NAME
Configuration and calling
Operating-Modes
Embperl can operate in one of four modes:
- mod_perl
-
The mostly used way is to use Embperl together with mod_perl and Apache. This gives the best performance and the most possibilities.
- CGI/FastCGI
-
When you want to run Embperl on a machine that doesn't have mod_perl, you can run Embperl also as normal CGI script. Due to the overhead of CGI, this mode is much slower. To get a better performance you should consider using Embperl together with FastCGI. (http://www.fastcgi.com).
- Offline
-
You can use Embperl also on the command line. This is usefull for generating static content out of dynamic pages and can sometime be helpfull for testing.
- Call it from other Perl programms
-
If you have your own application and want to use Embperl's capbilities you can do so by calling Embperl::Execute. This allows to build your own application logic and useing Embperl possibilites for rendering content.
mod_perl
To use Embperl under mod_perl you must have installed Apache and mod_perl on your system. Then you add some directives to your httpd.conf to load Embperl and add Embperl as the PerlHandler. The following directives will cause all file with extetion epl to be handled by Embperl:
PerlModule Embperl
AddType text/html .epl
<Files *.epl>
SetHandler perl-script
PerlHandler Embperl
Options ExecCGI
</files>Another possibility is to have all files under a special location processed by Embperl:
PerlModule Embperl
Alias /embperl /path/to/embperl/eg
<Location /embperl/x>
SetHandler perl-script
PerlHandler Embperl
Options ExecCGI
</Location>In this setup you should make sure that non Embperl files like images doesn't served from this directory.
For mod_perl 2.0 you need addtionaly to load the dynamic object library of Embperl. This is necessary so Embperl is loaded early enough to register the configuration directives with Apache. After installing, search underneath your Perl site directory for the library. On Unix it is mostly called Embperl.so on Windows it is called Embperl.dll. Now add the following line to your httpd.conf before any of the Embperl configuration directives, but after mod_perl.so is loaded:
LoadModule embperl_module /path/to/perl/site/lib/Embperl/Embperl.soTo use Embperl::Object you use the Embperl::Object as PerlHandler:
<Location /foo>
Embperl_AppName unique-name
Embperl_Object_Base base.htm
Embperl_UriMatch "\.htm.?|\.epl$"
SetHandler perl-script
PerlHandler Embperl::Object
Options ExecCGI
</Location>Addtionaly you can setup other parameters for Embperl::Object. If you do so inside a container (like <Location, <Directory>, <Files>>) you need to set Embperl_AppName to a unique-name (the actual value doesn't matter). The Embperl_UriMatch makes sure that only files of the requested type are served by Embperl::Object, while all others are served by Apache as usual.
For more information see: "perldoc Embperl::Object".
Embperl accepts a lot of configuration directives to customize it's behaviour. See the next section for a description.
CGI/FastCGI
To use this mode you must copy embpcgi.pl to your cgi-bin directory. You can invoke it with the URL http://www.domain.xyz/cgi-bin/embpcgi.pl/url/of/your/document.
The /url/of/your/document will be passed to Embperl by the web server. Normal processing (aliasing, etc.) takes place before the URI makes it to PATH_TRANSLATED.
If you are running the Apache httpd, you can also define embpcgi.pl as a handler for a specific file extension or directory.
Example of Apache httpd.conf:
<Directory /path/to/your/html/docs>
Action text/html /cgi-bin/embperl/embpcgi.pl
</Directory>NOTE: Via CGI Scripts it maybe possible to bypass some of the Apache setup. To avoid this use Embperl_Allow to restrict access to the files, which should be processed by Embperl.
For Embperl::Object you have to use epocgi.pl instead of embpcgi.pl.
You can also run Embperl with FastCGI, in this case use embpfastcgi.pl as cgi script. You must have FCGI.pm installed.
Offline
Run Embperl from the comannd line use embpexec.pl on unix and embpexec.bat on windows:
B<embpexec.pl [options] htmlfile [query_string]>
B<embpexec.bat [options] htmlfile [query_string]>- htmlfile
-
The full pathname of the source file which should be processed by Embperl.
- query_string
-
Optional. Has the same meaning as the environment variable QUERY_STRING when invoked as a CGI script. That is, QUERY_STRING contains everything following the first "?" in a URL. <query_string> should be URL-encoded. The default is no query string.
Options:
- -o outputfile
-
Optional. Gives the filename to which the output is written. The default is stdout.
- -l logfile
-
Optional. Gives the filename of the logfile. The default is /tmp/embperl.log on unix and \embperl.log on windows.
- -d debugflags
-
Optional. Specifies the level of debugging (what is written to the log file). The default is nothing. See "EMBPERL_DEBUG" for exact values.
- -o options
-
See "EMBPERL_OPTIONS" for option values.
- -s syntax
-
Defines the syntax of the source. See See "EMBPERL_SYNTAX"
By calling Embperl::Execute (\%param)
Execute can be used to call Embperl from your own modules/scripts (for example from a Apache::Registry or CGI script) or from within another Embperl page to nest multiple Embperl pages (for example to store a common header or footer in a different file).
(See eg/x/Excute.pl for more detailed examples)
When you want to use Embperl::Object call Embperl::Object::Execute, when you want Embperl::Mail, call Embperl::Mail::Execute.
There are two forms you can use for calling Execute. A short form which only takes a filename and optional additional parameters or a long form which takes a hash reference as its argument.
Execute($filename, $p1, $p2, $pn) ;This will cause Embperl to interpret the file with the name $filename and, if specified, pass any additional parameters in the array @param (just like @_ in a Perl subroutine). The above example could also be written in the long form:
Execute ({inputfile => $filename,
param => [$p1, $p2, $pn]}) ;The possible items for hash of the long form are are descriped in the configuration section and parameter section.
EXAMPLES for Execute:
# Get source from /path/to/your.html and
# write output to /path/to/output'
Embperl::Execute ({ inputfile => '/path/to/your.html',
outputfile => '/path/to/output'}) ;
# Get source from scalar and write output to stdout
# Don't forget to modify mtime if $src changes
$src = '<html><head><title>Page [+ $no +]</title></head>' ;
Embperl::Execute ({ inputfile => 'some name',
input => \$src,
mtime => 1 }) ;
# Get source from scalar and write output to another scalar
my $src = '<html><head><title>Page [+ $no +]</title></head>' ;
my $out ;
Embperl::Execute ({ inputfile => 'another name',
input => \$src,
mtime => 1,
output => \$out }) ;
print $out ;
# Include a common header in an Embperl page,
# which is stored in /path/to/head.html
[- Execute ('/path/to/head.html') -]Configuration
Configuration can be setup in different ways, depending how you run Embperl. When you run under mod_perl, Embperl add a set of new configuration directives to the Apache configuration, so you can set them in your httpd.conf. When you run Embperl as CGI it takes the configuration from environment variables. For compatibility reason that can also be turned on under mod_perl, by adding Embperl_UseEnv on in your httpd.conf. When you call Embperl from another Perl programm, by calling the Execute function, you can pass your configuration along with other parameters as a hash reference. If you pass use_env =< 1 als parameter Embperl will also scan the environment for configuration informations. Last but not least you can pass configuration informations as options when you run Embperl via embpexec.pl from the command line. Some of the configuration options are also setable inside the page via the Empberl objects and you can read the current configuration from these objects.
You can not only pass configuration in different ways, there are also three different contexts: Application, Request and Component. A application describes a set of pages/files that belongs together and form the application. Application level configuration are the same for all files that belongs to an application. These configuration information need to be known before any request processing takes place, so they can't be modified during a request. Every application has it's own name. You can refer the configuration of an application, by simply setting the name of the application to use.
Request level configuration information applies to one request, some of them must be known before the request starts, some of them can still be modified during the request.
Configuration for components can be setup before the request, but can also be passed as argument when you call the component via Execute.
Embperl_Useenv
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_USEENV
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> use_env [read only]
- Default:
-
off unless runing as CGI script
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Tells Embperl to scan the enviromemt for configuration settings.
use_redirect_env
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> use_redirect_env [read only]
- Default:
-
off unless runing as CGI script
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Tells Embperl to scan the enviromemt for configuration settings which has the prefix REDIRECT_. This is normaly the case when the request is not the main request, but a subrequest.
Embperl_Appname
Specifies the name for an application. The name is basicly used to refer to this application elsewhere in httpd.conf without the need to setup the parameters for the apllication again.
Embperl_App_Handler_Class
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_APP_HANDLER_CLASS
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> app_handler_class [read only]
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Embperl will call the init method of the given class at the start of the request, but after all request parameters are setup. This give the class a chance to do any necessary computation and modify the request parameters, before the request is actualy executed. See internationalization for an example.
Embperl_Session_Handler_Class
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_SESSION_HANDLER_CLASS
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> session_handler_class [read only]
- Default:
-
Apache::SessionX
- Since:
-
1.3b3
- See also:
-
Session Handling
Set the class that performs the Embperl session handling. This gives you the possibility to implement your own session handling.
NOTE: Default until 1.3.3 was HTML::Embperl::Session, starting with 1.3.4 it is Apache::SessionX. To get the old session behaviour set it to HTML::Embperl::Session.
Embperl_Session_Args
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_SESSION_ARGS
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> session_args [read only]
- Since:
-
1.3b3
- See also:
-
Session Handling
List of arguments for Apache::Session classes Arguments that contains spaces can be quoted. Example:
EMBPERL_SESSION_ARGS "DataSource=dbi:mysql:session UserName=www 'Password=secret word'"Embperl_Session_Classes
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_SESSION_CLASSES
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> session_classes [read only]
- Since:
-
1.3b3
- See also:
-
Session Handling
Space separated list of object store and lock manager (and optionally the serialization and id generating class) for Apache::Session (see "Session handling")
Embperl_Session_Config
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_SESSION_CONFIG
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> session_config [read only]
- Default:
-
given when running Makefile.PL of Apache::SessionX
- Since:
-
1.3.3
- See also:
-
Session Handling
Selects a session configuration from the configurations you have defined when running Apache::SessionX's Makefile.PL.
NOTE: Use either EMBPERL_SESSION_CONFIG or EMBPERL_SESSION_ARGS and EMBPERL_SESSION_CLASSES
Embperl_Cookie_Name
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_COOKIE_NAME
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> cookie_name [read only]
- Default:
-
EMBPERL_UID
- Since:
-
1.2b4
- See also:
-
Session Handling
Set the name that Embperl uses when it sends the cookie with the session id.
Embperl_Cookie_Domain
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_COOKIE_DOMAIN
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> cookie_domain [read only]
- Default:
-
none
- Since:
-
1.2b4
- See also:
-
Session Handling
Set the domain that Embperl uses for the cookie with the session id.
Embperl_Cookie_Path
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_COOKIE_PATH
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> cookie_path [read only]
- Default:
-
none
- Since:
-
1.2b4
- See also:
-
Session Handling
Set the path that Embperl uses for the cookie with the session id.
Embperl_Cookie_Expires
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_COOKIE_EXPIRES
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> cookie_expires [read only]
- Default:
-
at the end of the session
- Since:
-
1.3b5
- See also:
-
Session Handling
Set the expiration date that Embperl uses for the cookie with the session id. You can specify the full date or relativ values. The following forms are all valid times:
+30s 30 seconds from now
+10m ten minutes from now
+1h one hour from now
-1d yesterday (i.e. "ASAP!")
now immediately
+3M in three months
+10y in ten years time
Thursday, 25-Apr-1999 00:40:33 GMT at the indicated time & dateEmbperl_Cookie_Secure
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_COOKIE_SECURE
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> cookie_secure [read only]
- Default:
-
at the end of the session
- Since:
-
2.0b9
- See also:
-
Session Handling
Set the secure flag of cookie that Embperl uses for the session id. If set the cookie will only be transfered over a secured connection.
Embperl_Log
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_LOG
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> log [read only]
- Default:
-
Unix: /tmp/embperl.log Windows: /embperl.log
Gives the location of the log file. This will contain information about what Embperl is doing. The amount of information depends on the debug settings (see "EMBPERL_DEBUG" below). The log output is intended to show what your embedded Perl code is doing and to help debug it.
Embperl_Debug
This is a bitmask which specifies what should be written to the log. To specify multiple debugflags, simply add the values together. You can give the value a decimal, octal (prefix 0) or hexadecimal (prefix 0x) value. You can also use the constants defined in Embperl::Constant. The following values are defined:
- dbgStd = 1 (0x1)
-
Show minimum information.
- dbgMem = 2 (0x2)
-
Show memory and scalar value allocation.
- dbgEval = 4 (0x4)
-
Show arguments to and results of evals.
- dbgEnv = 16 (0x10)
-
List every request's environment variables.
- dbgForm = 32 (0x20)
-
List posted form data.
- dbgInput = 128 (0x80)
-
Show processing of HTML input tags.
- dbgFlushOutput = 256 (0x100)
-
Flush Embperl's output after every write. This should only be set to help debug Embperl crashes, as it drastically slows down Embperl's operation.
- dbgFlushLog = 512 (0x200)
-
Flush Embperl's logfile output after every write. This should only be set to help debug Embperl crashes, as it drastically slows down Embperl's operation.
- dbgLogLink = 8192 (0x2000)
-
This feature is not yet implemented in Embperl 2.0!
Inserts a link at the top of each page which can be used to view the log for the current HTML file. See also "EMBPERL_VIRTLOG".
Example:
EMBPERL_DEBUG 10477 EMBPERL_VIRTLOG /embperl/log.htm <Location /embperl/log.htm> SetHandler perl-script PerlHandler Embperl Options ExecCGI </Location> - dbgDefEval = 16384 (0x4000)
-
Shows every time new Perl code is compiled.
- dbgHeadersIn = 262144 (0x40000)
-
Log all HTTP headers which are sent from and to the browser.
- dbgShowCleanup = 524288 (0x80000)
-
Show every variable which is undef'd at the end of the request. For scalar variables, the value before undef'ing is logged.
- dbgSession = 2097152 (0x200000)
-
Enables logging of session transactions.
- dbgImport = 4194304 (0x400000)
-
Show how subroutines are imported in other namespaces.
- dbgOutput = 0x08000
-
Logs the process of converting the internal tree strcuture to plain text for output
- dbgDOM = 0x10000
-
Logs things related to processing the internal tree data structure of documents
- dbgRun = 0x20000
-
Logs things related to execution of a document
- dbgBuildToken = 0x800000
-
Logs things related to creating the token tables for source parsing
- dbgParse = 0x1000000
-
Logs the parseing of the source
- dbgObjectSearch = 0x2000000
-
Shows how Embperl::Objects seraches sourcefiles
- dbgCache = 0x4000000
-
Logs cache related things
- dbgCompile = 0x8000000
-
Gives information about compiling the parsed source to Perl code
- dbgXML = 0x10000000
-
Logs things related to XML processing
- dbgXSLT = 0x20000000
-
Logs things related to XSLT processing
- dbgCheckpoint = 0x40000000
-
Logs things related to checkpoints which are internaly used during execution. This information is only usefull if you have a deep knowledge of Embperl internals.
Embperl_Maildebug
Debug value pass to Net::SMTP.
Embperl_Mailhost
Specifies which host the mail related functions of Embperl uses as SMTP server.
Embperl_Mailhelo
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_MAILHELO
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> mailhelo
- Default:
-
choosen by Net::SMTP
- Since:
-
1.3b4
Specifies which host/domain all mailrealted function uses in the HELO/EHLO command. A reasonable default is normaly choosen by Net::SMTP, but depending on your installation it may neccessary to set it manualy.
Embperl_Mailfrom
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_MAILFROM
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> mailfrom
- Default:
-
www-server@<server_name>
- Since:
-
1.2.1
Specifies the email address that is used as sender all mailrelted function.
Embperl_Mail_Errors_To
If set all errors will be send to the email adress given.
Embperl_Mail_Errors_Limit
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_MAIL_ERRORS_LIMIT
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> mail_errors_limit [read only]
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Do not mail more then <num> errors. Set to 0 for no limit.
Embperl_Mail_Errors_Reset_Time
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_MAIL_ERRORS_RESET_TIME
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> mail_errors_reset_time [read only]
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Reset error counter if for <sec> seconds no error has occured.
Embperl_Mail_Errors_Resend_Time
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_MAIL_ERRORS_RESEND_TIME
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> mail_errors_resend_time [read only]
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Mail errors of <sec> seconds regardless of the error counter.
Embperl_Object_Base
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_OBJECT_BASE
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> object_base [read only]
- Default:
-
_base.epl
- Since:
-
1.3b1
Name of the base page that Embperl::Objects searches for.
Embperl_Object_App
Filename of the application object that Embperl::Object searches for. The file should contain the Perl code for the application object. There must be no package name given (as the package is set by Embperl::Object) inside the file, but the @ISA should point to Embperl::App. If set this file is searched throught the same search path as any content file. After a successfull load the init method is called with the Embperl request object as parameter. The init method can change the parameters inside the request object to influence the current request.
Embperl_Object_Addpath
Additional directories where Embperl::Object searches for pages. In httpd.conf or as evironment variable directories are separated by ; (on Unix : works also). The parameter for Execute and the application object method expects/returns an array reference. This path is always appended to the searchpath.
Embperl_Object_Stopdir
Directory where Embperl::Object stops searching for the base page.
Embperl_Object_Fallback
If the requested file is not found by Embperl::Object, the file given by EMBPERL_OBJECT_FALLBACK is displayed instead. If EMBPERL_OBJECT_FALLBACK isn't set a staus 404, NOT_FOUND is returned as usual. If the fileame given in EMBPERL_OBJECT_FALLBACK doesn't contain a path, it is searched thru the same directories as EMBPERL_OBJECT_BASE.
Embperl_Object_Handler_Class
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_OBJECT_HANDLER_CLASS
- Method:
-
$application -> config -> object_handler_class
- Since:
-
1.3b1
If you specify this, the template base and the requested page inherit all methods from this class. This class must contain Embperl::Req in his @ISA array.
Embperl_Useenv
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_USEENV
- Method:
-
$request -> config -> use_env [read only]
- Default:
-
off unless runing as CGI script
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Tells Embperl to scan the enviromemt for configuration settings.
use_redirect_env
- Method:
-
$request -> config -> use_redirect_env [read only]
- Default:
-
off unless runing as CGI script
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Tells Embperl to scan the enviromemt for configuration settings which has the prefix REDIRECT_. This is normaly the case when the request is not the main request, but a subrequest.
Embperl_Allow
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_ALLOW
- Method:
-
$request -> config -> allow [read only]
- Default:
-
no restrictions
- Since:
-
1.2b10
If specified, only files which match the given perl regular expression will be processed by Embperl. All other files will return FORBIDDEN. This is especially useful in a CGI environment by making the server more secure.
Embperl_Urimatch
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_URIMATCH
- Method:
-
$request -> config -> urimatch [read only]
- Default:
-
process all files
- Since:
-
2.0b6
If specified, only files which match the given perl regular expression will be processed by Embperl, all other files will be handled by the standard Apache handler. This can be useful if you have Embperl documents and non Embperl documents (e.g. gifs) residing in the same directory.
Example:
# Only files which end with .htm will processed by Embperl
EMBPERL_URIMATCH \.htm$Embperl_Multfieldsep
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_MULTFIELDSEP
- Method:
-
$request -> config -> mult_field_sep [read only]
- Default:
-
\t
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Specifies the charachter that is used to separate multiple form values with the same name.
Embperl_Path
Can contain a semicolon (also colon under Unix) separated file search path. When a file is processed and the filename isn't an absolute path or does not start with ./ (or .\ under windows), Embperl searches all the specified directories for that file.
A special handling is done if the filename starts with any number of ../ i.e. refers to an upper directory. Then Embperl strips the same number of entries at the start of the searchpath as the filename contains ../. Execute and the method of the request object expects/returns a array ref.
Embperl_Debug
See application configuration for an describtion of possible values
Embperl_Options
This bitmask specifies some options for the execution of Embperl. To specify multiple options, simply add the values together.
- optDisableVarCleanup = 1
-
Disables the automatic cleanup of variables at the end of each request.
- optDisableEmbperlErrorPage = 2
-
Tells Embperl not to send its own errorpage in case of failure, but instead show as much of the page as possible. Errors are only logged to the log file. Without this option, Embperl sends its own error page, showing all the errors which have occurred. If you have dbgLogLink enabled, every error will be a link to the corresponding location in the log file. This option has no effect if optReturnError is set.
- optReturnError = 262144
-
With this option set, Embperl sends no output in case of an error. It returns the error back to Apache or the calling program. When running under mod_perl this gives you the chance to use the Apache ErrorDocument directive to show a custom error-document. Inside the ErrorDocument you can retrieve the error messages with
$errors = $req_rec -> prev -> pnotes('EMBPERL_ERRORS') ;where
$errorsis a array reference. (1.3b5+) - optShowBacktrace = 0x8000000
-
When set every error message not only show the sourcefiles, but all files from which this file was called by Execute.
Embperl_Output_Mode
Set the desired output format. 0 for HTML and 1 XML. If set to XML all tags that are generated by Embperl will contain a closing slash to conform to XML specs. e.g.
<input type="text" name="foo" />NOTE: If you set output_mode to XML you should also change escmode to XML escaping.
Embperl_Session_Mode
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_SESSION_MODE
- Method:
-
$request -> config -> session_mode
- Default:
-
smodeUDatCookie = 1
- Since:
-
no
Specifies how the id for the session data is passed between requests. Possible values are:
- smodeNone = 0
-
No session id will be passed
- smodeUDatCookie = 1
-
The session id for the user session will be passed via cookie
- smodeUDatParam = 2
-
The session id for the user session will append as parameter to any URL and inserted as a hidden field in any form.
- smodeUDatUrl = 4
-
The session id for the user session will passed as a part of the URL. NOT YET IMPLEMENTED!!
- smodeSDatParam = 0x20
-
The session id for the state session will append as parameter to any URL and inserted as a hidden field in any form.
You may add the UDat and SDat values together to get both sorts of sessions, for example the value 0x21 will pass the id for the user session inside a cookie and the id for the state session as parameters.
Embperl_Useenv
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_USEENV
- Method:
-
$component -> config -> use_env [read only]
- Default:
-
off unless runing as CGI script
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Tells Embperl to scan the enviromemt for configuration settings.
use_redirect_env
- Method:
-
$component -> config -> use_redirect_env [read only]
- Default:
-
off unless runing as CGI script
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Tells Embperl to scan the enviromemt for configuration settings which has the prefix REDIRECT_. This is normaly the case when the request is not the main request, but a subrequest.
Embperl_Package
The name of the package where your code will be executed. By default, Embperl generates a unique package name for every file. This ensures that variables and functions from one file do not conflict with those of another file. (Any package's variables will still be accessible with explicit package names.)
Embperl_Debug
See application configuration for an describtion of possible values
Embperl_Options
This bitmask specifies some options for the execution of Embperl. To specify multiple options, simply add the values together.
- optDisableVarCleanup = 1
-
Disables the automatic cleanup of variables at the end of each request.
- optDisableEmbperlErrorPage = 2
-
Tells Embperl not to send its own errorpage in case of failure, but instead show as much of the page as possible. Errors are only logged to the log file. Without this option, Embperl sends its own error page, showing all the errors which have occurred. If you have dbgLogLink enabled, every error will be a link to the corresponding location in the log file. This option has no effect if optReturnError is set.
- optReturnError = 262144
-
With this option set, Embperl sends no output in case of an error. It returns the error back to Apache or the calling program. When running under mod_perl this gives you the chance to use the Apache ErrorDocument directive to show a custom error-document. Inside the ErrorDocument you can retrieve the error messages with
$errors = $req_rec -> prev -> pnotes('EMBPERL_ERRORS') ;where
$errorsis a array reference. (1.3b5+) - optShowBacktrace = 0x8000000
-
When set every error message not only show the sourcefiles, but all files from which this file was called by Execute.
- optSafeNamespace = 4
-
Tells Embperl to execute the embedded code in a safe namespace so the code cannot access data or code in any other package. (See the chapter about "(Safe-)Namespaces and opcode restrictions" below for more details.)
- optOpcodeMask = 8
-
Tells Embperl to apply an operator mask. This gives you the chance to disallow special (unsafe) opcodes. (See the Chapter about "(Safe-)Namespaces and opcode restrictions" below for more details.)
- optDisableFormData = 256
-
This option disables the setup of %fdat and @ffld. Embperl will not do anything with the posted form data. Set this when using Execute from your perl script and you have already read the Form Data (via eg. CGI.pm).
- optAllFormData = 8192
-
This option will cause Embperl to insert all formfields in %fdat and @ffld, even if they are empty. Empty formfields will be inserted with an empty string. Without this option, empty formfields will be absent from %fdat and @ffld.
- optRedirectStdout = 16384
-
Redirects STDOUT to the Embperl output stream before every request and resets it afterwards. If set, you can use a normal Perl print inside any Perl block to output data. Without this option you can only use output data by using the [+ ... +] block, or printing to the filehandle OUT.
- optNoHiddenEmptyValue = 65536 (only 1.2b2 and above)
-
Normally, if there is a value defined in %fdat for a specific input field, Embperl will output a hidden input element for it when you use hidden. When this option is set, Embperl will not output a hidden input element for this field when the value is a blank string.
- optKeepSpaces = 1048576 (only 1.2b5 and above) = 0x100000,
-
Disable the removal of spaces and empty lines from the output. This is useful for sources other than HTML.
Embperl_Escmode
Turn HTML and URL escaping on and off.
NOTE: If you want to output binary data, you must set the escmode to zero.
For convenience you can change the escmode inside a page by setting the variable $escmode.
- escXML = 8 (or 15) (2.0b4 and above)
-
The result of a Perl expression is always XML-escaped (e.g., `>' becomes `>' and ' become ').
- escUrl + escHtml = 3 (or 7)
-
The result of a Perl expression is HTML-escaped (e.g., `>' becomes `>') in normal text and URL-escaped (e.g., `&' becomes `%26') within of
A,EMBED,IMG,IFRAME,FRAMEandLAYERtags. - escUrl = 2 (or 6)
-
The result of a Perl expression is always URL-escaped (e.g., `&' becomes `%26').
- escHtml = 1 (or 5)
-
The result of a Perl expression is always HTML-escaped (e.g., `>' becomes `>').
- escNode = 0
-
No escaping takes place.
- escEscape = 4
-
If you add this value to the above Embperl will always perform the escaping. Without it is possible to disable escaping by preceeding the item that normaly is escaped with a backslash. While this is a handy thing, it could be very dangerous in situations, where content that is inserted by some user is redisplayed, because they can enter arbitary HTML and preceed them with a backslash to avoid correct escaping when their input is redisplayed again.
NOTE: You can localize $escmode inside a [+ +] block, e.g. to turn escaping temporary off and output $data write
[+ do { local $escmode = 0 ; $data } +]Embperl_Input_Escmode
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_INPUT_ESCMODE
- Method:
-
$component -> config -> input_escmode [read only]
- Default:
-
0
- Since:
-
2.0b6
Tells Embperl how to handle escape sequences that are found in the source.
- 0
-
don't interpret input (default)
- 1
-
unescape html escapes to their characters (i.e. < becomes < ) inside of Perl code
- 2
-
unescape url escapes to their characters (i.e. %26; becomes & ) inside of Perl code
- 3
-
unescape html and url escapes, depending on the context
Add 4 to remove html tags inside of Perl code. This is helpfull when an html editor insert html tags like <br> inside your Perl code.
Set EMBPERL_INPUT_ESCMODE to 7 to get the old default of Embperl < 2.0b6
Set EMBPERL_INPUT_ESCMODE to 0 to get the old behaviour when optRawInput was set.
Embperl_Input_Charset
NOT YET IMPLEMENTED!
Embperl_Top_Include
Give a pieces of code that is include at the very top of every file.
Example:
Embperl_Top_Include "use MY::Module;"This will cause MY::Module to be used in every page. Note that Embperl_Top_Include must contain valid Perl code and must be ended with a semikolon.
NOTE: If you pass top_include as parameter to Execute it is only used in case the code is compiled (or recompiled) and not cached.
Embperl_Cache_Key
literal string that is appended to the cache key
Embperl_Cache_Key_Options
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_CACHE_KEY_OPTIONS
- Method:
-
$component -> config -> cache_key_options [read only]
- Default:
-
all options set
- Since:
-
2.0b1
Tells Embperl how to create a key for caching of the output
- ckoptPathInfo = 2
-
include the PathInfo into CacheKey
- ckoptQueryInfo = 4
-
include the QueryInfo into CacheKey
- ckoptDontCachePost = 8
-
don't cache POST requests (not yet implemented)
Embperl_Expires_Func
Function that is called every time before data is taken from the cache. If this funtion returns true, the data from the cache isn't used anymore, but rebuilt.
Function could be either a coderef (when passed to Execute), a name of a subroutine or a string starting with "sub " in which case it is compiled as anonymous subroutine.
NOTE: If &EXPIRES is defined inside the page, it get evaluated before the excecution of the page
Embperl_Cache_Key_Func
function that should be called when build a cache key. The result is appended to the cache key.
Embperl_Expires_In
Time in seconds that the output should be cached. (0 = never, -1 = forever)
NOTE: If $EXPIRES is set inside the page, it get evaluated before the excecution of the page
Embperl_Expires_Filename
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_EXPIRES_FILENAME
- Method:
-
$component -> config -> expires_filename [read only]
- Since:
-
2.0b8
Cache should be expired when the given file is modified.
Embperl_Syntax
Used to tell Embperl which syntax to use inside a page. Embperl comes with the following syntaxes:
- EmbperlHTML
-
all the HTML tags that Embperl recognizes by default
- EmbperlBlocks
-
all the [ ] blocks that Embperl supports
- Embperl
-
(default; contains EmbperlHtml and EmbperlBlocks)
- ASP
-
<% %> and <%= %>, see perldoc Embperl::Syntax::ASP
- SSI
-
Server Side Includes, see perldoc Embperl::Syntax::SSI
- Perl
-
File contains pure Perl (similar to Apache::Registry), but can be used inside EmbperlObject
- Text
-
File contains only Text, no actions are taken on the Text
-
Defines the <mail:send> tag, for sending mail. This is an example for a taglib, which could be a base for writing your own taglib to extent the number of available tags
- POD
-
translates pod files to XML, which can be converted to the desired output format by an XSLT transformation
- RTF
-
Can be used to process word processing documents in RTF format
You can get a description for each syntax if you type
perldoc Embperl::Syntax::xxxwhere 'xxx' is the name of the syntax.
You can also specify multiple syntaxes e.g.
EMBPERL_SYNTAX "Embperl SSI"
Execute ({inputfile => '*', syntax => 'Embperl ASP'}) ;The 'syntax' metacommand allows to switch the syntax or to add or subtract syntaxes e.g.
[$ syntax + Mail $]will add the Mail taglib so the <mail:send> tag is available after this line.
[$ syntax - Mail $]now the <mail:send> tag is unknown again
[$ syntax SSI $]now you can only use SSI commands inside your page.
Embperl_Recipe
Tells Embperl which recipe to use to process this component
Embperl_Xsltstylesheet
Tell the xslt processor which stylsheet to use.
Embperl_Xsltproc
- Env:
-
EMBPERL_XSLTPROC
- Method:
-
$component -> config -> xsltproc [read only]
- Default:
-
depends on compiltime options
- Since:
-
2.0b5
Tells Embperl which xslt processor to use. Current libxslt and xalan are supported by Embperl, but they must be compiled in to be available.
Parameters
Parameters gives addtionaly information about the current request or the execution of the current component. So we have two sorts of parameters Request and Component parameters. Request parameters are automaticly setup by Embperl with information Embperl takes from the current running enviroment. When Embperl is invoked via the Execute function, you can pass any of the parameters to Execute. Component parameters mainly reflect the parameters given to Execute.
filename
Gives the filename of the file that was actualy requested. Inside of the applications init function it can be changed to force Embperl to serve a different file.
unparsed_uri
The full unparsed_uri, includeing the query_string and the path_info.
uri
The decoded path of the unparsed_uri.
server_addr
URL of the server of the current request in the form schema://addr:port/ e.g. http://perl.apache.org/ (port is omitted if it is an default port)
path_info
The path_info, that is anything in the path after the file the is currently served.
query_info
Any parameters passed in a GET request after the question mark. The hash %fdat will contain these values in a already decoded and easy to use way. So it's normly more convenient to use %fdat instead.
language
The primary langange found in the browser Accept-Language HTTP header. This value is used for all language dependend functions inside Embperl. You can set it change the selection of message returned by $request -> gettext and [= =].
cookies
A hashref that contains all cookies send by the browser to the server.
inputfile
Give the name of the file that should be processed, e.g.
Execute({inputfile => 'mysource.epl'}) ;There is a shortcut when you only need to give the input file and no other parameters. The above is will do the same as:
Execute('mysource.epl') ;outputfile
Specify a file to which the output should be written. Example:
Execute({inputfile => 'mysource.epl',
outputfile => 'myoutput.htm'}) ;input
This parameter is used, when you have the source already in memory. You should pass a reference to a scalar that contains the source. Addtionaly you should give the inputfile parameter, to allow Embperl caching to keep track of different in memory sources. The mtime parameter is used to tell Embperl's cache if the source has change since the last call or not. If mtime if undef or of a different value as it was during the last call, the source is considered to be changed and everything is recompiled. Example:
# Get source from scalar
# Don't forget to modify mtime if $src changes
$src = '<html><head><title>Page [+ $no +]</title></head>' ;
Embperl::Execute ({ inputfile => 'some name',
input => \$src,
mtime => 1 }) ;output
Gives the possibility to write the output into a scalar instead of sending it to stdout or a file. You should give a reference to a scalar. Example:
Execute({inputfile => 'mysource.epl',
output => \$out}) ;sub
Call the given Embperl subroutine defined with [$sub$] inside the page. A shortcut for this is to append the name of the subroutine after the filename with a hash sign, so the following calls are doing the same thing:
Execute('mysource.epl#mysub') ;
Execute({inputfile => 'mysource.epl',
sub => 'mysub'}) ;If you leave out the filename, the sub is called in the current file, so this can only be used inside a file that is already processed by Embperl.
subreq
This utilizies Apache 2.0 filters to retrieve the output of a sub-request and uses it as input for the current component. For example if you have a CGI-Script and you need to post process it via Embperl or simply want to include it's output in another Embperl/Embperl::Object document you can write:
[- Execute ({subreq => '/cgi-bin/script.cgi'}) -]NOTE: You have to specify a URI and not a filename!
import
A value of one tells Embperl to define the subrountines inside the file (if not already done) and to import them as perl subroutines into the current namespace.
See [$ sub $] metacommand and section about subroutines for more info.
A value of zero tells Embperl to simply precompile all code found in the page. (With 2.0 it is not necessary anymore to do it before using the sub parameter on a different file).
firstline
Specifies the first linenumber of the sourcefile.
mtime
Last modification time of parameter input. If undef the code passed by input is always recompiled, else the code is only recompiled if mtime changes.
param
Can be used to pass parameters to the Embperl document and back. Must contain a reference to an array. Example:
Execute({inputfile => 'mysource.epl',
param => [1, 2, 3]}) ;
Execute({inputfile => 'mysource.epl',
param => \@parameters}) ;There is a shortcut, so the following code the aquivalent (NOTE: Don't use a array ref here):
Execute('mysource.epl', 1, 2, 3) ;
Execute('mysource.epl', @parameters) ;The array @param in the Embperl document is setup as an alias to the array. See eg/x/Excute.pl for a more detailed example.
fdat
Pass a hash reference to customly set %fdat. If ffld is not given, ffld will be set to keys %fdat.
ffld
Pass a array reference to customly set @fdat. Does not affect %fdat.
object
Takes a filename and returns an hashref that is blessed into the package of the given file. That's usefull, if you want to call the subs inside the given file, as methods. By using the isa parameter (see below) you are able to provide an inherence tree. Additionaly you can use the returned hashref to store data for that object. Example:
[# the file eposubs.htm defines two subs: txt1 and txt2 #]
[# first we create a new object #]
[- $subs = Execute ({'object' => 'eposubs.htm'}) -]
[# then we call methods inside the object #]
txt1: [+ $subs -> txt1 +] <br>
txt2: [+ $subs -> txt2 +] <br>isa
Takes a name of a file and pushes the package of that file into the @ISA array of the current file. By using this you can setup an inherence tree between Embperl documents. Is is also usefull within Embperl::Object. Example:
[! Execute ({'isa' => '../eposubs.htm'}) !]errors
Takes a reference to an array. Upon return, the array will contain a copy of all errormessages, if any.
xsltparam
Takes a reference to hash which contains key/value pair that are accessable inside the stylesheet via <xsl:param>.
Embperl's Objects
There are three major objects in Embperl: application, request and component. Each of these objects can be used to get information about the processing and control the execution. Each of these objects has a config sub-object, which makes the configuration accessable and, where possible, changeable at runtime. The config method of these three objects returns a reference to the configuation object. The methods of these configurations objects are described in the section Configuration. The request and the component object have addtionaly a parameter sub-object, which holds parameters passed to the current request/component. The param method of these two objects returns the parameter sub-object. The methods of these parameter objects can be found in the section Parameters. Addtionaly each of the three major objects has a set of own methods, which are described here.
thread
Returns a reference to a object which hold per threads informations. There is only one such object per thread.
curr_req
Returns a reference to the current request object i.e. the object of the request currently running.
config
Returns a reference to the configuration object of the application. See section Configuration.
user_session
Returns a reference to the user session object.
state_session
Returns a reference to the state session object.
app_session
Returns a reference to the application session object.
udat
Returns a reference to a hash which contains the data of the user session. This has can be used to access and modify user session data. It's the same as accessing the global %udat.
sdat
Returns a reference to a hash which contains the data of the state session. This has can be used to access and modify state session data. It's the same as accessing the global %sdat.
mdat
Returns a reference to a hash which contains the data of the application session. This has can be used to access and modify application session data. It's the same as accessing the global %mdat.
errors_count
Contains the number of errors since last time send per mail. See also mail_errors_to.
errors_last_time
Time when the last error has occured. See also mail_errors_to.
errors_last_send_time
Time when the last mail with error messages was sent. See also mail_errors_to.
apache_req
Returns a reference to mod_perls Apache request object. In mod_perl 1 this is of type Apache:: in mod_perl 2 it's a Apache::RequestRec.
config
Returns a reference to the configuration object of the request. See section Configuration.
param
Returns a reference to the parameter object of the request. See section Parameters.
component
Returns a reference to the object of component currently running. See component methods below.
app
Returns a reference to the object of application to which the current request belongs. See application methods above.
thread
Returns a reference to a object which hold per threads informations. There is only one such object per thread.
request_count
Returns the number of request handled so far by this child process.
request_time
Start time of the current request.
session_mgnt
Set to true if session management is available.
session_id
Combined id of current user and state session.
session_state_id
Id of the current state session as received by the browser, this means this method returns undef for a new session.
session_user_id
Id of the current user session as received by the browser, this means this method returns undef for a new session.
had_exit
True if exit was called in one of the components processed so far.
log_file_start_pos
File possition of the log file at the time when the request has started.
error
True if there were any error during the request.
errors
Reference to an array which holds all error messages occured so far.
errdat1
Additional informations passed to the error handler when an error is reported.
errdat2
Additional informations passed to the error handler when an error is reported.
lastwarn
Last warning message.
cleanup_vars
Reference to an array which is filled with references to variables that should be cleaned up after the request. You can add your own variables that needs cleanup here, but you should never remove any variables from this array.
cleanup_packages
Refernce to a hash which contains all packages that must be cleaned up after the request.
initial_cwd
Working directory when the request started.
messages
Reference to an array of hashs of messages. This is used by Embperl to translate message into different languages. When a [= =] block is processed or $request -> gettext is called, Embperl searches this array. It starts from the first element in the array (each element in the array must be a hashref) and tries to lookup the text for the given symbol in hash. When it fails it goes to the next array element. This way you can setup multiple translation tables that are search for the symbol. Example:
%messages =
(
'de' =>
{
'addsel1' => 'Klicken Sie auf die Kategorie zu der Sie etwas hinzufügen möchten:',
'addsel2' => 'oder fügen Sie eine neue Kategorie hinzu. Bitte geben Sie die Beschreibung in so vielen Sprachen wie Ihnen möglich ein.',
'addsel3' => 'Falls Sie die Übersetzung nicht wissen, lassen Sie das entsprechende Eingabefeld leer.',
'addsel4' => 'Kategorie hinzufügen',
},
'en' =>
{
'addsel1' => 'Click on the category for wich you want to add a new item:',
'addsel2' => 'or add new category. Please enter the description in as much languages as possible.',
'addsel3' => 'If you don\'t know the translation leave the corresponding input field empty.',
'addsel4' => 'Add category',
}
) ;
$lang = $request -> param -> language ;
push @{$request -> messages}, $messages{$lang} ;
push @{$request -> default_messages}, $messages{'en'} if ($lang ne 'en') ;$request - param -> language> retrieves the language as given by the browser language-accept header (or set before in your program). Then it pushes the german or english messages hash onto the message array. Addtionaly it pushes the english messages on the default_messages array. Messages will be taken from this array if nothing can be found in the messages array.
default_messages
Reference to an array with default messages. Messages will be taken from this array if nothing can be found in the messages array.
config
Returns an reference to the configuration object of the component.
param
Returns an reference to the parameter object of the component.
req_running
True if Embperl is inside of the execution of the request.
sub_req
True is this is not the outermost Embperl component, i.e. this component is called from within another component.
inside_sub
True is we are inside a Embperl subroutine ([$ sub $] ... [$ endsub $])
had_exit
True if the exit was called during the excution of the component.
path_ndx
Tells Embperl how much parts of the path should be ignored when searching throught the path.
cwd
Directory of the source file of the component.
sourcefile
Source file of the component.
syntax
Syntax of the component
prev
Previous component, e.g. the component which called this component.
import_stash
While importing a component this is set to the stash to which symbols are imported. undef during normal execution.
exports
Symbols that should be exported by this component.
curr_package
Name of the package the component is executed in.
code
Only valid during compile phase. Can used to retrive and modify the code Embperl is generating. See Embperl::Syntax for more details and Embperl::Syntax::RTF for an example.
4 POD Errors
The following errors were encountered while parsing the POD:
- Around line 1824:
Expected text after =item, not a number
- Around line 1829:
Expected text after =item, not a number
- Around line 1834:
Expected text after =item, not a number
- Around line 3420:
Non-ASCII character seen before =encoding in 'hinzufügen'. Assuming CP1252