NAME
App::BPOMUtils::NutritionLabelRef - Get one or more values from BPOM nutrition label reference (ALG, acuan label gizi)
VERSION
This document describes version 0.001 of App::BPOMUtils::NutritionLabelRef (from Perl distribution App-BPOMUtils-NutritionLabelRef), released on 2024-05-30.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
This distribution includes CLI utilities related to BPOM nutrition label reference (ALG, acuan label gizi):
FUNCTIONS
bpom_get_nutrition_label_ref
Usage:
bpom_get_nutrition_label_ref(%args) -> [$status_code, $reason, $payload, \%result_meta]
Get one or more values from BPOM nutrition label reference (ALG, acuan label gizi).
Examples:
List all nutrient (symbols):
bpom_get_nutrition_label_ref(action => "list_nutrients");
Result:
[ 200, "OK", [ "Alpha_Linoleic_Acid", "Biotin", "Ca", "Carbohydrate", "Cholesterol", "Choline", "Cr", "Cu", "Dietary_Fiber", "Energy", "F", "Fe", "I", "K", "L_Carnitine", "Linoleic_Acid", "Mg", "Mn", "Myo_Inositol", "Na", "P", "Protein", "Saturated_Fat", "Se", "Total_Fat", "VA", "VB1", "VB12", "VB2", "VB3", "VB5", "VB6", "VB9", "VC", "VD", "VE", "VK", "Zn", ], {}, ]
List all groups (symbols):
bpom_get_nutrition_label_ref(action => "list_nutrients");
Result:
[ 200, "OK", [ "Alpha_Linoleic_Acid", "Biotin", "Ca", "Carbohydrate", "Cholesterol", "Choline", "Cr", "Cu", "Dietary_Fiber", "Energy", "F", "Fe", "I", "K", "L_Carnitine", "Linoleic_Acid", "Mg", "Mn", "Myo_Inositol", "Na", "P", "Protein", "Saturated_Fat", "Se", "Total_Fat", "VA", "VB1", "VB12", "VB2", "VB3", "VB5", "VB6", "VB9", "VC", "VD", "VE", "VK", "Zn", ], {}, ]
List all ALG values:
bpom_get_nutrition_label_ref();
Result:
[ 200, "OK", [ { symbol => "Energy", group => "0to6mo", ref => 550, unit => "kkal" }, { symbol => "Energy", group => "7to11mo", ref => 725, unit => "kkal" }, { symbol => "Energy", group => "1to3y", ref => 1125, unit => "kkal" }, { symbol => "Energy", group => "general", ref => 2150, unit => "kkal" }, { symbol => "Energy", group => "pregnant", ref => 2510, unit => "kkal" }, { symbol => "Energy", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 2615, unit => "kkal" }, { symbol => "Protein", group => "0to6mo", ref => 12, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Protein", group => "7to11mo", ref => 18, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Protein", group => "1to3y", ref => 26, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Protein", group => "general", ref => 60, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Protein", group => "pregnant", ref => 76, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Protein", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 76, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Total_Fat", group => "0to6mo", ref => 34, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Total_Fat", group => "7to11mo", ref => 36, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Total_Fat", group => "1to3y", ref => 44, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Total_Fat", group => "general", ref => 67, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Total_Fat", group => "pregnant", ref => 84, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Total_Fat", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 87, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Saturated_Fat", group => "0to6mo", ref => undef, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Saturated_Fat", group => "7to11mo", ref => undef, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Saturated_Fat", group => "1to3y", ref => undef, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Saturated_Fat", group => "general", ref => 20, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Saturated_Fat", group => "pregnant", ref => 20, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Saturated_Fat", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 20, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Cholesterol", group => "0to6mo", ref => undef, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Cholesterol", group => "7to11mo", ref => undef, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Cholesterol", group => "1to3y", ref => undef, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Cholesterol", group => "general", ref => "<300", unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Cholesterol", group => "pregnant", ref => "<300", unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Cholesterol", group => "breastfeeding", ref => "<300", unit => "mg", }, { symbol => "Linoleic_Acid", group => "0to6mo", ref => 4.4, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Linoleic_Acid", group => "7to11mo", ref => 4.4, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Linoleic_Acid", group => "1to3y", ref => 7, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Linoleic_Acid", group => "general", ref => 13, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Linoleic_Acid", group => "pregnant", ref => 14, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Linoleic_Acid", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 14, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Alpha_Linoleic_Acid", group => "0to6mo", ref => 0.5, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Alpha_Linoleic_Acid", group => "7to11mo", ref => 0.5, unit => "g", }, { symbol => "Alpha_Linoleic_Acid", group => "1to3y", ref => 0.7, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Alpha_Linoleic_Acid", group => "general", ref => 1.4, unit => "g", }, { symbol => "Alpha_Linoleic_Acid", group => "pregnant", ref => 1.4, unit => "g", }, { symbol => "Alpha_Linoleic_Acid", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 1.3, unit => "g", }, { symbol => "Carbohydrate", group => "0to6mo", ref => 58, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Carbohydrate", group => "7to11mo", ref => 82, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Carbohydrate", group => "1to3y", ref => 155, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Carbohydrate", group => "general", ref => 325, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Carbohydrate", group => "pregnant", ref => 345, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Carbohydrate", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 360, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Dietary_Fiber", group => "0to6mo", ref => 0, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Dietary_Fiber", group => "7to11mo", ref => 5, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Dietary_Fiber", group => "1to3y", ref => 16, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Dietary_Fiber", group => "general", ref => 30, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Dietary_Fiber", group => "pregnant", ref => 35, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "Dietary_Fiber", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 38, unit => "g" }, { symbol => "VA", group => "0to6mo", ref => 375, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VA", group => "7to11mo", ref => 400, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VA", group => "1to3y", ref => 400, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VA", group => "general", ref => 600, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VA", group => "pregnant", ref => 816, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VA", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 850, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VD", group => "0to6mo", ref => 5, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VD", group => "7to11mo", ref => 5, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VD", group => "1to3y", ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VD", group => "general", ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VD", group => "pregnant", ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VD", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VE", group => "0to6mo", ref => 4, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VE", group => "7to11mo", ref => 5, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VE", group => "1to3y", ref => 6, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VE", group => "general", ref => 15, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VE", group => "pregnant", ref => 15, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VE", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 19, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VK", group => "0to6mo", ref => 5, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VK", group => "7to11mo", ref => 10, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VK", group => "1to3y", ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VK", group => "general", ref => 60, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VK", group => "pregnant", ref => 55, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VK", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 55, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB1", group => "0to6mo", ref => 0.3, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB1", group => "7to11mo", ref => 0.4, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB1", group => "1to3y", ref => 0.6, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB1", group => "general", ref => 1.4, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB1", group => "pregnant", ref => 1.4, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB1", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 1.4, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB2", group => "0to6mo", ref => 0.3, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB2", group => "7to11mo", ref => 0.4, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB2", group => "1to3y", ref => 0.7, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB2", group => "general", ref => 1.6, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB2", group => "pregnant", ref => 1.7, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB2", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 1.8, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB3", group => "0to6mo", ref => 2, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB3", group => "7to11mo", ref => 4, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB3", group => "1to3y", ref => 6, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB3", group => "general", ref => 15, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB3", group => "pregnant", ref => 16, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB3", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 15, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB5", group => "0to6mo", ref => 1.7, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB5", group => "7to11mo", ref => 1.8, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB5", group => "1to3y", ref => 2, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB5", group => "general", ref => 5, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB5", group => "pregnant", ref => 6, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB5", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 7, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB6", group => "0to6mo", ref => 0.1, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB6", group => "7to11mo", ref => 0.3, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB6", group => "1to3y", ref => 0.5, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB6", group => "general", ref => 1.3, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB6", group => "pregnant", ref => 1.7, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB6", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 1.8, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VB9", group => "0to6mo", ref => 65, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB9", group => "7to11mo", ref => 80, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB9", group => "1to3y", ref => 160, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB9", group => "general", ref => 400, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB9", group => "pregnant", ref => 600, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB9", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 500, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB12", group => "0to6mo", ref => 0.4, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB12", group => "7to11mo", ref => 0.5, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB12", group => "1to3y", ref => 0.9, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB12", group => "general", ref => 2.4, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB12", group => "pregnant", ref => 2.6, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "VB12", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 2.8, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Biotin", group => "0to6mo", ref => 5, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Biotin", group => "7to11mo", ref => 6, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Biotin", group => "1to3y", ref => 8, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Biotin", group => "general", ref => 30, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Biotin", group => "pregnant", ref => 30, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Biotin", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 35, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Choline", group => "0to6mo", ref => 125, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Choline", group => "7to11mo", ref => 150, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Choline", group => "1to3y", ref => 200, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Choline", group => "general", ref => 450, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Choline", group => "pregnant", ref => 450, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Choline", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 500, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VC", group => "0to6mo", ref => 40, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VC", group => "7to11mo", ref => 50, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VC", group => "1to3y", ref => 40, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VC", group => "general", ref => 90, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VC", group => "pregnant", ref => 90, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "VC", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 100, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Ca", group => "0to6mo", ref => 200, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Ca", group => "7to11mo", ref => 250, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Ca", group => "1to3y", ref => 650, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Ca", group => "general", ref => 1100, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Ca", group => "pregnant", ref => 1300, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Ca", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 1300, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "P", group => "0to6mo", ref => 100, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "P", group => "7to11mo", ref => 250, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "P", group => "1to3y", ref => 500, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "P", group => "general", ref => 700, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "P", group => "pregnant", ref => 700, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "P", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 700, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Mg", group => "0to6mo", ref => 30, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Mg", group => "7to11mo", ref => 55, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Mg", group => "1to3y", ref => 60, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Mg", group => "general", ref => 350, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Mg", group => "pregnant", ref => 350, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Mg", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 310, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Na", group => "0to6mo", ref => 120, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Na", group => "7to11mo", ref => 200, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Na", group => "1to3y", ref => 1000, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Na", group => "general", ref => 1500, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Na", group => "pregnant", ref => 1500, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Na", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 1500, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "K", group => "0to6mo", ref => 500, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "K", group => "7to11mo", ref => 700, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "K", group => "1to3y", ref => 3000, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "K", group => "general", ref => 4700, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "K", group => "pregnant", ref => 4700, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "K", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 5100, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Mn", group => "0to6mo", ref => 5.5, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Mn", group => "7to11mo", ref => 600, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Mn", group => "1to3y", ref => 1200, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Mn", group => "general", ref => 2000, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Mn", group => "pregnant", ref => 2000, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Mn", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 2600, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cu", group => "0to6mo", ref => 200, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cu", group => "7to11mo", ref => 220, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cu", group => "1to3y", ref => 340, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cu", group => "general", ref => 800, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cu", group => "pregnant", ref => 1000, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cu", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 1300, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cr", group => "0to6mo", ref => undef, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cr", group => "7to11mo", ref => 6, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cr", group => "1to3y", ref => 11, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cr", group => "general", ref => 26, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cr", group => "pregnant", ref => 30, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Cr", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 45, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Fe", group => "0to6mo", ref => 2.5, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Fe", group => "7to11mo", ref => 7, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Fe", group => "1to3y", ref => 8, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Fe", group => "general", ref => 22, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Fe", group => "pregnant", ref => 34, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Fe", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 33, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "I", group => "0to6mo", ref => 90, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "I", group => "7to11mo", ref => 120, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "I", group => "1to3y", ref => 120, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "I", group => "general", ref => 150, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "I", group => "pregnant", ref => 220, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "I", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 250, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Zn", group => "0to6mo", ref => 2.75, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Zn", group => "7to11mo", ref => 3, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Zn", group => "1to3y", ref => 4, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Zn", group => "general", ref => 13, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Zn", group => "pregnant", ref => 16, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Zn", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 15, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Se", group => "0to6mo", ref => 5, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Se", group => "7to11mo", ref => 10, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Se", group => "1to3y", ref => 17, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Se", group => "general", ref => 30, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Se", group => "pregnant", ref => 35, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "Se", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 40, unit => "mcg" }, { symbol => "F", group => "0to6mo", ref => undef, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "F", group => "7to11mo", ref => 0.4, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "F", group => "1to3y", ref => 0.6, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "F", group => "general", ref => 2.5, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "F", group => "pregnant", ref => 2.5, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "F", group => "breastfeeding", ref => 2.5, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "L_Carnitine", group => "0to6mo", ref => 6.6, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "L_Carnitine", group => "7to11mo", ref => 8.7, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "L_Carnitine", group => "1to3y", ref => 13.5, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "L_Carnitine", group => "general", ref => undef, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "L_Carnitine", group => "pregnant", ref => undef, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "L_Carnitine", group => "breastfeeding", ref => undef, unit => "mg", }, { symbol => "Myo_Inositol", group => "0to6mo", ref => 22, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Myo_Inositol", group => "7to11mo", ref => 29, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Myo_Inositol", group => "1to3y", ref => 45, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Myo_Inositol", group => "general", ref => undef, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Myo_Inositol", group => "pregnant", ref => undef, unit => "mg" }, { symbol => "Myo_Inositol", group => "breastfeeding", ref => undef, unit => "mg", }, ], { "table.fields" => ["symbol", "group", "ref", "unit", "%alg"] }, ]
List ALG for vitamin D, for all groups:
bpom_get_nutrition_label_ref(nutrient => "VD");
Result:
[ 200, "OK", [ { group => "0to6mo", ref => 5, unit => "mcg" }, { group => "7to11mo", ref => 5, unit => "mcg" }, { group => "1to3y", ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }, { group => "general", ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }, { group => "pregnant", ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }, { group => "breastfeeding", ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }, ], { "table.fields" => ["symbol", "group", "ref", "unit", "%alg"] }, ]
List ALG for vitamin D, for 1-3 years olds:
bpom_get_nutrition_label_ref(nutrient => "VD", group => "1to3y");
Result:
[ 200, "OK", [{ ref => 15, unit => "mcg" }], { "table.fields" => ["symbol", "group", "ref", "unit", "%alg"] }, ]
List ALG for vitamin D, for 1-3 years olds, and compare a value to reference:
bpom_get_nutrition_label_ref(nutrient => "VD", group => "1to3y", value => 10);
Result:
[ 200, "OK", [{ "ref" => 15, "unit" => "mcg", "%alg" => 66.6666666666667 }], { "table.fields" => ["symbol", "group", "ref", "unit", "%alg"] }, ]
This function is not exported by default, but exportable.
Arguments ('*' denotes required arguments):
action => str (default: "list_refs")
(No description)
detail => bool
(No description)
group => str
(No description)
nutrient => nutrient::symbol
(No description)
value => float
(No description)
Returns an enveloped result (an array).
First element ($status_code) is an integer containing HTTP-like status code (200 means OK, 4xx caller error, 5xx function error). Second element ($reason) is a string containing error message, or something like "OK" if status is 200. Third element ($payload) is the actual result, but usually not present when enveloped result is an error response ($status_code is not 2xx). Fourth element (%result_meta) is called result metadata and is optional, a hash that contains extra information, much like how HTTP response headers provide additional metadata.
Return value: (any)
HOMEPAGE
Please visit the project's homepage at https://metacpan.org/release/App-BPOMUtils-NutritionLabelRef.
SOURCE
Source repository is at https://github.com/perlancar/perl-App-BPOMUtils-NutritionLabelRef.
SEE ALSO
TableData::Business::ID::BPOM::NutritionLabelRef
Other App::BPOMUtils::*
distributions.
AUTHOR
perlancar <perlancar@cpan.org>
CONTRIBUTING
To contribute, you can send patches by email/via RT, or send pull requests on GitHub.
Most of the time, you don't need to build the distribution yourself. You can simply modify the code, then test via:
% prove -l
If you want to build the distribution (e.g. to try to install it locally on your system), you can install Dist::Zilla, Dist::Zilla::PluginBundle::Author::PERLANCAR, Pod::Weaver::PluginBundle::Author::PERLANCAR, and sometimes one or two other Dist::Zilla- and/or Pod::Weaver plugins. Any additional steps required beyond that are considered a bug and can be reported to me.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 2024 by perlancar <perlancar@cpan.org>.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
BUGS
Please report any bugs or feature requests on the bugtracker website https://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=App-BPOMUtils-NutritionLabelRef
When submitting a bug or request, please include a test-file or a patch to an existing test-file that illustrates the bug or desired feature.