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AnyEvent-Porttracker-0.1
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/ AnyEvent::Porttracker

NAME

AnyEvent::Porttracker - Porttracker/PortIQ API client interface.

SYNOPSIS

use AnyEvent::Porttracker;

my $api = new AnyEvent::Porttracker
   host => "10.0.0.1",
   user => "admin",
   pass => "31331",
   tls  => 1,
;

# Example 1
# a simple request: ping the server

$api->req ("ping", sub {
   my ($api, $ok, $timestamp, $pid) = @_;
   ...
});

# Example 2
# find all realms, start a discovery on all of them
# and wait until all discovery processes have finished

my $cv = AE::cv;

$cv->begin;
# find all realms
$api->req (realm_info => ["gid", "name"], sub {
   my ($api, @realms) = @_;

   # start discovery on all realms
   for my $realm (@realms) {
      my ($gid, $name) = @$realm;

      $cv->begin;
      $api->req (realm_discover => $realm->[0], sub {
         warn "discovery for realm '$realm->[1]' finished\n";
         $cv->end;
      });
   }

   $cv->end;
});

$cv->recv;

# Example 3
# subscribe to realm_poll_stop events and report each occurance

$api->req (subscribe => "realm_poll_stop", sub {});
$api->on (realm_poll_stop_event => sub {
   my ($api, $gid) = @_;
   warn "this just in: poll for realm <$gid> finished.\n";
});

DESCRIPTION

Porttracker (http://www.porttracker.com/) is a product that (among other things) scans switches and routers in a network and gives a coherent view of which end devices are connected to which switch ports on which switches and routers. It also offers a JSON-based client API, for which this module is an implementation.

In addition to Porttracker, the PortIQ product is also supported, as it uses the same protocol.

If you do not have access to either a Porttracker or PortIQ box then this module will be of little value to you.

This module is an AnyEvent user, you need to make sure that you use and run a supported event loop.

To quickly understand how this module works you should read how to construct a new connection object and then read about the event/callback system.

The actual low-level protocol and, more importantly, the existing requests and responses, are documented in the official Porttracker API documentation (a copy of which is included in this module as AnyEvent::Porttracker::protocol.

THE AnyEvent::Porttracker CLASS

The AnyEvent::Porttracker class represents a single connection.

$api = new AnyEvent::Porttracker [key => value...]

Creates a new porttracker API connection object and tries to connect to the specified host (see below). After the connection has been established, the TLS handshake (if requested) will take place, followed by a login attempt using either the none, login_cram_md6 or login methods, in this order of preference (typically, login_cram_md6 is used, which shields against some man-in-the-middle attacks and avoids transferring the password).

It is permissible to send requests immediately after creating the object - they will be queued until after successful login.

Possible key-value pairs are:

host => $hostname [MANDATORY]

The hostname or IP address of the Porttracker box.

port => $service

The service (port) to use (default: porttracker=55).

user => $string, pass => $string

These are the username and password to use when authentication is required (which it is in almost all cases, so these keys are normally mandatory).

tls => $bool

Enables or disables TLS (default: disables). When enabled, then the connection will try to handshake a TLS connection before logging in. If unsuccessful a fatal error will be raised.

Since most Porttracker/PortIQ boxes will not have a sensible/verifiable certificate, no attempt at verifying it will be done (which means man-in-the-middle-attacks will be trivial). If you want some form of verification you need to provide your own tls_ctx object with verify => 1, verify_peername => [1, 1, 1] or whatever verification mode you wish to use.

tls_ctx => $tls_ctx

The AnyEvent::TLS object to use. See tls, above.

on_XYZ => $coderef

You can specify event callbacks either by sub-classing and overriding the respective methods or by specifying code-refs as key-value pairs when constructing the object. You add or remove event handlers at any time with the event method.

$api->req ($type => @args, $callback->($api, @reply))

Sends a generic request of type $type to the server. When the server responds, the API object and the response arguments (without the success status) are passed to the callback, which is the last argument to this method.

If the request fails, then a fatal error will be raised. If you want to handle failures gracefully, you need to use ->req_failok instead.

The available requests are documented in the Porttracker API documentation (a copy of which is included in this module as AnyEvent::Porttracker::protocol.

It is permissible to call this (or any other request function) at any time, even before the connection has been established - the API object always waits until after login before it actually sends the requests, and queues them until then.

Example: ping the porttracker server.

$api->req ("ping", sub {
   my ($api, $ok, $timestamp, $pid) = @_;
   ...
});

Example: determine the product ID.

$api->req (product_id => sub {
   my ($api, $ok, $branding, $product_id) = @_;
   ...
});

Example: set a new license.

$api->req (set_license => $LICENSE_STRING, sub {
   my ($api, $ok) = @_;

   $ok or die "failed to set license";
});
$api->req_failok ($type => @args, $callback->($api, $success, @reply))

Just like ->req, with two differences: first, a failure will not raise an error, second, the initial status reply which indicates success or failure is not removed before calling the callback.

$api->on (XYZ => $callback)

Overwrites any currently registered handler for on_XYZ or installs a new one. Or, when $callback is undef, unregisters any currently-registered handler.

Example: replace/set the handler for on_discover_stop_event.

$api->on (discover_stop_event => sub {
   my ($api, $gid) = @_;
   ...
});

EVENTS/CALLBACKS

AnyEvent::Porttracker connections are fully event-driven, and naturally there are a number of events that can occur. All these events have a name starting with on_ (example: on_login_failure).

Programs can catch these events in two ways: either by providing constructor arguments with the event name as key and a code-ref as value:

my $api = new AnyEvent::Porttracker
   host => ...,
   user => ..., pass => ...,
   on_error => sub {
      my ($api, $msg) = @_;
      warn $msg;
      exit 1;
   },
;

Or by sub-classing AnyEvent::Porttracker and overriding methods of the same name:

package MyClass;

use base AnyEvent::Porttracker;

sub on_error {
   my ($api, $msg) = @_;
   warn $msg;
   exit 1;
}

Event callbacks are not expected to return anything and are always passed the API object as first argument. Some might have default implementations (for example, on_error), others are ignored unless overriden.

Description of individual events follow:

on_error $api, $msg

Is called for every (fatal) error, including error notifies. The default prints the message and destroys the object, so it is highly advisable to override this event.

on_login $api, $method

Called after a successful login, after which commands can be send. It is permissible to send commands before a successful login: those will be queued and sent just before this event is invoked. $method is the auth method that was used.

on_login_failure $api, $msg

Called when all login attempts have failed - the default raises a fatal error with the error message from the server.

on_hello_notify $api, $version, $authtypes, $nonce

This protocol notification is used internally by AnyEvent::Porttracker - you can override it, but the module will most likely not work.

on_info_notify $api, $msg

Called for informational messages from the server - the default implementation calls warn but otherwise ignores this notification.

on_error_notify $api, $msg

Called for fatal errors from the server - the default implementation calls warn and destroys the API object.

on_start_tls_notify $api

Called when the server wants to start TLS negotiation. This is used internally and - while it is possible to override it - should not be overridden.

on_event_notify $api, $eventname, @args

Called when the server broadcasts an event the API object is subscribed to. The default implementation (which should not be overridden) simply re-issues an "on_eventname_event" event with the @args.

on_XYZ_notify $api, ...

In general, any protocol notification will result in an event of the form on_NOTIFICATION_notify.

on_XYZ_event $api, ...

Called when the server broadcasts the named (XYZ) event.

SEE ALSO

AnyEvent, http://www.porttracker.com/, http://www.infoblox.com/en/products/portiq.html.

AUTHOR

Marc Lehmann <marc@porttracker.net>