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CatalystX-Declare-0.002
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/ CatalystX::Declare::Keyword::Action

NAME

CatalystX::Declare::Keyword::Action - Declare Catalyst Actions

SYNOPSIS

use CatalystX::Declare;

controller MyApp::Web::Controller::Example {

    # chain base action with path part setting of ''
    # body-less actions don't do anything by themselves
    action base as '' under '/';

    # simple end-point action
    action controller_class is final under base {
        $ctx->response->body( 'controller: ' . ref $self );
    }

    # chain part actions can have arguments
    action str (Str $string) under base {

        $ctx->stash(chars => [split //, $string]);
    }

    # and end point actions too, of course
    action uc_chars (Int $count) under str is final {

        my $chars = $ctx->stash->{chars};
        ...
    }


    # you can use a shortcut for multiple actions with
    # a common base
    under base {

        # this is an endpoint after base
        action normal is final;

        # the final keyword can be used to be more 
        # visually explicit about end-points
        final action some_action { ... }
    }

    # of course you can also chain to external actions
    final action some_end under '/some/controller/some/action';
}

DESCRIPTION

This handler class provides the user with action, final and under keywords. There are multiple ways to define actions to allow for greater freedom of expression. While the parts of the action declaration itself do not care about their order, their syntax is rather strict.

You can choose to separate syntax elements via , if you think it is more readable. The action declaration

action foo is final under base;

is parsed in exactly the same way if you write it as

action foo, is final, under base;

Basic Action Declaration

The simplest possible declaration is

action foo;

This would define a chain-part action chained to nothing with the name foo and no arguments. Since it isn't followed by a block, the body of the action will be empty.

You will automatically be provided with two variables: $self is, as you might expect, your controller instance. $ctx will be the Catalyst context object. Thus, the following code would stash the value returned by the get_item method:

action foo {
    $ctx->stash(item => $self->get_item);
}

Setting a Path Part

As usual with Catalyst actions, the path part (the public name of this part of the URI, if you're not familiar with the term yet) will default to the name of the action itself (or more correctly: to whatever Catalyst defaults).

To change that, use the as option:

under something {
    action base      as '';             # <empty>
    action something as 'foo/bar';      # foo/bar
    action barely    as bareword;       # bareword
}

Chaining Actions

Currently, CatalystX::Declare is completely based on the concept of chained actions. Every action you declare is chained or private. You can specify the action you want to chain to with the under option:

action foo;                     # chained to nothing
action foo under '/';           # also chained to /
action foo under bar;           # chained to the local bar action
action foo under '/bar/baz';    # chained to baz in /bar

under is also provided as a grouping keyword. Every action inside the block will be chained to the specified action:

under base {
    action foo { ... }
    action bar { ... }
}

You can also use the under keyword for a single action. This is useful if you want to highlight a single action with a significant diversion from what is to be expected:

action base under '/';

under '/the/sink' is final action foo;

final action bar under base;

final action baz under base;

Instead of the under option declaration, you can also use a more english variant named chains to. While under might be nice and concise, some people might prefer this if they confuse under with the specification of a public path part. The argument to chains to is the same as to under:

action foo chains to bar;
action foo under bar;

By default all actions are chain-parts, not end-points. If you want an action to be picked up as end-point and available via a public path, you have to say so explicitely by using the is final option:

action base under '/';
action foo under base is final;   # /base/foo

You can also drop the is part of the is final option if you want:

under base, final action foo { ... }

You can make end-points more visually distinct by using the final keyword instead of the option:

action base under '/';
final action foo under base;      # /base/foo

And of course, the final, under and action keywords can be used in combination whenever needed:

action base as '' under '/';

under base {

    final action list;          # /list

    action load;

    under load {

        final action view;      # /list/load/view
        final action edit;      # /list/load/edit
    }
}

There is also one shorthand alternative for declaring chain targets. You can specify an action after a <- following the action name:

action base under '/';
final action foo <- base;       # /base/foo

Arguments

You can use signatures like you are use to from MooseX::Method::Signatures to declare action parameters. The number of arguments will be used during dispatching. Dispatching by type constraint is planned but not yet implemented.

The signature follows the action name:

# /foo/*/*/*
final action foo (Int $year, Int $month, Int $day);

If you are using the shorthand definition, the signature follows the chain target:

# /foo/*
final action foo <- base ($x) under '/' { ... }

Parameters may be specified on chain-parts and end-points:

# /base/*/foo/*
action base (Str $lang) under '/';
final action page (Int $page_num) under base;

Named parameters will be populated with the values in the query parameters:

# /view/17/?page=3
final action view (Int $id, Int :$page = 1) under '/';

Your end-points can also take an unspecified amount of arguments by specifying an array as a variable:

# /find/some/deep/path/spec
final action find (@path) under '/';

Validation

Currently, when the arguments do not fit the signature because of a Moose validation error, the response body will be set to Bad Request and the status to 400. This only applies when debug mode is off. If it is turned on, the error message will be prefixed with BAD REQUEST: .

Actions and Method Modifiers

Method modifiers can not only be applied to methods, but also to actions. There is no way yet to override the attributes of an already established action via modifiers. However, you can modify the method underlying the action.

The following code is an example role modifying the consuming controller's base action:

use CatalystX::Declare;

component_role MyApp::Web::ControllerRole::RichBase {

    before base (Object $ctx) {
        $ctx->stash(something => $ctx->model('Item'));
    }
}

Note that you have to specify the $ctx argument yourself, since you are modifying a method, not an action.

Any controller having a base action (or method, for this purpose), can now consume the RichBase role declared above:

use CatalystX::Declare;

controller MyApp::Web::Controller::Foo
    with   MyApp::Web::Controller::RichBase {

    action base as '' under '/';

    action show, final under base { 
        $ctx->response->body(
            $ctx->stash->{something}->render,
        );
    }
}

ROLES

MooseX::Declare::Syntax::KeywordHandling

METHODS

These methods are implementation details. Unless you are extending or developing CatalystX::Declare, you should not be concerned with them.

parse

Object->parse (Object $ctx, Str :$modifier?, Int :$skipped_declarator = 0)

A hook that will be invoked by MooseX::Declare when this instance is called to handle syntax. It will parse the action declaration, prepare attributes and add the actions to the controller.

SEE ALSO

CatalystX::Declare
CatalystX::Declare::Keyword::Controller
MooseX::Method::Signatures

AUTHOR

See "AUTHOR" in CatalystX::Declare for author information.

LICENSE

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as perl itself.