get in absolute value 

a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,4,3,KEEPN
result: c d e f

b a KEEPR

delete all elements on the stack except the level 'a' and keep all element deeper than 'b'
if 'a' is deeper then stack, keep the stack untouched

a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,6,3,KEEPR
result: a b f

c b a KEEPRN

keep 'b' element on the stack from level 'a' and keep all element deeper than 'c'
if 'a' is deeper then stack, keep the stack untouched

a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,7,3,2,KEEPRN
result: a b c g h i

a b PRESERVE

keep  element on the stack from level 'a'
to level 'b'
and delete all other element
'a' and 'b' is get in absolute value 
if 'a' > 'b'  keep the reverse of selection (boustrophedon)

a b COPY

copy  element on the stack from level 'a'
to level 'b'
'a' and 'b' is get in absolute value 
if 'a' > 'b'  keep the reverse of selection (boustrophedon)

DICTIONARY and VARS operators

WORDS

return as one stack element the list of WORD in DICT separated by a |

VARS

return as one stack element the list of VARS  separated by a |

v SIZE

return the size of the variable on the stack

v POPV

remove return the first item of the variable on the stack

v SHIFTV

remove return the latest item of the variable on the stack

v a IND

return the element of the variable at the indice a  ( ARRAY emulation )
 

v INC

incremente (+ 1) the value of the variable on the statck

v DEC

decremente (- 1) the value of the variable on the statck

VARIABLE xxx

declare the variable 'xxx' (reserve memory)
 

v UNSET

delete the variable v 
 

xx var !

set and delete from the stack the value xx to the variable 'var'

xx var !A

append to the variable and delete from the stack the value xx to the variable 'var'

x1 x2 x3 ... n var !!

put and delete from the stack 'n' element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
'n' is in absolute value 

x1 x2 x3 ... n var !!A

append and delete 'n' element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
'n' is in absolute value 

x1 x2 x3 ... n var !!C

copy 'n' element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
'n' is in absolute value 

x1 x2 x3 ... n var !!CA

append  'n' element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
'n' is in absolute value 

x1 x2 x3 ... b a var !!!

put and delete ' element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
starting at element  'a' to element 'b'
'a' and 'b' in absolute value 
if 'a' > 'b'  keep the reverse of selection (boustrophedon)

x1 x2 x3 ... b a var !!!A

append and delete ' element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
starting at element  'a' to element 'b'
'a' and 'b' in absolute value 
if 'a' > 'b'  keep the reverse of selection (boustrophedon)

x1 x2 x3 ... b a var !!!C

copy element(s) on the stack in the variable 'var'
starting at element  'a' to element 'b' 
'a' and 'b' in absolute value 
if 'a' > 'b'  keep the reverse of selection (boustrophedon)

x1 x2 x3 ... b a var !!!CA

append element(s) on the stack in the variable 'var'
starting at element  'a' to element 'b' 
'a' and 'b' in absolute value 
if 'a' > 'b'  keep the reverse of selection (boustrophedon)

var @

return the value of the variable 'var'

: xxx name1 ;

create a new entry in the dictionary whith name name1 and store the progam xxx

name1 FORGOT

delete/erase a create word (name1 )

: xxx yyy name1 PERL

execute the PERL code
with parameter(s) xxx yyy
!!! be care if the perl code need to use a coma (,) 
you need to enclose the line inside double quote
if you need double quote in code use qq{ ... }

: xxx name1 PERLFUNC

execute the PERL function name1 with the parameter xxx
the default name space is "main::"
It is possible tu use a specific name space
the parameter are "stringified"
e.g. ':,5,filename,save,PERLFUNC'
call the function save("filename", 5);

name1 PERLFUNC0

execute the PERL function name1 with no parameters 
the default name space is "main::"
It is possible tu use a specific name space
the parameter are "stringified"
!!! because this function don't know the namescape of the caller 
!!! the parameter for the function must be scalar 
!!! and not a perl variable or a ref to a perl compenent 
!!! see PERLVAR
e.g. 'Test2,PERLFUNC0'
call the function Test2();

xxx nbr name1 PERLFUNCX

execute the PERL function name1 with nbr parameters from the stack xxx
the default name space is "main::"
It is possible tu use a specific name space
the parameter are "stringified"
!!! because this function don't know the namescape of the caller 
!!! the parameter for the function must be scalar 
!!! and not a perl variable or a ref to a perl compenent 
!!! see PERLVAR
e.g. 'file,name,2,substit,PERLFUNCX'
call the function substit("name", "file");

xxx name1 PERLFUNC1

execute the PERL function name1 with the only one parameter xxx
the default name space is "main::"
It is possible tu use a specific name space
the parameter are "stringified"
e.g. 'file,name,CAT,substit,PERLFUNC1'
call the function substit("filename");

xxx nbr name1 PERLVAR

Return the perl variable.
If the var returned is an array, return each element of the array on the stack
If the var returned is a hash , return a STRUCTURATED LIST
the default name space is "main::"
It is possible tu use a specific name space
the parameter are "stringified"
e.g.1 '{$data},PERLVAR'
call the value of $data;
e.g.2 '{%S}->{extra},PERLVAR'
call the value of $S->{extra};

a >R

put 'a' on the return stack

R>

remove first element from the return stack and copy on the normal stack
 

RL

return the depth of the return stack
 

R@

copy return stack on normal stack
 

FILE operators ( basic IO )

file, mode , FH, OPEN

OPEN a file and keep the filehandle in the variable X
mode could be all combination of : 
'r' ( read  ), 
'w' ( write ), 
'c' ( create ),
't' ( truncate ), 
'a'( append = seek to end )
 UNLINK ( delete ) a file 

FH, STAT

STAT the file using the handle stored in the var FH ( FH could also be a file path )
return the same content as perl stat. Keep in mind that the indice 0 from the perl array is the 1 fisrt stack level.
To get the size of a file:
/tmp/rpn,STAT,13,8,KEEPR
 

OFFSET, WHENCE, FH, SEEK

SEEK of OFFSET in the file using the handle stored in the var FH 
if WHENCE = 0 seek from the beginning of the file
if WHENCE = 1 seek from the current position 
if WHENCE = 2 seek from the end of the file ( offset must be < 0 )
( see perldoc -f seek )
 

FH, TELL

TELL return the position in the file using the handle stored in the var FH 
 

FH, CLOSE

CLOSE the file handle stored in the var FH 
 

N, FH, GETC

read and put on top of the stack N character from the filedscriptor stored in the variable FH
to do a file slurp:
/tmp/rpn,r,fh,OPEN,sh,STAT,13,6,KEEPR,fh,GETC,fh,CLOSE
 

N, FH, GETCS

read and put on the stack N character from the filedscriptor stored in the variable FH
each character is pushed on the stack ( and then the stack is evalueted )
 

N, FH, WRITE

put and delete N element from the stack to the filedscriptor stored in the variable FH

N, FH, WRITELINE

put and delete N element from the stack as a new line for each element to the filedscriptor stored in the variable FH
to flush buffer, use 0,0,FH,SEEK

FH, READLINE

read and put on the stack a line from the filedscriptor stored in the variable FH
 

LOOP and DECISION operators

a IF xxx THEN

test the element on top of stack 
        if == 1 execute 'xxx' block
        
The loop is executed always one time

a IF zzz ELSE xxx THEN

test the element on top of stack 
        if == 1 execute 'xxx' block
        if != 1 execute 'zzz' block 
        
The loop is executed always one time

BEGIN xxx WHILE zzz REPEAT

execute 'xxx' block
test the element on top of stack 
        if == 0 execute 'zzz' block and branch again at 'BEGIN'
        if != 0 end the loop
        
The loop is executed always one time

end start DO,block,LOOP

process 'block' with iterator from value 'start' until 'end' value,with increment of 1;
The iterator variable is the second value on the stack (start argument)

end start increment DO,block,+LOOP

process 'block' with iterator from value 'start' untill 'end' value,with increment of 'increment' 
This allow rational or negative value
The iterator variable is the second value on the stack (start argument)

Useful functions for the module (not related to the RPN language)

rpn_error()

function which return the debug info from the calculation (like a division by 0)

rpn_separator_out( 'sep' )

function to set a specific separator for the returned stack (default = space)
This is useful when the result of rpn() is use inside another rpn() call 

rpn_separator_in( 'sep' )

function to set a specific separator for the input data (default = ')

OPERATORS

    The operators get value from the stack and push the result on top
    In the following explanation, the stack is represented as a pair of brackets ()
    and each elements by a pair of square barcket []
    The left part is the state before evalutation 
    and the right part is the state of the stack after evaluation 

       Arithmetic operators
       ---------------------
           +                   ([a][b])                ([a+b])
           -                   ([a][b])                ([a-b])
           *                   ([a][b])                ([a*b])
           /                   ([a][b])                ([a/b])         Becare if division by null return a blank value
           **                  ([a][b])                ([a**b])
           1+                  ([a])                   ([a+1])
           1-                  ([a])                   ([a-1])
           2+                  ([a])                   ([a+2])
           2-                  ([a])                   ([a-2])    
           MOD                 ([a][b])                ([a%b])
           ABS                 ([a])                   ([ABS a])
           INT                 ([a])                   ([INT a])
           +-                  ([a])                   ([-a])
           REMAIN              ([a])                   ([a- INT a])
           
       Rationnal operators
       -------------------  
           SIN                 ([a])                   ([SIN a])       Unit in radian
           COS                 ([a])                   ([COS a])       Unit in radian
           TAN                 ([a])                   ([TAN a])       Unit in radian
           CTAN                ([a])                   ([CTAN a])      Unit in radian
           LN                  ([a])                   ([LOG a])
           LOGB                ([a][b])                ([LOG base b of a]) 
           EXP                 ([a])                   ([EXP a])
           PI                                          ([3.14159265358979])    
           
       Relational operator
       ----------------
           <                   ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a]<[b] else ([0])
           <=                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a]<=[b] else ([0])
           >                   ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a]>[b] else ([0])
           >=                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a]>=[b] else ([0])    
           ==                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a]==[b] else ([0])
           <=>                 ([a][b])                ([-1]) if [a]>[b],([1]) if [a]<[b], ([0])if [a]==[b]
           !=                  ([a][b])                ([0]) if [a]==[b] else ([1])
           TRUE                ([a])                   Return 1 if [a]>0 and exist
           FALSE               ([a])                   Return 0 if [a]>0
           
       Logical operator
       ----------------
       
           OR                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a] or [b] >0
           AND                 ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a] and [b] >0
           XOR                 ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a] and [b] are >0 or ==0
           NOT                 ([a])                   Return 0 if [a]>0, Return 1 if[a]==0, 
       
       Other operator
       ----------------
       
           >>                  ([a][b])                shift to the right the bits from [a] of [b] rank
           <<                  ([a][b])                shift to the left the bits from [a] of [b] rank
           MIN                 ([a][b])                ([a]) if  [a]<[b] else ([b]) 
           MAX                 ([a][b])                ([a]) if  [a]>[b] else ([b]) 
           LOOKUP              ([a] V R [ope] )        test [ a ] on all value of array V with the operator [ope] 
                                                       if succeed, return the value from array R at the succesfull indice
           LOOKUPP             ([a] V R [ope] )        test [ a ] on all value of array V with the perl operator [ope] 
                                                       if succeed, return the value from array R at the succesfull indice
           LOOKUPOP            ([a] V R O] )           test [ a ] on all value of array V with the operator from the array OPE with the same indice
           LOOKUPOPP           ([a] V R O] )           test [ a ] on all value of array V with the perl operator from the array OPE with the same indice
                                                       if succeed, return the value from array R at the succesfull indice
           TICK                ()                      ([time]) time in ticks
           LTIME               ([a])                   ([min][hour][day_in_the_month][month][year][day_in_week][day_year][daylight_saving]
                                                       localtime of [a] like PERL
           GTIME               ([a])                   ([min][hour][day_in_the_month][month][year][day_in_week][day_year][daylight_saving]
                                                       ([a]) gmtime of [a] like PERL
           HLTIME              ([a])                   ([a]) localtime human readeable
           HGTIME              ([a])                   gmtime human readeable          
           RAND                ()                      ([rand]) a random numder between 0 and 1
           LRAND               ([a])                   ([rand]) a random numder between 0 and [a]
           SPACE               ([a])                   Return [a] with space between each 3 digits
           DOT                 ([a])                   Return [a] with dot (.) between each 3 digits
           NORM                ([a])                   Return [a] normalized by 1000 (K,M,G = 1000 * unit)
           NORM2               ([a])                   Return [a] normalized by 1000 (K,M,G = 1024 * unit)
           OCT                 (|a|)                   Return the DECIMAL value from HEX,OCTAL or BINARY value |a| (see oct from perl)
           OCTSTR2HEX          (|a|)                   Return a HEX string from a OCTETSTRING
           HEX2OCTSTR          (|a|)                   Return a OCTETSTRING string from a HEX
           DDEC2STR            (|a|)                   Return a string from a dotted DEC string
           STR2DDEC            (|a|)                   Return a dotted DEC string to a string

       String operators
       ----------------
           EQ                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a] eq [b] else ([0])
           NE                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a] ne [b] else ([0])
           LT                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a] lt [b] else ([0])
           GT                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a] gt [b] else ([0])
           LE                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a] le [b] else ([0])
           GE                  ([a][b])                ([1]) if [a] ge [b] else ([0])
           CMP                 ([a][b])                ([-1]) if [a] gt [b],([1]) if [a] lt [b], ([0])if [a] eq [b]
           LEN                 ([a])                   ([LENGTH a])
           CAT                 ([a][b])                ([ab])  String concatenation
           CATALL              ([a][b]...[z])          ([ab...z]) String concatenation of all elements on the stack
           REP                 ([a][b])                ([a x b]) repeat [b] time the motif [a]
           REV                 ([a])                   ([REVERSE a])
           SUBSTR              ([a][b][c])             ([SUBSTR [a], [b], [c]) get substring of [a] starting from [b] untill [c]
           UC                  ([a])                   ([UC a])
           LC                  ([a])                   ([LC a])
           UCFIRST             ([a])                   ([UCFIRST a])
           LCFIRST             ([a])                   ([LCFIRST a])
           PAT                 ([a][b])                ([r1]...) use the pattern [b] on the string [a] and return result 
                                                       if more then one result like $1, $2 ... return all the results 
           PATI                ([a][b])                ([r1]...) use the pattern CASE INSENSITIVE [b] on the string [a] and return result 
                                                       if more then one result like $1, $2 ... return all the results
           TPAT                ([a][b])                ([r]) use the pattern [b] on the string [a] and return 1 if pattern macth 
                                                       otherwise return 0
           TPATI               ([a][b])                ([r]) use the pattern CASE INSENSITIVE [b] on the string [a] and return 1 if pattern macth 
                                                       otherwise return 0
           SPLIT               ([a][b])                split ([a]) using the pattern ([b]) and return all elements on stack
           SPLITI                                      split ([a]) using the pattern CASE INSENSITIVE  ([b])) and return all elements on stack
           SPLIT2              ([a][R1][R2][K][V])     split ([a]) using the pattern ([R1]), each result are splitted using the pattern ([R2])
                                                       the result are stored in the variables [K] and [V]
           SPAT                ([a][b][c])             Do a pattern subsititution following this rule I<[c] =~s/[a]/[b]/>
           SPATG               ([a][b][c])             Do a pattern subsititution following this rule I<[c] =~s/[a]/[b]/g>
           SPATI               ([a][b][c])             Do a pattern subsititution following this rule I<[c] =~s/[a]/[b]/i> 
                                                       (case insensitive)
           SPATGI              ([a][b][c])             Do a pattern subsititution following this rule I<[c] =~s/[a]/[b]/gi> 
                                                       (case insensitive)
           PRINTF              ([a][b]...[x])          use the format present in [a] to print the value [b] to [x] 
                                                       the format is the same as (s)printf 
           PACK                ([a][b]...[x])          Do an unpack on variable [b] to [x] using format [b] 
           UNPACK              ([a][b])                Do an unpack on variable [b] using format [a]
           
           ISNUM               ([a])                   Test if a is a NUMBER return 1 if success ( [a] [1|0] )
                                                       Keep the value on the stack
           ISNUMD              ([a])                   Test if a is a NUMBER return 1 if success ( [1|0] )
                                                       Remove the value from the stack
           ISINT               ([a])                   Test if a is a INTEGER (natural number )
                                                       Return 1 if success ( [a] [1|0] )
                                                       Keep the value on the stack
           ISINTD              ([a])                   Test if a is a INTEGER (natural number )
                                                       Return 1 if success ( [1|0] )
                                                       Remove the value from the stack                                 
           ISHEX               ([a])                   Test if a is a HEXADECIMAL (hex starting with 0x or 0X or # )
                                                       Return 1 if success ( [a] [1|0] )
                                                       Keep the value on the stack
           ISHEXD              ([a])                   Test if a is a HEXADECIMAL (hex starting with 0x or 0X or # )
                                                       Return 1 if success ( [1|0] )
                                                       Remove the value from the stack                                 
                                                       

        Stack operators
        ---------------
               
           SWAP                ([a][b])                ([b][a])
           OVER                ([a][b])                ([a][b][a])
           DUP                 ([a])                   ([a][a])
           DDUP                ([a][b])                ([a][b][a][b])
           ROT                 ([a][b][c])             ([b][c][a])
           RROT                ([a][b][c])             ([c][a][b])
           DEPTH               ([r1]...)               ([re1]...[nbr]) Return the number of elements in the statck
           POP                 ([a][b])                ([a])
           POPN                ([a][b][c]...[x])       ([l]...[x]) remove [b] element from the stack (starting at [c])
           SWAP2               ([a][b][c])             ([a][c][b])
           ROLL                ([a][b][c][d][e][n])    ([a][c][d][e][b]) rotate the [n] element of the stack (here [n]=4)
                                                       if  [n] =3 it is equivalent to ROT
           PICK                ([a][b][c][d][e][n])    ([a][b][c][d][e][b]) copy element from depth [n] on top 
           GET                 ([a][b][c][d][e][n])    ([a][b][c][d][e][b]) get element from depth [n] and put on top 
           PUT                 ([a][b][c][d][v][n])    ([a][v][b][c][d]) put element [v] at level [n] (here [n]=3)
           DEL                 ([a][b])                delete [b] element on the stack from level [a]
                                                       [a] and [b] is get in absolute value        
           KEEPN               ([a][b])                keep [b] element(s) on the stack from level [a] 
                                                       (and delete all other elements)
                                                       [a] and [b] is get in absolute value        
           KEEPR
           KEEPRN
           PRESERVE            ([a][b])                keep element(s) on the stack from level [a] to level [b]
                                                       (and delete all other elements)
                                                       [a] and [b] is get in absolute value
           COPY                ([a][b])                copy element(s) on the stack from level [a] to level [b]
                                                       [a] and [b] is get in absolute value                                    
           FIND                ([a])                   get the level of stack containing [a]
           SEARCH              ([a])                   get the level of stack containing the REGEX [a]
           SEARCHI             ([a])                   get the level of stack containing the REGEX [a] ( case insensitive )
           SEARCHK             ([a])                   keep only level of stack matching the REGEX [a]
           SEARCHIK            ([a])                   keep only level of stack matching the REGEX [a] ( case insensitive )
           KEEP                ([a][b][c][d][e][n])    remove all elements of the stack except the element at deepth |n|
           
        Dictionary operators
        --------------------    
         
           WORDS               ()                              ([a])return as one stack element the list of WORD in DICT separated by a |      
           VARS                ()                              ([a])return as one stack element the list of VARIABLE in VAR separated by a |                           
           INC                 ([a])                           () increment (+1) the value of variable [a]
           DEC                 ([a])                           () decrement (-1) the value of variable [a]
           VARIABLE            ([a])                           () create a entry in VAR for the variable [a]
           !                   ([a][b])                        store the value [a] in the variable [b]
           !A
           !!                  ([a][b][c]...[n] [var])         put and delete 'n' element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
                                                               'n' is in absolute value        
           !!A
           !!C                 ([a][b][c]...[n] [var])         copy 'n' element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
                                                               'n' is in absolute value        
           !!CA
           !!!                 ([a][b][c]...[n1] [n2] [var])   put and delete element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
                                                               starting at element  'a' to element 'b'
                                                               'a' and 'b' in absolute value 
                                                               if 'a' > 'b'  keep the reverse of selection (boustrophedon)
           !!!A
           !!!C                        ([a][b][c]...[n] [var]) copy 'element(s) from the stack in the variable 'var'
                                                               starting at element  'a' to element 'b'
                                                               'a' and 'b' in absolute value 
                                                               if 'a' > 'b'  keep the reverse of selection (boustrophedon)                                                             
           !!!CA
           @                   ([a])                           ([a]) return the value of the variable [a]
           : xxx yyy ;                                         create a new word (sub) into the dictionary with the xxx "code" and name yyy
           : xxx yyy PERLFUNC                                  execute the PERL function yyy with parameter(s) yyy 
                                                               the default name space is "main::"
                                                               It is possible tu use a specific name space
           : xxx yyy PERL                                      execute the PERL code xxx ; yyy                                 

        File oprator
        -------------
        
          OPEN
          STAT
          SEEK
          TELL
          CLOSE
          GETC
          GETCS
          READLINE
          WRITE
          WRITELINE
          
        Return Stack operators
        ----------------------
        
          >R                   ([a])                   put ^a$ on the return stack
          R>                   ()                      remove first element from the return stack and copy on the normal
          RL                   ()                      return the depth of the return stack
          R@                   ()                      copy return stack ion normal stack

       LOOP and DECISION operators
       ---------------------------
       
        [a] IF [..xxx] THEN                            Test the element on top of stack
                                                         if ==0, execute 'xxx' block
                                                       The loop is executed always one time
        
        [a] IF [...zzz...] ELSE [..xxx...] THEN        Test the element on top of stack
                                                         if ==0, execute 'xxx' block
                                                         if != 0 execute 'zzz' block
                                                       The loop is executed always one time

        BEGIN xxx WHILE zzz REPEAT                     Execute 'xxx' block
                                                       Test the element on top of stack
                                                         if ==0 execute 'zzz' block and branch again to BEGIN
                                                         if != 0 end the loop
                                                       The loop is executed always one time

       [a] [b] DO [...xxx...] LOOP     ([a][b])        process block [...xxx...] with iterator from value [b] untill [a] value,
                                                       with increment of 1;
                                                       The iterator variable is '_I_' (read only and scoop only the DO ... LOOP block)
       
       [a] [b] DO [...xxx...] [c] +LOOP        ([a][b])        process block [...xxx...] with iterator from value [b] untill [a] value,
                                                       with increment of [c];
                                                       The iterator variable is '_I_' (read only and scoop only the DO ... LOOP block)

EXAMPLES

use Parse::RPN;

$test ="3,5,+";
$ret = rpn($test);  # $ret = 8

$test = "Hello World,len,3,+";
$ret = rpn($test);  # $ret = 14

$test = "'Hello,World',len,3,+";
$ret = rpn($test);  # $ret = 14

$test = "'Hello,World,len,3,+";
---------^-----------^-
$ret = rpn($test);  # $ret = 8 with a warning because the stack is not empty ([Hello] [8])
                    # be care to close your quoted string 

$test = "'Hello world','or',PAT,'or',EQ,IF,'string contain or',ELSE,'No or in string',THEN"
$ret = rpn($test);  # $ret = "Contain a coma"

$test = "'Hello world','or',TPAT,IF,'string contain or',ELSE,'No or in string',THEN";
$ret = rpn($test);  # $ret = "string contain or"


$test = "3,10,/,5,+,82,*,%b,PRINTF";
$ret = rpn($test);  # $ret = "110110010"

$test = "3,10,/,5,+,82,*,%016b,PRINTF";
$ret = rpn($test);  # $ret = "0000000110110010"

$test = "55,N,pack,B32,unpack,^0+(?=\d), ,spat,'+',ds";
$ret = rpn($test);  # $ret = 110111

$test = "7,3,/,10,3,/,%d %f,PRINTF";
@ret = rpn($test); # @ret = 2 3.333333

$test = "VARIABLE,a,0,a,!,##,b,BEGIN,bbbb,a,INC,a,@,4,>,WHILE,####,a,@,****,REPEAT";
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = ## b bbbb #### 1 **** bbbb #### 2 **** bbbb #### 3 **** bbbb
or
$test = "0,a,!,##,b,BEGIN,bbbb,a,INC,a,@,4,>,WHILE,####,a,@,****,REPEAT"; # the VARIABLE declaration is optionel
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = ## b bbbb #### 1 **** bbbb #### 2 **** bbbb #### 3 **** bbbb #### 4 **** bbbb

$test = "VARIABLE,a,0,a,!,z,0,5,-1,DO,a,INC,6,1,2,DO,A,_I_,+LOOP,#,+LOOP,##,a,@";
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = z A 3 A 5 A 7 # A 3 A 5 A 7 # A 3 A 5 A 7 # A 3 A 5 A 7 # A 3 A 5 A 7 # A 3 A 5 A 7 # ## 6

$test = 'a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,5,2,V1,!!!,uuu,V1,SIZE'
$ret  =rpn($test); # $ret = a b c d i uuu 4

$test = "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,3,KEEP";
$ret =rpn($test); # $ret = 7

$test = "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,30,KEEP";
$ret =rpn($test); # $ret = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

$test = "h,g,f,e,d,c,b,a,4,3,DEL";
$ret =rpn($test); # $ret = h,c,b,a

$test = 'test for a split,\s,SPLIT,DEPTH';
$ret =rpn($test); # $ret = test,for,a,split,4

$test = '# .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.768 | 48 # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.769 | 38 # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.771 | 42 # .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.770 | 58 #,\s?#\s?,\s\|\s,a,b,SPLIT2
$ret = rpn($test)
$ret = rpn(a,@); # $ret = .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.768,.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.769,.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.771,.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2.770
$ret = rpn(b,@); # $ret = 48,38,42,58
        
$test = "h,g,f,e,d,c,b,a,4,3,KEEPN"";
ret =rpn($test); # @ret = g,f,e,d

sub Test {
   my $a  = shift;
   my $b = shift;
   my $c = $a/$b;
   print "a=$a\tb=$b\ttotal=$c\n";
   return $c;
}
$test = ":,5,6,Test,PERLFUNC";
@ret =rpn($test); # call the function "Test" from the main package (the caller) with parameter 5,6 and return result (in @ret)

$test = ":,05,11,01,0,0,0,Time::Local::timelocal,PERLFUNC";
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = 1133391600

$test = "1,2,3,+,:, my $b=7, "open LOG , qq{ >/tmp/log }",print LOG time,PERL";
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = 1,5
and the file /tmp/log contain a line with the tick time.

$test = "11,55,*,5,2,401,+,:,my $b=,SWAP,CAT, "open LOG , qq{ >/tmp/log }",print LOG $b.qq{ \n },PERL"
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret =1 2 3 1 (the latest 1 is the succes result return)
and the file /tmp/log contain a line with 403 + a cariage return

$test = 'mb,tb,gb,mb,kb,4,V,!!,12,9,6,3,4,R,!!,V,R,"TPATI",LOOKUP'
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = 6

$test = '5,1,2,3,4,5,5,V,!!," "," ",ok," ",nok,5,R,!!,V,R,"<=",LOOKUPP'
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = nok

$test = '3,1,2,3,4,5,5,V,!!,a,b,ok,d,nok,5,R,!!,"<","<","<","<","<",5,O,!!,V,R,O,LOOKUPOPP'
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = d
  
$test =   1,2,3,4,2,5,2,10,7,DEPTH,1,DO,MAX,LOOP'
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = 10        ( = search the MAX in the stack )

$test =     'toto,tata,tota,tato,titi,tito,toti,tot,SEARCHA,DEPTH,r,!!,res1,res2,res3,res4,res5,res6,res7,res8,r,SIZE,DUP,s,!,1,DO,r,POPV,PICK,st,!A,LOOP,DEPTH,POPN,st,@'
@ret =rpn($test); # @ret = res2 res4 res8

The small tool 'RPN.pl' provide an easy interface to test quickly an RPN.
This include two test functions named 'save' and 'restore'
Try RPN.pl to get a minimal help. 
Take a look to the minimalistic code, and put RPN.pl in your path.

Sample of use:
RPN.pl -r '1,2,3,:,123,100,+,7,*,test,save,PERLFUNC'
save in file '/tmp/test' the value '1561' (whithout CR/LF) and return 1 2 3 1
        

AUTHOR

Fabrice Dulaunoy <fabrice@dulaunoy.com> 
It is a full rewrite from the version 1.xx to allow DICTIONNARY use
and STRUCTURE control
Thanks to the module Math::RPN from  Owen DeLong, <owen@delong.com> 
for the idea of using RPN in a config file

SEE ALSO

Math-RPN from  Owen DeLong, <owen@delong.com> 

TODO

Error processing, stack underflow...

CREDITS

Thank's to Stefan Moser <sm@open.ch> for the idea 
to call a perl function from the rpn() and also for pin-pointing an error in stack return. 

LICENSE

     Under the GNU GPL2

     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 
     under the terms of the GNU General Public 
     License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 
     of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 
     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the implied warranty of
     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 
     See the GNU General Public License for more details.

     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 
     along with this program; if not, write to the 
     Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, 
     Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA

     Parse::RPN   Copyright (C) 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 DULAUNOY Fabrice  
     Parse::RPN comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; 
     for details See: L<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> 
     This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute 
     it under certain conditions;