Name

Data::Table::Text - Write data in tabular text format.

Synopsis

use Data::Table::Text;

# Print a table:

my $d =
 [[qq(a), qq(b\nbb), qq(c\ncc\nccc\n)],
  [qq(1), qq(1\n22), qq(1\n22\n333\n)],
 ];

my $t = formatTable($d, [qw(A BB CCC)]);

ok $t eq <<END;
   A  BB  CCC
1  a  b   c
      bb  cc
          ccc
2  1   1    1
      22   22
          333
END

# Print a table containing tables and make it into a report:

my $D = [[qq(See the\ntable\nopposite), $t],
         [qq(Or\nthis\none),            $t],
        ];


my $T = formatTable($D, [qw(Description Table)], head=><<END);
Table of Tables.

Table has NNNN rows each of which contains a table.
END

ok $T eq <<END;
Table of Tables.

Table has 2 rows each of which contains a table.


   Description  Table
1  See the         A  BB  CCC
   table        1  a  b   c
   opposite           bb  cc
                          ccc
                2  1   1    1
                      22   22
                          333
2  Or              A  BB  CCC
   this         1  a  b   c
   one                bb  cc
                          ccc
                2  1   1    1
                      22   22
                          333
END

# Print an array of arrays:

my $aa = formatTable
 ([[qw(A   B   C  )],
   [qw(AA  BB  CC )],
   [qw(AAA BBB CCC)],
   [qw(1   22  333)]],
   [qw (aa  bb  cc)]);

ok $aa eq <<END;
   aa   bb   cc
1  A    B    C
2  AA   BB   CC
3  AAA  BBB  CCC
4    1   22  333
END

# Print an array of hashes:

my $ah = formatTable
 ([{aa=> "A",   bb => "B",   cc => "C" },
   {aa=> "AA",  bb => "BB",  cc => "CC" },
   {aa=> "AAA", bb => "BBB", cc => "CCC" },
   {aa=> 1,     bb => 22,    cc => 333 }]);

ok $ah eq <<END;
   aa   bb   cc
1  A    B    C
2  AA   BB   CC
3  AAA  BBB  CCC
4    1   22  333
END

# Print a hash of arrays:

my $ha = formatTable
 ({""     => ["aa",  "bb",  "cc"],
   "1"    => ["A",   "B",   "C"],
   "22"   => ["AA",  "BB",  "CC"],
   "333"  => ["AAA", "BBB", "CCC"],
   "4444" => [1,      22,    333]},
   [qw(Key A B C)]
   );

ok $ha eq <<END;
Key   A    B    C
      aa   bb   cc
   1  A    B    C
  22  AA   BB   CC
 333  AAA  BBB  CCC
4444    1   22  333
END

# Print a hash of hashes:

my $hh = formatTable
 ({a    => {aa=>"A",   bb=>"B",   cc=>"C" },
   aa   => {aa=>"AA",  bb=>"BB",  cc=>"CC" },
   aaa  => {aa=>"AAA", bb=>"BBB", cc=>"CCC" },
   aaaa => {aa=>1,     bb=>22,    cc=>333 }});

ok $hh eq <<END;
      aa   bb   cc
a     A    B    C
aa    AA   BB   CC
aaa   AAA  BBB  CCC
aaaa    1   22  333
END

# Print an array of scalars:

my $a = formatTable(["a", "bb", "ccc", 4], [q(#), q(Col)]);

ok $a eq <<END;
#  Col
0  a
1  bb
2  ccc
3    4
END

# Print a hash of scalars:

my $h = formatTable({aa=>"AAAA", bb=>"BBBB", cc=>"333"}, [qw(Key Title)]);

ok $h eq <<END;
Key  Title
aa   AAAA
bb   BBBB
cc     333
END

Description

Write data in tabular text format.

Version 20190523.

The following sections describe the methods in each functional area of this module. For an alphabetic listing of all methods by name see Index.

Immediately useful methods

These methods are the ones most likely to be of immediate use to anyone using this module for the first time:

clearFolder

Remove all the files and folders under and including the specified folder as long as the number of files to be removed is less than the specified limit. Sometimes the folder can be emptied but not removed - perhaps because it a link, in this case a message is produced unless suppressed by the optional $nomsg parameter.

dateTimeStamp

Year-monthNumber-day at hours:minute:seconds

filePathExt

Create a file name from an array of file name components the last of which is an extension. Identical to fpe.

Remove path and extension from file name.

formatTable

Format various data structures as a table with titles as specified by $columnTitles: either a reference to an array of column titles or a string each line of which contains the column title as the first word with the rest of the line describing that column.

Optionally create a report from the table using the following optional report %options:

file=>$file the name of a file to write the report to.

head=>$head a header line in which DDDD will be replaced with the data and time and NNNN will be replaced with the number of rows in the table.

foot=>$foot footer text that will be placed immediately after the table.

summarize=>$summarize if true and $data is an array of arrays, then each column of the will be summarized by printing its distinct values and a count of how often each value occurs in a series of smaller tables following the main table.

wide=>$widewrite a note explaining the need to scroll to the right if true.

msg=>$msg if true a summary of the situation will be written to STDERR including the first line of the header and the file being written to.

zero=>$zero if true the report will be written to the specified file even if the report is empty.

Parameters:

genHash

Return a $blessed hash with the specified $attributes accessible via lvalue method calls. updateDocumentation will generate documentation at "Hash Definitions" for the hash defined by the call to genHash if the call is laid out as in the example below.

newProcessStarter

Create a new process starter with which to start parallel processes up to a specified $maximumNumberOfProcesses maximum number of parallel processes at a time, wait for all the started processes to finish and then optionally retrieve their saved results as an array from the folder named by $transferArea.

readFile

Read a file containing unicode in utf8.

searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles

Search the specified directory trees for the files (not folders) that match the specified extensions. The argument list should include at least one path name to be useful. If no file extension is supplied then all the files below the specified paths are returned.

sumAbsAndRel

Combine zero or more absolute and relative file names

writeFile

Write a unicode utf8 string to a new file that does not already exist after creating a path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess if a problem occurred or the file already exists.

xxx

Execute a shell command optionally checking its response. The command to execute is specified as one or more strings which are joined together after removing any new lines. Optionally the last string can be a regular expression that is used to test any non blank output generated by the execution of the command: if the regular expression fails the command and the command output are printed, else it is suppressed as being uninteresting. If such a regular expression is not supplied then the command and its non blank output lines are always printed.

Time stamps

Date and timestamps as used in logs of long running commands.

dateTimeStamp()

Year-monthNumber-day at hours:minute:seconds

Example:

ok 𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗧𝗶𝗺𝗲𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗺𝗽     =~ m(\A\d{4}-\d\d-\d\d at \d\d:\d\d:\d\d\Z), q(dts);

dateTimeStampName()

Date time stamp without white space.

Example:

ok 𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗧𝗶𝗺𝗲𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 =~ m(\A_on_\d{4}_\d\d_\d\d_at_\d\d_\d\d_\d\d\Z);

dateStamp()

Year-monthName-day

Example:

ok 𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗺𝗽         =~ m(\A\d{4}-\w{3}-\d\d\Z);

versionCode()

YYYYmmdd-HHMMSS

Example:

ok 𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗲       =~ m(\A\d{8}-\d{6}\Z);

versionCodeDashed()

YYYY-mm-dd-HH:MM:SS

Example:

ok 𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗗𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗲𝗱 =~ m(\A\d{4}-\d\d-\d\d-\d\d:\d\d:\d\d\Z);

timeStamp()

hours:minute:seconds

Example:

ok 𝘁𝗶𝗺𝗲𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗺𝗽         =~ m(\A\d\d:\d\d:\d\d\Z);

microSecondsSinceEpoch()

Micro seconds since unix epoch.

Example:

ok 𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗿𝗼𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗦𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗘𝗽𝗼𝗰𝗵 > 47*365*24*60*60*1e6;

Command execution

Various ways of processing commands and writing results.

fff($$@)

Confess a message with a line position and a file that Geany will jump to if clicked on.

   Parameter  Description
1  $line      Line
2  $file      File
3  @m         Messages

Example:

𝗳𝗳𝗳 __LINE__, __FILE__, "Hello world";

lll(@)

Log messages including the project name if available. This method is not merged as we need to retain its prototype.

   Parameter  Description
1  @m         Messages

Example:

𝗹𝗹𝗹 "Hello world";

xxx(@)

   Parameter  Description
1  @cmd       Command to execute followed by an optional regular expression to test the results

Example:

{ok 𝘅𝘅𝘅("echo aaa")       =~ /aaa/;

yyy($)

Execute a block of shell commands line by line after removing comments - stop if there is a non zero return code from any command.

   Parameter  Description
1  $cmd       Commands to execute separated by new lines

Example:

  ok !𝘆𝘆𝘆 <<END;
echo aaa
echo bbb
END

zzz($$$$)

Execute lines of commands after replacing new lines with && then check that the pipeline execution results in a return code of zero and that the execution results match the optional regular expression if one has been supplied; confess() to an error if either check fails. To execute remotely, add "ssh ... 'echo start" as the first line and "echo end'" as the last line with the commands to be executed on the lines in between.

   Parameter    Description
1  $cmd         Commands to execute - one per line with no trailing &&
2  $success     Optional regular expression to check for acceptable results
3  $returnCode  Optional regular expression to check the acceptable return codes
4  $message     Message of explanation if any of the checks fail

Example:

ok 𝘇𝘇𝘇(<<END, qr(aaa\s*bbb)s);
echo aaa
echo bbb
END

parseCommandLineArguments(&$$)

Classify the specified array of words referred to by $args into positional and keyword parameters, call the specified sub with a reference to an array of positional parameters followed by a reference to a hash of keywords and their values then return the value returned by this sub. The keywords names will be validated if $valid is either a reference to an array of valid keywords names or a hash of valid keyword names => textual descriptions. Confess with a table of valid keywords definitions if the $valid keywords are specified and an invalid one is presented.

   Parameter  Description
1  $sub       Sub to call
2  $args      List of arguments to parse
3  $valid     Optional list of valid parameters else all parameters will be accepted

Example:

my $r = 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗔𝗿𝗴𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀 {[@_]}

 [qw( aaa bbb -c --dd --eee=EEEE -f=F), q(--gg=g g), q(--hh=h h)];

is_deeply $r,

  [["aaa", "bbb"],

   {c=>undef, dd=>undef, eee=>"EEEE", f=>"F", gg=>"g g", hh=>"h h"},

  ];

call(&@)

Call the specified sub in a separate process, wait for it to complete, copy back the named our variables, free the memory used.

   Parameter  Description
1  $sub       Sub to call
2  @our       Our variable names with preceding sigils to copy back

Example:

ˢ{our $a = q(1);
  our @a = qw(1);
  our %a = (a=>1);
  our $b = q(1);
  for(2..4) {
    𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗹 {$a = $_  x 1e3; $a[0] = $_ x 1e2; $a{a} = $_ x 1e1; $b = 2;} qw($a @a %a);
    ok $a    == $_ x 1e3;
    ok $a[0] == $_ x 1e2;
    ok $a{a} == $_ x 1e1;
    ok $b    == 1;
   }
 };

Files and paths

Operations on files and paths.

Statistics

Information about each file.

fileSize($)

Get the size of a file.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

my $f = writeFile("zzz.data", "aaa");

ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗦𝗶𝘇𝗲($f) == 3;

fileMd5Sum($)

Get the Md5 sum for a file or string

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File or string

Example:

  𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗦𝘂𝗺(q(/etc/hosts));

if (1) {
  ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗦𝘂𝗺(join '', 1..100)     eq
     q(ef69caaaeea9c17120821a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok guidFromString(join '', 1..100) eq
     q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok guidFromMd5(𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗦𝘂𝗺(join('', 1..100))) eq
     q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok md5FromGuid(q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de)) eq
                      q(ef69caaaeea9c17120821a9eb6c7f1de);
}

if (1)
 {ok arraySum   (1..10) ==  55;
  ok arrayProduct(1..5) == 120;
  is_deeply[arrayTimes(2, 1..5)], [qw(2 4 6 8 10)];
 }

guidFromMd5($)

Create a guid from an md5 hash.

   Parameter  Description
1  $m         Md5 hash

Example:

if (1) {
  ok fileMd5Sum(join '', 1..100)     eq
     q(ef69caaaeea9c17120821a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok guidFromString(join '', 1..100) eq
     q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok 𝗴𝘂𝗶𝗱𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗠𝗱𝟱(fileMd5Sum(join('', 1..100))) eq
     q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok md5FromGuid(q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de)) eq
                      q(ef69caaaeea9c17120821a9eb6c7f1de);
}

if (1)
 {ok arraySum   (1..10) ==  55;
  ok arrayProduct(1..5) == 120;
  is_deeply[arrayTimes(2, 1..5)], [qw(2 4 6 8 10)];
 }

md5FromGuid($)

Recover an md5 sum from a guid.

   Parameter  Description
1  $G         Guid

Example:

if (1) {
  ok fileMd5Sum(join '', 1..100)     eq
     q(ef69caaaeea9c17120821a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok guidFromString(join '', 1..100) eq
     q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok guidFromMd5(fileMd5Sum(join('', 1..100))) eq
     q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok 𝗺𝗱𝟱𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗚𝘂𝗶𝗱(q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de)) eq
                      q(ef69caaaeea9c17120821a9eb6c7f1de);
}

if (1)
 {ok arraySum   (1..10) ==  55;
  ok arrayProduct(1..5) == 120;
  is_deeply[arrayTimes(2, 1..5)], [qw(2 4 6 8 10)];
 }

guidFromString($)

Create a guid from a file or string via an md5 hash.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    File name or string

Example:

if (1) {
  ok fileMd5Sum(join '', 1..100)     eq
     q(ef69caaaeea9c17120821a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok 𝗴𝘂𝗶𝗱𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(join '', 1..100) eq
     q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok guidFromMd5(fileMd5Sum(join('', 1..100))) eq
     q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de);

  ok md5FromGuid(q(GUID-ef69caaa-eea9-c171-2082-1a9eb6c7f1de)) eq
                      q(ef69caaaeea9c17120821a9eb6c7f1de);
}

if (1)
 {ok arraySum   (1..10) ==  55;
  ok arrayProduct(1..5) == 120;
  is_deeply[arrayTimes(2, 1..5)], [qw(2 4 6 8 10)];
 }

fileModTime($)

Get the modified time of a file in seconds since the epoch.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗼𝗱𝗧𝗶𝗺𝗲($0) =~ m(\A\d+\Z)s;

fileOutOfDate(&$@)

Calls the specified sub once for each source file that is missing, then calls the sub for the target if there were any missing files or if the target is older than any of the non missing source files or if the target does not exist. The file name is passed to the sub each time in $_. Returns the files to be remade in the order they should be made.

   Parameter  Description
1  $make      Make with this sub
2  $target    Target file
3  @source    Source files

Example:

if (0) {
  my @Files = qw(a b c);
  my @files = (@Files, qw(d));
  writeFile($_, $_), sleep 1 for @Files;

  my $a = '';
  my @a = 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗢𝗳𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲 {$a .= $_} q(a), @files;
  ok $a eq 'da';
  is_deeply [@a], [qw(d a)];

  my $b = '';
  my @b = 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗢𝗳𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲 {$b .= $_} q(b), @files;
  ok $b eq 'db';
  is_deeply [@b], [qw(d b)];

  my $c = '';
  my @c = 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗢𝗳𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲 {$c .= $_} q(c), @files;
  ok $c eq 'dc';
  is_deeply [@c], [qw(d c)];

  my $d = '';
  my @d = 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗢𝗳𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲 {$d .= $_} q(d), @files;
  ok $d eq 'd';
  is_deeply [@d], [qw(d)];

  my @A = 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗢𝗳𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲 {} q(a), @Files;
  my @B = 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗢𝗳𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲 {} q(b), @Files;
  my @C = 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗢𝗳𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲 {} q(c), @Files;
  is_deeply [@A], [qw(a)];
  is_deeply [@B], [qw(b)];
  is_deeply [@C], [];
  unlink for @Files;
 }

firstFileThatExists(@)

Returns the name of the first file that exists or undef if none of the named files exist.

   Parameter  Description
1  @files     Files to check

Example:

my $d = temporaryFolder;

ok $d eq 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗧𝗵𝗮𝘁𝗘𝘅𝗶𝘀𝘁𝘀("$d/$d", $d);

fileInWindowsFormat($)

Convert a unix file name to windows format

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File

Example:

if (1)
 {ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗜𝗻𝗪𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗼𝘄𝘀𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁(fpd(qw(/a b c d))) eq q(\a\b\c\d\\);
 }

Components

File names and components.

Fusion

Create file names from file name components.

filePath(@)

Create a file name from an array of file name components. If all the components are blank then a blank file name is returned. Identical to fpf.

   Parameter  Description
1  @file      File name components

Example:

if (1) {
  ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵   (qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd.eee)) eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd.eee";
  ok filePathDir(qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd))     eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd/";
  ok filePathDir('', qw(aaa))              eq "aaa/";
  ok filePathDir('')                       eq "";
  ok filePathExt(qw(aaa xxx))              eq "aaa.xxx";
  ok filePathExt(qw(aaa bbb xxx))          eq "aaa/bbb.xxx";

  ok fpd        (qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd))     eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd/";
  ok fpf        (qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd.eee)) eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd.eee";
  ok fpe        (qw(aaa bbb xxx))          eq "aaa/bbb.xxx";
 }

fpf is a synonym for filePath.

filePathDir(@)

Create a directory name from an array of file name components. If all the components are blank then a blank file name is returned. Identical to fpd.

   Parameter  Description
1  @file      Directory name components

Example:

if (1) {
  ok filePath   (qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd.eee)) eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd.eee";
  ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗗𝗶𝗿(qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd))     eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd/";
  ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗗𝗶𝗿('', qw(aaa))              eq "aaa/";
  ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗗𝗶𝗿('')                       eq "";
  ok filePathExt(qw(aaa xxx))              eq "aaa.xxx";
  ok filePathExt(qw(aaa bbb xxx))          eq "aaa/bbb.xxx";

  ok fpd        (qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd))     eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd/";
  ok fpf        (qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd.eee)) eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd.eee";
  ok fpe        (qw(aaa bbb xxx))          eq "aaa/bbb.xxx";
 }

fpd is a synonym for filePathDir.

filePathExt(@)

Create a file name from an array of file name components the last of which is an extension. Identical to fpe.

   Parameter  Description
1  @File      File name components and extension

Example:

if (1) {
  ok filePath   (qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd.eee)) eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd.eee";
  ok filePathDir(qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd))     eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd/";
  ok filePathDir('', qw(aaa))              eq "aaa/";
  ok filePathDir('')                       eq "";
  ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗘𝘅𝘁(qw(aaa xxx))              eq "aaa.xxx";
  ok 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗘𝘅𝘁(qw(aaa bbb xxx))          eq "aaa/bbb.xxx";

  ok fpd        (qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd))     eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd/";
  ok fpf        (qw(/aaa bbb ccc ddd.eee)) eq "/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd.eee";
  ok fpe        (qw(aaa bbb xxx))          eq "aaa/bbb.xxx";
 }

fpe is a synonym for filePathExt.

Fission

Get file name components from file names.

fp($)

Get path from file name.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

ok 𝗳𝗽 (q(a/b/c.d.e))  eq q(a/b/);

fpn($)

Remove extension from file name.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

ok 𝗳𝗽𝗻(q(a/b/c.d.e))  eq q(a/b/c.d);

fn($)

Remove path and extension from file name.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

ok 𝗳𝗻 (q(a/b/c.d.e))  eq q(c.d);

fne($)

Remove path from file name.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

ok 𝗳𝗻𝗲(q(a/b/c.d.e))  eq q(c.d.e);

fe($)

Get extension of file name.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

ok 𝗳𝗲 (q(a/b/c.d.e))  eq q(e);

checkFile($)

Return the name of the specified file if it exists, else confess the maximum extent of the path that does exist.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to check

Example:

my $d = filePath   (my @d = qw(a b c d));

my $f = filePathExt(qw(a b c d e x));

my $F = filePathExt(qw(a b c e d));

createEmptyFile($f);

ok 𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗰𝗸𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($d);

ok 𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗰𝗸𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f);

quoteFile($)

Quote a file name.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

ok 𝗾𝘂𝗼𝘁𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(fpe(qw(a "b" c))) eq q("a/\"b\".c");

removeFilePrefix($@)

Removes a file prefix from an array of files.

   Parameter  Description
1  $prefix    File prefix
2  @files     Array of file names

Example:

is_deeply [qw(a b)], [&𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘅(qw(a/ a/a a/b))];

is_deeply [qw(b)],   [&𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘅("a/", "a/b")];

swapFilePrefix($$$)

Swaps the start of a file name from a $known name to a $new one if the file does in fact start with the $known name otherwise returns the original file name. The $new prefix is optional, if not supplied the $known prefix is removed.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name
2  $known     Existing prefix
3  $new       Optional new prefix defaults to q()

Example:

ok 𝘀𝘄𝗮𝗽𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘅(q(/aaa/bbb.txt), q(/aaa/), q(/AAA/)) eq q(/AAA/bbb.txt);

setFileExtension($$)

Set the extension of a file to a specified value. Removes the extension if no extension is specified.

   Parameter   Description
1  $file       File name
2  $extension  Optional new extension

Example:

ok 𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗘𝘅𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻(q(.c),     q(d)) eq q(.d);

ok 𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗘𝘅𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻(q(b.c),    q(d)) eq q(b.d);

ok 𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗘𝘅𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻(q(/a/b.c), q(d)) eq q(/a/b.d);

swapFolderPrefix($$$)

Swaps a starting folder of a file name from a known name to a new one if the file does in fact start with the known name and the known name and new name are folders else return the file as is.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name
2  $known     Existing prefix
3  $new       New prefix

Example:

if (1) {
  my $g = fpd(qw(a b c d));
  my $h = fpd(qw(a b cc dd));
  my $i = fpe($g, qw(aaa txt));

  my $j = 𝘀𝘄𝗮𝗽𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘅($i, $g, $h);
  ok $j =~ m(a/b/cc/dd/)s;
 }

removeDuplicatePrefixes($)

Remove duplicated leading path components from a file name.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

ok q(a/b.c) eq 𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗗𝘂𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘅𝗲𝘀("a/a/b.c");

ok q(a/b.c) eq 𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗗𝘂𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘅𝗲𝘀("a/b.c");

ok q(b.c) eq 𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗗𝘂𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘅𝗲𝘀("b.c");

Position

Position in the file system.

currentDirectory()

Get the current working directory.

Example:

𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗿𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗗𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆;

currentDirectoryAbove()

The path to the folder above the current working folder.

Example:

𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗿𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗗𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆𝗔𝗯𝗼𝘃𝗲;

parseFileName($)

Parse a file name into (path, name, extension).

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name to parse

Example:

if (1)
 {is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "/home/phil/test.data"], ["/home/phil/", "test", "data"];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "/home/phil/test"],      ["/home/phil/", "test"];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "phil/test.data"],       ["phil/",       "test", "data"];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "phil/test"],            ["phil/",       "test"];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "test.data"],            [undef,         "test", "data"];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "phil/"],                [qw(phil/)];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "/phil"],                [qw(/ phil)];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "/"],                    [qw(/)];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "/var/www/html/translations/"], [qw(/var/www/html/translations/)];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "a.b/c.d.e"],            [qw(a.b/ c.d e)];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "./a.b"],                [qw(./ a b)];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲 "./../../a.b"],          [qw(./../../ a b)];
 }

fullFileName()

Full name of a file.

Example:

𝗳𝘂𝗹𝗹𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲(fpe(qw(a txt)));

absFromAbsPlusRel($$)

Create an absolute file from an absolute file and a relative file.

   Parameter  Description
1  $a         Absolute file name
2  $f         Relative file name

Example:

ok "/home/la/perl/aaa.pl"   eq 𝗮𝗯𝘀𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗔𝗯𝘀𝗣𝗹𝘂𝘀𝗥𝗲𝗹("/home/la/perl/bbb",      "aaa.pl");

ok "/home/la/perl/aaa.pl"   eq 𝗮𝗯𝘀𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗔𝗯𝘀𝗣𝗹𝘂𝘀𝗥𝗲𝗹("/home/il/perl/bbb.pl",   "../../la/perl/aaa.pl");

relFromAbsAgainstAbs($$)

Derive a relative file name for the first absolute file name relative to the second absolute file name.

   Parameter  Description
1  $f         Absolute file to be made relative
2  $a         Absolute file name to make relative to.

Example:

ok "bbb.pl"                 eq 𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗔𝗯𝘀𝗔𝗴𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗔𝗯𝘀("/home/la/perl/bbb.pl", "/home/la/perl/aaa.pl");

ok "../perl/bbb.pl"         eq 𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗔𝗯𝘀𝗔𝗴𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗔𝗯𝘀("/home/la/perl/bbb.pl", "/home/la/java/aaa.jv");

sumAbsAndRel(@)

Combine zero or more absolute and relative file names

   Parameter  Description
1  @f         Absolute and relative file names

Example:

ok "aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd.txt"    eq 𝘀𝘂𝗺𝗔𝗯𝘀𝗔𝗻𝗱𝗥𝗲𝗹(qw(aaa/AAA/ ../bbb/bbb/BBB/ ../../ccc/ddd.txt));

Temporary

Temporary files and folders

temporaryFile()

Create a temporary file that will automatically be unlinked during END processing.

Example:

my $f = 𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲;

temporaryFolder()

Create a temporary folder that will automatically be rmdired during END processing.

Example:

my $D = 𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗼𝗿𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿;

temporaryDirectory is a synonym for temporaryFolder.

Find

Find files and folders below a folder.

findFiles($$)

Find all the files under a folder and optionally filter the selected files with a regular expression.

   Parameter  Description
1  $dir       Folder to start the search with
2  $filter    Optional regular expression to filter files

Example:

my $D = temporaryFolder;

my $d = fpd($D, q(ddd));

my @f = map {createEmptyFile(fpe($d, $_, qw(txt)))} qw(a b c);

is_deeply [sort map {fne $_} 𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝘀($d, qr(txt\Z))], [qw(a.txt b.txt c.txt)];

findDirs($$)

Find all the folders under a folder and optionally filter the selected folders with a regular expression.

   Parameter  Description
1  $dir       Folder to start the search with
2  $filter    Optional regular expression to filter files

Example:

my $D = temporaryFolder;

my $d = fpd($D, q(ddd));

my @f = map {createEmptyFile(fpe($d, $_, qw(txt)))} qw(a b c);

is_deeply [𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗗𝗶𝗿𝘀($D)], [$D, $d];

fileList($)

Files that match a given search pattern handed to bsd_glob.

   Parameter  Description
1  $pattern   Search pattern

Example:

my $D = temporaryFolder;

my $d = fpd($D, q(ddd));

my @f = map {createEmptyFile(fpe($d, $_, qw(txt)))} qw(a b c);

is_deeply [sort map {fne $_} 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁("$d/*.txt")],

          ["a.txt", "b.txt", "c.txt"];

searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles(@)

   Parameter              Description
1  @foldersandExtensions  Mixture of folder names and extensions

Example:

my $D = temporaryFolder;

my $d = fpd($D, q(ddd));

my @f = map {createEmptyFile(fpe($d, $_, qw(txt)))} qw(a b c);

is_deeply [sort map {fne $_} 𝘀𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗗𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆𝗧𝗿𝗲𝗲𝘀𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗠𝗮𝘁𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝘀($d)],

          ["a.txt", "b.txt", "c.txt"];

countFileExtensions(@)

Return a hash which counts the file extensions under the specified directories

   Parameter  Description
1  @folders   Folders to search

Example:

𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗘𝘅𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀(q(/home/phil/perl/));

countFileTypes($@)

Return a hash which counts, in parallel, the results of applying the file command to each file under the specified directories.

   Parameter                  Description
1  $maximumNumberOfProcesses  Maximum number of processes to run in parallel
2  @folders                   Folders to search

Example:

𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗧𝘆𝗽𝗲𝘀(4, q(/home/phil/perl/));

matchPath($)

Given an absolute path find out how much of the path actually exists.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

my $d = filePath   (my @d = qw(a b c d));

ok 𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗰𝗵𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵($d) eq $d;

findFileWithExtension($@)

Find the first extension from the specified extensions that produces a file that exists when appended to the specified file.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name minus extensions
2  @ext       Possible extensions

Example:

my $f = createEmptyFile(fpe(my $d = temporaryFolder, qw(a jpg)));

my $F = 𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗪𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗘𝘅𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻(fpf($d, q(a)), qw(txt data jpg));

ok $F eq "jpg";

clearFolder($$$)

   Parameter    Description
1  $folder      Folder
2  $limitCount  Maximum number of files to remove to limit damage
3  $noMsg       No message if the folder cannot be completely removed.

Example:

my $D = temporaryFolder;

my $d = fpd($D, q(ddd));

my @f = map {createEmptyFile(fpe($d, $_, qw(txt)))} qw(a b c);

𝗰𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿($D, 5);

ok !-e $_ for @f;

ok !-d $D;

Read and write files

Read and write strings from and to files creating paths as needed.

readFile($)

Read a file containing unicode in utf8.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      Name of file to read

Example:

  my $f = writeFile(undef, "aaa");

  my $s = 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f);

  ok $s eq "aaa";

  appendFile($f, "bbb");

  my $S = 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f);

  ok $S eq "aaabbb";

if (1) {
  my $f =  writeFile(undef, q(aaaa));
  ok 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f) eq q(aaaa);
  eval{writeFile($f, q(bbbb))};
  ok $@ =~ m(\AFile already exists)s;
  ok 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f) eq q(aaaa);
  overWriteFile($f,  q(bbbb));
  ok 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f) eq q(bbbb);
  unlink $f;
 }

evalFile($)

Read a file containing unicode in utf8, evaluate it, confess to any errors and then return any result - an improvement on do which silently ignores any problems.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to read

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f = dumpFile(undef, my $d = [qw(aaa bbb ccc)]);
  my $s = 𝗲𝘃𝗮𝗹𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f);
  is_deeply $s, $d;
  unlink $f;
 }

evalGZipFile($)

Read a file containing compressed utf8, evaluate it, confess to any errors or return any result. This is much slower than using Storable but does use much smaller files, see also: dumpGZipFile.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to read

Example:

if (1) {
  my $d = [1, 2, 3=>{a=>4, b=>5}];
  my $file = dumpGZipFile(q(zzz.zip), $d);
  ok -e $file;
  my $D = 𝗲𝘃𝗮𝗹𝗚𝗭𝗶𝗽𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($file);
  is_deeply $d, $D;
  unlink $file;
 }

retrieveFile($)

Retrieve a file created via Storable. This is much faster than evalFile but the stored data is not easily modified.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to read

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f = storeFile(undef, my $d = [qw(aaa bbb ccc)]);
  my $s = 𝗿𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f);
  is_deeply $s, $d;
  unlink $f;
 }

readBinaryFile($)

Read binary file - a file whose contents are not to be interpreted as unicode.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to read

Example:

my $f = writeBinaryFile(undef, 0xff x 8);

my $s = 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f);

ok $s eq 0xff x 8;

readGZipFile($)

Read the specified $file, containing compressed utf8, through gzip

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to read.

Example:

if (1) {
  my $s = '𝝰'x1e3;
  my $file = writeGZipFile(q(zzz.zip), $s);
  ok -e $file;
  my $S = 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗚𝗭𝗶𝗽𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($file);
  ok $s eq $S;
  ok length($s) == length($S);
  unlink $file;
 }

makePath($)

Make the path for the specified file name or folder.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File

Example:

my $d = fpd(my $D = temporaryDirectory, qw(a));

my $f = fpe($d, qw(bbb txt));

ok !-d $d;

𝗺𝗮𝗸𝗲𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵($f);

ok -d $d;

overWriteFile($$)

Write a unicode utf8 string to a file after creating a path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess. If the file already exists it is overwritten. {my ($file, $string) = @_; # File to write to or undef for a temporary file, unicode string to write

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to write to or B<undef> for a temporary file
2  $string    Unicode string to write

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f =  writeFile(undef, q(aaaa));
  ok readFile($f) eq q(aaaa);
  eval{writeFile($f, q(bbbb))};
  ok $@ =~ m(\AFile already exists)s;
  ok readFile($f) eq q(aaaa);
  𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗪𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f,  q(bbbb));
  ok readFile($f) eq q(bbbb);
  unlink $f;
 }

owf is a synonym for overWriteFile.

writeFile($$)

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      New file to write to or B<undef> for a temporary file
2  $string    String to write

Example:

  my $f = 𝘄𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(undef, "aaa");

  my $s = readFile($f);

  ok $s eq "aaa";

  appendFile($f, "bbb");

  my $S = readFile($f);

  ok $S eq "aaabbb";

if (1) {
  my $f =  𝘄𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(undef, q(aaaa));
  ok readFile($f) eq q(aaaa);
  eval{𝘄𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f, q(bbbb))};
  ok $@ =~ m(\AFile already exists)s;
  ok readFile($f) eq q(aaaa);
  overWriteFile($f,  q(bbbb));
  ok readFile($f) eq q(bbbb);
  unlink $f;
 }

overWriteBinaryFile($$)

Write a binary string to a file after creating a path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess. If the file already exists it is overwritten.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to write to or B<undef> for a temporary file
2  $string    Unicode string to write

Example:

if (1)
 {vec(my $a, 0, 8) = 254;
  vec(my $b, 0, 8) = 255;
  ok dump($a) eq dump("FE");
  ok dump($b) eq dump("FF");
  ok length($a) == 1;
  ok length($b) == 1;

  my $s = $a.$a.$b.$b;
  ok length($s) == 4;

  my $f = eval {writeFile(undef, $s)};
  ok fileSize($f) == 8;

  eval {writeBinaryFile($f, $s)};
  ok $@ =~ m(Binary file already exists:)s;

  eval {𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗪𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f, $s)};
  ok !$@;
  ok fileSize($f) == 4;

  ok $s eq eval {readBinaryFile($f)};

  copyBinaryFile($f, my $F = temporaryFile);
  ok $s eq readBinaryFile($F);
  unlink $f, $F;
 }

writeBinaryFile($$)

Write a binary string to a new file that does not already exist after creating a path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess if a problem occurred or the file does already exist.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      New file to write to or B<undef> for a temporary file
2  $string    String to write

Example:

  my $f = 𝘄𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(undef, 0xff x 8);

  my $s = readBinaryFile($f);

  ok $s eq 0xff x 8;

if (1)
 {vec(my $a, 0, 8) = 254;
  vec(my $b, 0, 8) = 255;
  ok dump($a) eq dump("FE");
  ok dump($b) eq dump("FF");
  ok length($a) == 1;
  ok length($b) == 1;

  my $s = $a.$a.$b.$b;
  ok length($s) == 4;

  my $f = eval {writeFile(undef, $s)};
  ok fileSize($f) == 8;

  eval {𝘄𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f, $s)};
  ok $@ =~ m(Binary file already exists:)s;

  eval {overWriteBinaryFile($f, $s)};
  ok !$@;
  ok fileSize($f) == 4;

  ok $s eq eval {readBinaryFile($f)};

  copyBinaryFile($f, my $F = temporaryFile);
  ok $s eq readBinaryFile($F);
  unlink $f, $F;
 }

dumpFile($$)

Dump a data structure to a file

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to write to or B<undef> for a temporary file
2  $struct    Address of data structure to write

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f = 𝗱𝘂𝗺𝗽𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(undef, my $d = [qw(aaa bbb ccc)]);
  my $s = evalFile($f);
  is_deeply $s, $d;
  unlink $f;
 }

storeFile($$)

Store a data structure to a file via Storable. This is much faster than dumpFile but the stored results are not easily modified.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to write to or B<undef> for a temporary file
2  $struct    Address of data structure to write

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f = 𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(undef, my $d = [qw(aaa bbb ccc)]);
  my $s = retrieveFile($f);
  is_deeply $s, $d;
  unlink $f;
 }

writeGZipFile($$)

Write a unicode utf8 string through gzip to a file.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to write to
2  $string    String to write

Example:

if (1) {
  my $s = '𝝰'x1e3;
  my $file = 𝘄𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗚𝗭𝗶𝗽𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(q(zzz.zip), $s);
  ok -e $file;
  my $S = readGZipFile($file);
  ok $s eq $S;
  ok length($s) == length($S);
  unlink $file;
 }

dumpGZipFile($$)

Write a data structure through gzip to a file. This technique produces files that are a lot more compact files than those produced by Storable, but the execution time is much longer. See also: evalGZipFile.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to write
2  $data      Reference to data

Example:

if (1) {
  my $d = [1, 2, 3=>{a=>4, b=>5}];
  my $file = 𝗱𝘂𝗺𝗽𝗚𝗭𝗶𝗽𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(q(zzz.zip), $d);
  ok -e $file;
  my $D = evalGZipFile($file);
  is_deeply $d, $D;
  unlink $file;
 }

writeFiles($$)

Write the values of a hash into files identified by the key of each value using overWriteFile

   Parameter  Description
1  $hash      Hash of key value pairs representing files and data
2  $folder    Optional folder to contain files else the current folder

Example:

if (1) {
  my $h =
   {"aaa/1.txt"=>"1111",
    "aaa/2.txt"=>"2222",
   };
  clearFolder(q(aaa), 3);
  clearFolder(q(bbb), 3);
  𝘄𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝘀($h);
  my $a = readFiles(q(aaa));
  is_deeply $h, $a;
  copyFolder(q(aaa), q(bbb));
  my $b = readFiles(q(bbb));
  is_deeply [sort values %$a],[sort values %$b];

  copyFile(q(aaa/1.txt), q(aaa/2.txt));
  my $A = readFiles(q(aaa));
  is_deeply(values %$A);

  clearFolder(q(aaa), 3);
  clearFolder(q(bbb), 3);
 }

readFiles($)

Read all the files in a folder into a hash

   Parameter  Description
1  $folder    Folder to read

Example:

if (1) {
  my $h =
   {"aaa/1.txt"=>"1111",
    "aaa/2.txt"=>"2222",
   };
  clearFolder(q(aaa), 3);
  clearFolder(q(bbb), 3);
  writeFiles($h);
  my $a = 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝘀(q(aaa));
  is_deeply $h, $a;
  copyFolder(q(aaa), q(bbb));
  my $b = 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝘀(q(bbb));
  is_deeply [sort values %$a],[sort values %$b];

  copyFile(q(aaa/1.txt), q(aaa/2.txt));
  my $A = 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝘀(q(aaa));
  is_deeply(values %$A);

  clearFolder(q(aaa), 3);
  clearFolder(q(bbb), 3);
 }

appendFile($$)

Append a unicode utf8 string to a file, possibly creating the file and the path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess. The file being appended to is locked first with https://perldoc.perl.org/functions/flock.html to allow multiple processes to append linearly to the same file.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to append to
2  $string    String to append

Example:

my $f = writeFile(undef, "aaa");

my $s = readFile($f);

ok $s eq "aaa";

𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f, "bbb");

my $S = readFile($f);

ok $S eq "aaabbb";

createEmptyFile($)

Create an empty file - writeFile complains if no data is written to the file - and return the name of the file on success else confess.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to create or B<undef> for a temporary file

Example:

my $D = temporaryFolder;

my $d = fpd($D, q(ddd));

my @f = map {𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗘𝗺𝗽𝘁𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(fpe($d, $_, qw(txt)))} qw(a b c);

is_deeply [sort map {fne $_} findFiles($d, qr(txt\Z))], [qw(a.txt b.txt c.txt)];

numberOfLinesInFile($)

The number of lines in a file

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File

Example:

my $f = writeFile(undef, "a
b
");

ok 𝗻𝘂𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗜𝗻𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f) == 2;

Copy

Copy files and folders. The \Acopy.*Md5Normalized.*\Z methods can be used to ensure that files have collision proof names that collapse duplicate content even when copied to another folder.

copyFile($$)

Copy a file encoded in utf8 and return the target name

   Parameter  Description
1  $source    Source file
2  $target    Target file

Example:

if (1) {
  my $h =
   {"aaa/1.txt"=>"1111",
    "aaa/2.txt"=>"2222",
   };
  clearFolder(q(aaa), 3);
  clearFolder(q(bbb), 3);
  writeFiles($h);
  my $a = readFiles(q(aaa));
  is_deeply $h, $a;
  copyFolder(q(aaa), q(bbb));
  my $b = readFiles(q(bbb));
  is_deeply [sort values %$a],[sort values %$b];

  𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(q(aaa/1.txt), q(aaa/2.txt));
  my $A = readFiles(q(aaa));
  is_deeply(values %$A);

  clearFolder(q(aaa), 3);
  clearFolder(q(bbb), 3);
 }

nameFromString($)

Create a readable name from an arbitrary string of text.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String

Example:

if (1) {
ok q(help) eq 𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(q(!@#$%^help___<>?><?>));
ok q(bm_The_skyscraper_analogy) eq 𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(<<END);
<bookmap id="b1">
<title>The skyscraper analogy</title>
</bookmap>
END

ok q(bm_The_skyscraper_analogy_An_exciting_tale_of_two_skyscrapers_that_meet_in_downtown_Houston)
   eq 𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(<<END);
<bookmap id="b1">
<title>The skyscraper analogy</title>
An exciting tale of two skyscrapers that meet in downtown Houston
<concept><html>
</bookmap>
END

ok q(bm_The_skyscraper_analogy) eq nameFromStringRestrictedToTitle(<<END);
<bookmap id="b1">
<title>The skyscraper analogy</title>
An exciting tale of two skyscrapers that meet in downtown Houston
<concept><html>
</bookmap>
END
 }

nameFromStringRestrictedToTitle($)

Create a readable name from a string of text that might contain a title tag - fall back to nameFromString if that is not possible.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String

Example:

if (1) {
ok q(help) eq nameFromString(q(!@#$%^help___<>?><?>));
ok q(bm_The_skyscraper_analogy) eq nameFromString(<<END);
<bookmap id="b1">
<title>The skyscraper analogy</title>
</bookmap>
END

ok q(bm_The_skyscraper_analogy_An_exciting_tale_of_two_skyscrapers_that_meet_in_downtown_Houston)
   eq nameFromString(<<END);
<bookmap id="b1">
<title>The skyscraper analogy</title>
An exciting tale of two skyscrapers that meet in downtown Houston
<concept><html>
</bookmap>
END

ok q(bm_The_skyscraper_analogy) eq 𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗥𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗱𝗧𝗼𝗧𝗶𝘁𝗹𝗲(<<END);
<bookmap id="b1">
<title>The skyscraper analogy</title>
An exciting tale of two skyscrapers that meet in downtown Houston
<concept><html>
</bookmap>
END
 }

uniqueNameFromFile($)

Create a unique name from a file name and the md5 sum of its content

   Parameter  Description
1  $source    Source file

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f = owf(q(test.txt), join "", 1..100);
  ok 𝘂𝗻𝗶𝗾𝘂𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f) eq q(test_ef69caaaeea9c17120821a9eb6c7f1de.txt);
  unlink $f;
 }

nameFromFolder($)

Create a name from the last folder in the path of a file name. Return undef if the file does not have a path.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File name

Example:

if (1) {
ok 𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿(fpe(qw( a b c d e))) eq q(c);
 }

copyFileMd5Normalized($$)

Normalize the name of the specified $source file to the md5 sum of its content, retaining its current extension, while placing the original file name in a companion file if the companion file does not already exist. If no $target folder is supplied the file is renamed to its normalized form in situ, otherwise it is copied to the target folder and renamed there. A companion file for the $source file is created by removing the extension of the normalized file and writing the original $source file name to it unless such a file already exists as we assume that it contains the 'original' original name of the $source file. If the $source file is copied to a new location then the companion file is copied as well to maintain the link back to the original name of the file.

   Parameter  Description
1  $source    Source file
2  $Target    Target folder or a file in the target folder

Example:

if (1) {
  my $dir = temporaryFolder;
  my $a = fpe($dir, qw(a a jpg));
  my $b = fpe($dir, qw(b a jpg));
  my $c = fpe($dir, qw(c a jpg));

  my $content = join '', 1..1e3;

  my $A = copyFileMd5NormalizedCreate($a, $content, q(jpg), $a);
  ok readFile($A) eq $content;
  ok $A eq 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($A);

  my $B = 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($A, $b);
  ok readFile($B) eq $content;
  ok $B eq 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($B);

  my $C = 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($B, $c);
  ok readFile($C) eq $content;
  ok $C eq 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($C);

  ok fne($A) eq fne($_) for $B, $C;
  ok readFile($_) eq $content for $A, $B, $C;
  ok copyFileMd5NormalizedGetCompanionContent($_) eq $a for $A, $B, $C;

  ok 6 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($A);
  ok 4 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($B);
  ok 2 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($C);
  ok 0 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);

  clearFolder($dir, 10);
  ok 0 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
 }

copyFileMd5NormalizedName($$@)

Name a file using the GB Standard

   Parameter   Description
1  $content    Content
2  $extension  Extension
3  %options    Options

Example:

if (1) {
  ok 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲(<<END, q(txt)) eq
<p>Hello<b>World</b></p>
END
q(Hello_World_6ba23858c1b4811660896c324acac6fa.txt);
 }

copyFileMd5NormalizedCreate($$$$@)

Create a file in the specified $folder whose name is constructed from the md5 sum of the specified $content, whose content is $content, whose extension is $extension and which has a companion file with the same name minus the extension which contains the specified $companionContent. Such a file can be copied multiple times by copyFileMd5Normalized regardless of the other files in the target folders.

   Parameter          Description
1  $Folder            Target folder or a file in that folder
2  $content           Content of the file
3  $extension         File extension
4  $companionContent  Contents of the companion file
5  %options           Options.

Example:

if (1) {
  my $dir = temporaryFolder;
  my $a = fpe($dir, qw(a a jpg));
  my $b = fpe($dir, qw(b a jpg));
  my $c = fpe($dir, qw(c a jpg));

  my $content = join '', 1..1e3;

  my $A = 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱𝗖𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲($a, $content, q(jpg), $a);
  ok readFile($A) eq $content;
  ok $A eq copyFileMd5Normalized($A);

  my $B = copyFileMd5Normalized($A, $b);
  ok readFile($B) eq $content;
  ok $B eq copyFileMd5Normalized($B);

  my $C = copyFileMd5Normalized($B, $c);
  ok readFile($C) eq $content;
  ok $C eq copyFileMd5Normalized($C);

  ok fne($A) eq fne($_) for $B, $C;
  ok readFile($_) eq $content for $A, $B, $C;
  ok copyFileMd5NormalizedGetCompanionContent($_) eq $a for $A, $B, $C;

  ok 6 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($A);
  ok 4 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($B);
  ok 2 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($C);
  ok 0 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);

  clearFolder($dir, 10);
  ok 0 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
 }

copyFileMd5NormalizedGetCompanionContent($)

Return the content of the companion file to the specified $source file after it has been normalized via copyFileMd5Normalized or copyFileMd5NormalizedCreate or return undef if the corresponding companion file does not exist.

   Parameter  Description
1  $source    Source file.

Example:

if (1) {
  my $dir = temporaryFolder;
  my $a = fpe($dir, qw(a a jpg));
  my $b = fpe($dir, qw(b a jpg));
  my $c = fpe($dir, qw(c a jpg));

  my $content = join '', 1..1e3;

  my $A = copyFileMd5NormalizedCreate($a, $content, q(jpg), $a);
  ok readFile($A) eq $content;
  ok $A eq copyFileMd5Normalized($A);

  my $B = copyFileMd5Normalized($A, $b);
  ok readFile($B) eq $content;
  ok $B eq copyFileMd5Normalized($B);

  my $C = copyFileMd5Normalized($B, $c);
  ok readFile($C) eq $content;
  ok $C eq copyFileMd5Normalized($C);

  ok fne($A) eq fne($_) for $B, $C;
  ok readFile($_) eq $content for $A, $B, $C;
  ok 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱𝗚𝗲𝘁𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘁($_) eq $a for $A, $B, $C;

  ok 6 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($A);
  ok 4 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($B);
  ok 2 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($C);
  ok 0 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);

  clearFolder($dir, 10);
  ok 0 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
 }

copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete($)

Delete a normalized and its companion file

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File

Example:

if (1) {
  my $dir = temporaryFolder;
  my $a = fpe($dir, qw(a a jpg));
  my $b = fpe($dir, qw(b a jpg));
  my $c = fpe($dir, qw(c a jpg));

  my $content = join '', 1..1e3;

  my $A = copyFileMd5NormalizedCreate($a, $content, q(jpg), $a);
  ok readFile($A) eq $content;
  ok $A eq copyFileMd5Normalized($A);

  my $B = copyFileMd5Normalized($A, $b);
  ok readFile($B) eq $content;
  ok $B eq copyFileMd5Normalized($B);

  my $C = copyFileMd5Normalized($B, $c);
  ok readFile($C) eq $content;
  ok $C eq copyFileMd5Normalized($C);

  ok fne($A) eq fne($_) for $B, $C;
  ok readFile($_) eq $content for $A, $B, $C;
  ok copyFileMd5NormalizedGetCompanionContent($_) eq $a for $A, $B, $C;

  ok 6 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱𝗗𝗲𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲($A);
  ok 4 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱𝗗𝗲𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲($B);
  ok 2 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱𝗗𝗲𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲($C);
  ok 0 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);

  clearFolder($dir, 10);
  ok 0 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
 }

copyBinaryFile($$)

Copy a binary file and return the target name,

   Parameter  Description
1  $source    Source file
2  $target    Target file

Example:

if (1)
 {vec(my $a, 0, 8) = 254;
  vec(my $b, 0, 8) = 255;
  ok dump($a) eq dump("FE");
  ok dump($b) eq dump("FF");
  ok length($a) == 1;
  ok length($b) == 1;

  my $s = $a.$a.$b.$b;
  ok length($s) == 4;

  my $f = eval {writeFile(undef, $s)};
  ok fileSize($f) == 8;

  eval {writeBinaryFile($f, $s)};
  ok $@ =~ m(Binary file already exists:)s;

  eval {overWriteBinaryFile($f, $s)};
  ok !$@;
  ok fileSize($f) == 4;

  ok $s eq eval {readBinaryFile($f)};

  𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲($f, my $F = temporaryFile);
  ok $s eq readBinaryFile($F);
  unlink $f, $F;
 }

copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($$)

   Parameter  Description
1  $source    Source file
2  $Target    Target folder or a file in the target folder

Example:

if (1) {
  my $dir = temporaryFolder;
  my $a = fpe($dir, qw(a a jpg));
  my $b = fpe($dir, qw(b a jpg));
  my $c = fpe($dir, qw(c a jpg));

  my $content = join '', 1..1e3;

  my $A = copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedCreate($a, $content, q(jpg), $a);
  ok readBinaryFile($A) eq $content;
  ok $A eq 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($A);

  my $B = 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($A, $b);
  ok readBinaryFile($B) eq $content;
  ok $B eq 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($B);

  my $C = 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($B, $c);
  ok readBinaryFile($C) eq $content;
  ok $C eq 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱($C);

  ok fne($A) eq fne($_) for $B, $C;
  ok readBinaryFile($_) eq $content for $A, $B, $C;
  ok copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedGetCompanionContent($_) eq $a for $A, $B, $C;

  ok 6 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  clearFolder($dir, 10);
 }

copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedCreate($$$$)

Create a file in the specified $folder whose name is constructed from the md5 sum of the specified $content, whose content is $content, whose extension is $extension and which has a companion file with the same name minus the extension which contains the specified $companionContent. Such a file can be copied multiple times by copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized regardless of the other files in the target folders while retaining the original name information.

   Parameter          Description
1  $Folder            Target folder or a file in that folder
2  $content           Content of the file
3  $extension         File extension
4  $companionContent  Optional content of the companion file.

Example:

if (1) {
  my $dir = temporaryFolder;
  my $a = fpe($dir, qw(a a jpg));
  my $b = fpe($dir, qw(b a jpg));
  my $c = fpe($dir, qw(c a jpg));

  my $content = join '', 1..1e3;

  my $A = 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱𝗖𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲($a, $content, q(jpg), $a);
  ok readBinaryFile($A) eq $content;
  ok $A eq copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($A);

  my $B = copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($A, $b);
  ok readBinaryFile($B) eq $content;
  ok $B eq copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($B);

  my $C = copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($B, $c);
  ok readBinaryFile($C) eq $content;
  ok $C eq copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($C);

  ok fne($A) eq fne($_) for $B, $C;
  ok readBinaryFile($_) eq $content for $A, $B, $C;
  ok copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedGetCompanionContent($_) eq $a for $A, $B, $C;

  ok 6 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  clearFolder($dir, 10);
 }

copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedGetCompanionContent($)

Return the original name of the specified $source file after it has been normalized via copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized or copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedCreate or return undef if the corresponding companion file does not exist.

   Parameter  Description
1  $source    Source file.

Example:

if (1) {
  my $dir = temporaryFolder;
  my $a = fpe($dir, qw(a a jpg));
  my $b = fpe($dir, qw(b a jpg));
  my $c = fpe($dir, qw(c a jpg));

  my $content = join '', 1..1e3;

  my $A = copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedCreate($a, $content, q(jpg), $a);
  ok readBinaryFile($A) eq $content;
  ok $A eq copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($A);

  my $B = copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($A, $b);
  ok readBinaryFile($B) eq $content;
  ok $B eq copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($B);

  my $C = copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($B, $c);
  ok readBinaryFile($C) eq $content;
  ok $C eq copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized($C);

  ok fne($A) eq fne($_) for $B, $C;
  ok readBinaryFile($_) eq $content for $A, $B, $C;
  ok 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗱𝟱𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱𝗚𝗲𝘁𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘁($_) eq $a for $A, $B, $C;

  ok 6 == searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles($dir);
  clearFolder($dir, 10);
 }

copyFolder($$)

Copy a folder

   Parameter  Description
1  $source    Source file
2  $target    Target file

Example:

if (1) {
  my $h =
   {"aaa/1.txt"=>"1111",
    "aaa/2.txt"=>"2222",
   };
  clearFolder(q(aaa), 3);
  clearFolder(q(bbb), 3);
  writeFiles($h);
  my $a = readFiles(q(aaa));
  is_deeply $h, $a;
  𝗰𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿(q(aaa), q(bbb));
  my $b = readFiles(q(bbb));
  is_deeply [sort values %$a],[sort values %$b];

  copyFile(q(aaa/1.txt), q(aaa/2.txt));
  my $A = readFiles(q(aaa));
  is_deeply(values %$A);

  clearFolder(q(aaa), 3);
  clearFolder(q(bbb), 3);
 }

Images

Image operations.

imageSize($)

Return (width, height) of an image obtained via Imagemagick.

   Parameter  Description
1  $image     File containing image

Example:

my ($width, $height) = 𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗦𝗶𝘇𝗲(fpe(qw(a image jpg)));

convertImageToJpx($$$$)

Convert an image to jpx format using Imagemagick applying an optional scaling if required.

   Parameter  Description
1  $Source    Source file
2  $target    Target folder (as multiple files will be created)
3  $Size      Optional size of each tile - defaults to 256
4  $Tiles     Optional limit in either direction on the number of tiles

Example:

𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗜𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗧𝗼𝗝𝗽𝘅(fpe(qw(a image jpg)), fpe(qw(a image jpg)), 256);

convertDocxToFodt($$)

Convert a docx file to fodt using unoconv which must not be running elsewhere at the time. Unoconv can be installed via:

sudo apt install sharutils unoconv

Parameters:

   Parameter    Description
1  $inputFile   Input file
2  $outputFile  Output file

Example:

𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗗𝗼𝗰𝘅𝗧𝗼𝗙𝗼𝗱𝘁(fpe(qw(a docx)), fpe(qw(a fodt)));

cutOutImagesInFodtFile($$$)

Cut out the images embedded in a fodt file, perhaps produced via convertDocxToFodt, placing them in the specified folder and replacing them in the source file with:

<image href="$imageFile" outputclass="imageType">.

This conversion requires that you have both Imagemagick and unoconv installed on your system:

sudo apt install sharutils  imagemagick unoconv

Parameters:

   Parameter      Description
1  $inputFile     Input file
2  $outputFolder  Output folder for images
3  $imagePrefix   A prefix to be added to image file names

Example:

𝗰𝘂𝘁𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗜𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀𝗜𝗻𝗙𝗼𝗱𝘁𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲(fpe(qw(source fodt)), fpd(qw(images)), q(image));

Encoding and Decoding

Encode and decode using Json and Mime.

encodeJson($)

Encode Perl to Json.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    Data to encode

Example:

my $A = 𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗝𝘀𝗼𝗻(my $a = {a=>1,b=>2, c=>[1..2]});

my $b = decodeJson($A);

is_deeply $a, $b;

decodeJson($)

Decode Perl from Json.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    Data to decode

Example:

my $A = encodeJson(my $a = {a=>1,b=>2, c=>[1..2]});

my $b = 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗝𝘀𝗼𝗻($A);

is_deeply $a, $b;

encodeBase64($)

Encode a string in base 64.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to encode

Example:

my $A = 𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗲𝟲𝟰(my $a = "Hello World" x 10);

my $b = decodeBase64($A);

ok $a eq $b;

decodeBase64($)

Decode a string in base 64.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to decode

Example:

my $A = encodeBase64(my $a = "Hello World" x 10);

my $b = 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗲𝟲𝟰($A);

ok $a eq $b;

convertUnicodeToXml($)

Convert a string with unicode points that are not directly representable in ascii into string that replaces these points with their representation on Xml making the string usable in Xml documents.

   Parameter  Description
1  $s         String to convert

Example:

ok 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗨𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗧𝗼𝗫𝗺𝗹('setenta e três') eq q(setenta e tr&#234;s);

asciiToHexString($)

Encode an ascii string as a string of hexadecimal digits.

   Parameter  Description
1  $ascii     Ascii string

Example:

if (1) {
  ok 𝗮𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗶𝗧𝗼𝗛𝗲𝘅𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴("Hello World!") eq                  "48656c6c6f20576f726c6421";
  ok                  "Hello World!"  eq hexToAsciiString("48656c6c6f20576f726c6421");
 }

hexToAsciiString($)

Decode a string of hexadecimal digits as an ascii string.

   Parameter  Description
1  $hex       Hexadecimal string

Example:

if (1) {
  ok asciiToHexString("Hello World!") eq                  "48656c6c6f20576f726c6421";
  ok                  "Hello World!"  eq 𝗵𝗲𝘅𝗧𝗼𝗔𝘀𝗰𝗶𝗶𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴("48656c6c6f20576f726c6421");
 }

Numbers

Numeric operations,

powerOfTwo($)

Test whether a number is a power of two, return the power if it is else undef.

   Parameter  Description
1  $n         Number to check

Example:

ok  𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗧𝘄𝗼(1) == 0;

ok  𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗧𝘄𝗼(2) == 1;

ok !𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗧𝘄𝗼(3);

ok  𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗧𝘄𝗼(4) == 2;

containingPowerOfTwo($)

Find log two of the lowest power of two greater than or equal to a number.

   Parameter  Description
1  $n         Number to check

Example:

ok  𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗣𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗧𝘄𝗼(1) == 0;

ok  𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗣𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗧𝘄𝗼(2) == 1;

ok  𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗣𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗧𝘄𝗼(3) == 2;

ok  𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗣𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗧𝘄𝗼(4) == 2;

Sets

Set operations.

mergeHashesBySummingValues(@)

Merge the specified hashes by summing their values

   Parameter  Description
1  @h         List of hashes to be summed

Example:

if (1) {
  is_deeply +{a=>1, b=>2, c=>3},
    𝗺𝗲𝗿𝗴𝗲𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗲𝘀𝗕𝘆𝗦𝘂𝗺𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗩𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗲𝘀
      +{a=>1,b=>1, c=>1}, +{b=>1,c=>1}, +{c=>1};
 }

setUnion(@)

Union of sets represented as arrays of strings and/or the keys of hashes

   Parameter  Description
1  @s         Array of arrays of strings and/or hashes

Example:

if (1) {
  is_deeply [qw(a b c)],     [𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗨𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻(qw(a b c a a b b b))];
  is_deeply [qw(a b c d e)], [𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗨𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻 {a=>1, b=>2, e=>3}, [qw(c d e)], qw(e)];
 }

setIntersection(@)

Intersection of sets represented as arrays of strings and/or the keys of hashes

   Parameter  Description
1  @s         Array of arrays of strings and/or hashes

Example:

if (1) {
  is_deeply [qw(a b c)], [𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻[qw(e f g a b c )],[qw(a A b B c C)]];
  is_deeply [qw(e)],   [𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 {a=>1, b=>2, e=>3}, [qw(c d e)], qw(e)];
 }

setIntersectionOverUnion(@)

Returns the size of the intersection over the size of the union of one or more sets represented as arrays and/or hashes

   Parameter  Description
1  @s         Array of arrays of strings and/or hashes

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f = 𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗨𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻 {a=>1, b=>2, e=>3}, [qw(c d e)], qw(e);
  ok $f > 0.199999 && $f < 2.00001;
 }

setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnion($@)

Partition a set of sets so that within each partition the setIntersectionOverUnion of any two sets in the partition is never less than the specified $confidence**2

   Parameter    Description
1  $confidence  Minimum setIntersectionOverUnion
2  @sets        Array of arrays of strings and/or hashes representing sets

Example:

if (1) {
  is_deeply [𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝗻𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗨𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻
   (0.80,
     [qw(a A   b c d e)],
     [qw(a A B b c d e)],
     [qw(a A B C b c d)],
   )],
  [[["A", "B", "a".."e"],
    ["A",      "a".."e"]],
   [["A".."C", "a".."d"]],
  ];
}




if (1) {
is_deeply [setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfSetsOfWords
   (0.80,
     [qw(a A   b c d e)],
     [qw(a A B b c d e)],
     [qw(a A B C b c d)],
   )],
 [[["a", "A", "B", "C", "b", "c", "d"]],
  [["a", "A", "B", "b" .. "e"], ["a", "A", "b" .. "e"]],
 ];
 }

setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfSetsOfWords($@)

Partition a set of sets of words so that within each partition the setIntersectionOverUnion of any two sets of words in the partition is never less than the specified $confidence**2

   Parameter    Description
1  $confidence  Minimum setIntersectionOverUnion
2  @sets        Array of arrays of strings and/or hashes representing sets

Example:

if (1) {
is_deeply [𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝗻𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗨𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝗳𝗦𝗲𝘁𝘀𝗢𝗳𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗱𝘀
   (0.80,
     [qw(a A   b c d e)],
     [qw(a A B b c d e)],
     [qw(a A B C b c d)],
   )],
 [[["a", "A", "B", "C", "b", "c", "d"]],
  [["a", "A", "B", "b" .. "e"], ["a", "A", "b" .. "e"]],
 ];
 }

setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfStringSets($@)

Partition a set of sets, each set represented by a string containing words and punctuation, each word possibly capitalized, so that within each partition the setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfSetsOfWords of any two sets of words in the partition is never less than the specified $confidence**2

   Parameter    Description
1  $confidence  Minimum setIntersectionOverUnion
2  @strings     Sets represented by strings

Example:

if (1) {
is_deeply [𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝗻𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗨𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝗳𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗦𝗲𝘁𝘀
   (0.80,
     q(The Emu            are seen here sometimes.),
     q(The Emu, Gnu       are seen here sometimes.),
     q(The Emu, Gnu, Colt are seen here.),
   )],
 [["The Emu, Gnu, Colt are seen here."],
  ["The Emu, Gnu       are seen here sometimes.",
   "The Emu            are seen here sometimes.",
  ]];
 }

setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfHashStringSets($$)

Partition a set of sets represented by a hash, each hash value being a string containing words and punctuation, each word possibly capitalized, so that within each partition the setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfSetsOfWords of any two sets of words in the partition is never less than the specified $confidence**2 and the partition entries are the hash keys of the string sets.

   Parameter    Description
1  $confidence  Minimum setIntersectionOverUnion
2  $hashSet     Sets represented by the hash value strings

Example:

if (1) {
  is_deeply [𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝗻𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗨𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗢𝗳𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗦𝗲𝘁𝘀
   (0.80,
     {e  =>q(The Emu            are seen here sometimes.),
      eg =>q(The Emu, Gnu       are seen here sometimes.),
      egc=>q(The Emu, Gnu, Colt are seen here.),
     }
   )],
 [["e", "eg"], ["egc"]];
 }

contains($@)

Returns the indices at which an item matches elements of the specified array. If the item is a regular expression then it is matched as one, else it is a number it is matched as a number, else as a string.

   Parameter  Description
1  $item      Item
2  @array     Array

Example:

is_deeply [1],       [𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀(1,0..1)];

is_deeply [1,3],     [𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀(1, qw(0 1 0 1 0 0))];

is_deeply [0, 5],    [𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀('a', qw(a b c d e a b c d e))];

is_deeply [0, 1, 5], [𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀(qr(a+), qw(a baa c d e aa b c d e))];

countOccurencesInString($$)

Returns the number of times the first string occurs in the second string

   Parameter   Description
1  $inString   String to search in
2  $searchFor  String to search for.

Example:

if (1)
 {ok 𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗢𝗰𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀𝗜𝗻𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(q(a<b>c<b><b>d), q(<b>)) == 3;
 }

Minima and Maxima

Find the smallest and largest elements of arrays.

min(@)

Find the minimum number in a list confessing to any ill defined values.

   Parameter  Description
1  @m         Numbers

Example:

ok 𝗺𝗶𝗻(1) == 1;

ok 𝗺𝗶𝗻(5,4,2,3) == 2;

indexOfMin(@)

Find the index of the minimum number in a list confessing to any ill defined values.

   Parameter  Description
1  @m         Numbers

Example:

ok 𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗲𝘅𝗢𝗳𝗠𝗶𝗻(qw(2 3 1 2)) == 2;

max(@)

Find the maximum number in a list confessing to any ill defined values.

   Parameter  Description
1  @m         Numbers

Example:

ok !𝗺𝗮𝘅;

ok 𝗺𝗮𝘅(1) == 1;

ok 𝗺𝗮𝘅(1,4,2,3) == 4;

indexOfMax(@)

Find the index of the maximum number in a list confessing to any ill defined values.

   Parameter  Description
1  @m         Numbers

Example:

{ok 𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗲𝘅𝗢𝗳𝗠𝗮𝘅(qw(2 3 1 2)) == 1;

arraySum(@)

Find the sum of any strings that look like numbers in an array

   Parameter  Description
1  @a         Array to sum

Example:

{ok 𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗦𝘂𝗺   (1..10) ==  55;

arrayProduct(@)

Find the product of any strings that look like numbers in an array

   Parameter  Description
1  @a         Array to multiply

Example:

ok 𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁(1..5) == 120;

arrayTimes($@)

Multiply the second and subsequent parameters by the first parameter and return as an array

   Parameter    Description
1  $multiplier  Multiplier
2  @a           Array to multiply and return

Example:

is_deeply[𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗧𝗶𝗺𝗲𝘀(2, 1..5)], [qw(2 4 6 8 10)];

Format

Format data structures as tables.

maximumLineLength($)

Find the longest line in a string

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String of lines of text

Example:

ok 3 == 𝗺𝗮𝘅𝗶𝗺𝘂𝗺𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗟𝗲𝗻𝗴𝘁𝗵(<<END);
a
bb
ccc
END

formatTableBasic($)

Tabularize an array of arrays of text.

   Parameter  Description
1  $data      Reference to an array of arrays of data to be formatted as a table.

Example:

if (1) {
  my $d = [[qw(a 1)], [qw(bb 22)], [qw(ccc 333)], [qw(dddd 4444)]];
  ok 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗶𝗰($d) eq <<END, q(ftb);
a        1
bb      22
ccc    333
dddd  4444
END
  }

if (0) {
  my %pids;
  ˢ{startProcess {} %pids, 1; ok 1 >= keys %pids} for 1..8;
  waitForAllStartedProcessesToFinish(%pids);
  ok !keys(%pids)
 }

formatTable($$%)

Optionally create a report from the table using the following optional report %options:

file=>$file the name of a file to write the report to.

head=>$head a header line in which DDDD will be replaced with the data and time and NNNN will be replaced with the number of rows in the table.

foot=>$foot footer text that will be placed immediately after the table.

wide=>$widewrite a note explaining the need to scroll to the right if true.

msg=>$msg if true a summary of the situation will be written to STDERR including the first line of the header and the file being written to.

zero=>$zero if true the report will be written to the specified file even if the report is empty.

Parameters:

   Parameter      Description
1  $data          Data to be formatted
2  $columnTitles  Optional reference to an array of titles or string of column descriptions
3  %options       Options

Example:

ok 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲

 ([[qw(A    B    C    D   )],

   [qw(AA   BB   CC   DD  )],

   [qw(AAA  BBB  CCC  DDD )],

   [qw(AAAA BBBB CCCC DDDD)],

   [qw(1    22   333  4444)]], [qw(aa bb cc)]) eq <<END;
   aa    bb    cc
1  A     B     C     D
2  AA    BB    CC    DD
3  AAA   BBB   CCC   DDD
4  AAAA  BBBB  CCCC  DDDD
5     1    22   333  4444
END

ok 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲

 ([[qw(1     B   C)],

   [qw(22    BB  CC)],

   [qw(333   BBB CCC)],

   [qw(4444  22  333)]], [qw(aa bb cc)]) eq <<END;
   aa    bb   cc
1     1  B    C
2    22  BB   CC
3   333  BBB  CCC
4  4444   22  333
END

ok 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲

 ([{aa=>'A',   bb=>'B',   cc=>'C'},

   {aa=>'AA',  bb=>'BB',  cc=>'CC'},

   {aa=>'AAA', bb=>'BBB', cc=>'CCC'},

   {aa=>'1',   bb=>'22',  cc=>'333'}

   ]) eq <<END;
   aa   bb   cc
1  A    B    C
2  AA   BB   CC
3  AAA  BBB  CCC
4    1   22  333
END

ok 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲

 ({''=>[qw(aa bb cc)],

    1=>[qw(A B C)],

    22=>[qw(AA BB CC)],

    333=>[qw(AAA BBB CCC)],

    4444=>[qw(1 22 333)]}) eq <<END;
      aa   bb   cc
   1  A    B    C
  22  AA   BB   CC
 333  AAA  BBB  CCC
4444    1   22  333
END

ok 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲

 ({1=>{aa=>'A', bb=>'B', cc=>'C'},

   22=>{aa=>'AA', bb=>'BB', cc=>'CC'},

   333=>{aa=>'AAA', bb=>'BBB', cc=>'CCC'},

   4444=>{aa=>'1', bb=>'22', cc=>'333'}}) eq <<END;
      aa   bb   cc
   1  A    B    C
  22  AA   BB   CC
 333  AAA  BBB  CCC
4444    1   22  333
END

ok 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲({aa=>'A', bb=>'B', cc=>'C'}, [qw(aaaa bbbb)]) eq <<END;
aaaa  bbbb
aa    A
bb    B
cc    C
END

if (1) {
  my $file = fpe(qw(report txt));                                               # Create a report
  my $t = 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲
   ([["a",undef], [undef, "b0ac"]],                                           # Data - please replace 0a with a new line
    [undef, "BC"],                                                              # Column titles
    file=>$file,                                                                # Output file
    head=><<END);                                                               # Header
Sample report.

Table has NNNN rows.
END
  ok -e $file;
  ok readFile($file) eq $t;
  unlink $file;
  ok nws($t) eq nws(<<END);
Sample report.

Table has 2 rows.

This file: report.txt

      BC
1  a
2     b
      c
END
 }

formattedTablesReport(@)

Report of all the reports created. The optional parameters are the same as for formatTable

   Parameter  Description
1  @options   Options

Example:

if (1) {
  @formatTables = ();

  for my $m(2..8)
   {formatTable([map {[$_, $_*$m]} 1..$m], [q(Single), qq(* $m)],
      title=>qq(Multiply by $m));
   }

  ok nws(𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗱𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲𝘀𝗥𝗲𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁) eq nws(<<END);
   Rows  Title          File
1     2  Multiply by 2
2     3  Multiply by 3
3     4  Multiply by 4
4     5  Multiply by 5
5     6  Multiply by 6
6     7  Multiply by 7
7     8  Multiply by 8
END
 }

summarizeColumn($$)

Count the number of unique instances of each value a column in a table assumes.

   Parameter  Description
1  $data      Table == array of arrays
2  $column    Column number to summarize.

Example:

if (1) {
  is_deeply
   [𝘀𝘂𝗺𝗺𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗖𝗼𝗹𝘂𝗺𝗻([map {[$_]} qw(A B D B C D C D A C D C B B D)], 0)],
   [[5, "D"], [4, "B"], [4, "C"], [2, "A"]];

  ok nws(formatTable
   ([map {[split m//, $_]} qw(AA CB CD BC DC DD CD AD AA DC CD CC BB BB BD)],
    [qw(Col-1 Col-2)],
     summarize=>1)) eq nws(<<'END');

Summary_of_column                - Count of unique values found in each column                     Use the Geany flick capability by placing your cursor on the first word
Comma_Separated_Values_of_column - Comma separated list of the unique values found in each column  of these lines and pressing control + down arrow to see each sub report.

    Col-1  Col-2
 1  A      A
 2  C      B
 3  C      D
 4  B      C
 5  D      C
 6  D      D
 7  C      D
 8  A      D
 9  A      A
10  D      C
11  C      D
12  C      C
13  B      B
14  B      B
15  B      D

Summary_of_column_Col-1
   Count  Col-1
1      5  C
2      4  B
3      3  A
4      3  D

Comma_Separated_Values_of_column_Col-1: "C","B","A","D"

Summary_of_column_Col-2
   Count  Col-2
1      6  D
2      4  C
3      3  B
4      2  A

Comma_Separated_Values_of_column_Col-2: "D","C","B","A"

END
 }

keyCount($$)

Count keys down to the specified level.

   Parameter  Description
1  $maxDepth  Maximum depth to count to
2  $ref       Reference to an array or a hash

Example:

my $a = [[1..3],       {map{$_=>1} 1..3}];

my $h = {a=>[1..3], b=>{map{$_=>1} 1..3}};

ok 𝗸𝗲𝘆𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁(2, $a) == 6;

ok 𝗸𝗲𝘆𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁(2, $h) == 6;

Lines

Load data structures from lines.

loadArrayFromLines($)

Load an array from lines of text in a string.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    The string of lines from which to create an array

Example:

  my $s = 𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀 <<END;
a a
b b
END

  is_deeply $s, [q(a a), q(b b)];

  ok formatTable($s) eq <<END;
0  a a
1  b b
END

loadHashFromLines($)

Load a hash: first word of each line is the key and the rest is the value.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    The string of lines from which to create a hash

Example:

  my $s = 𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀 <<END;
a 10 11 12
b 20 21 22
END

  is_deeply $s, {a => q(10 11 12), b =>q(20 21 22)};

  ok formatTable($s) eq <<END;
a  10 11 12
b  20 21 22
END

loadArrayArrayFromLines($)

Load an array of arrays from lines of text: each line is an array of words.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    The string of lines from which to create an array of arrays

Example:

  my $s = 𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀 <<END;
A B C
AA BB CC
END

  is_deeply $s, [[qw(A B C)], [qw(AA BB CC)]];

  ok formatTable($s) eq <<END;
1  A   B   C
2  AA  BB  CC
END

loadHashArrayFromLines($)

Load a hash of arrays from lines of text: the first word of each line is the key, the remaining words are the array contents.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    The string of lines from which to create a hash of arrays

Example:

  my $s = 𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀 <<END;
a A B C
b AA BB CC
END

  is_deeply $s, {a =>[qw(A B C)], b => [qw(AA BB CC)] };

  ok formatTable($s) eq <<END;
a  A   B   C
b  AA  BB  CC
END

loadArrayHashFromLines($)

Load an array of hashes from lines of text: each line is a hash of words.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    The string of lines from which to create an array of arrays

Example:

  my $s = 𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀 <<END;
A 1 B 2
AA 11 BB 22
END

  is_deeply $s, [{A=>1, B=>2}, {AA=>11, BB=>22}];

  ok formatTable($s) eq <<END;
   A  AA  B  BB
1  1      2
2     11     22
END

loadHashHashFromLines($)

Load a hash of hashes from lines of text: the first word of each line is the key, the remaining words are the sub hash contents.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    The string of lines from which to create a hash of arrays

Example:

  my $s = 𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀 <<END;
a A 1 B 2
b AA 11 BB 22
END

  is_deeply $s, {a=>{A=>1, B=>2}, b=>{AA=>11, BB=>22}};

  ok formatTable($s) eq <<END;
   A  AA  B  BB
a  1      2
b     11     22
END

checkKeys($$)

Check the keys in a hash.

   Parameter   Description
1  $test       The hash to test
2  $permitted  A hash of the permitted keys and their meanings

Example:

eval q{𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗰𝗸𝗞𝗲𝘆𝘀({a=>1, b=>2, d=>3}, {a=>1, b=>2, c=>3})};

ok nws($@) =~ m(\AInvalid options chosen: d Permitted.+?: a 1 b 2 c 3);

LVALUE methods

Replace $a->{value} = $b with $a->value = $b which reduces the amount of typing required, is easier to read and provides a hard check that {value} is spelled correctly.

genLValueScalarMethods(@)

Generate lvalue scalar methods in the current package, A method whose value has not yet been set will return a new scalar with value undef. Suffixing X to the scalar name will confess if a value has not been set.

   Parameter  Description
1  @names     List of method names

Example:

package Scalars;

my $a = bless{};

Data::Table::Text::𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗟𝗩𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗲𝗦𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗠𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱𝘀(qw(aa bb cc));

$a->aa = 'aa';

Test::More::ok  $a->aa eq 'aa';

Test::More::ok !$a->bb;

Test::More::ok  $a->bbX eq q();

$a->aa = undef;

Test::More::ok !$a->aa;

addLValueScalarMethods(@)

Generate lvalue scalar methods in the current package if they do not already exist. A method whose value has not yet been set will return a new scalar with value undef. Suffixing X to the scalar name will confess if a value has not been set.

   Parameter  Description
1  @names     List of method names

Example:

my $class = "Data::Table::Text::Test";

my $a = bless{}, $class;

𝗮𝗱𝗱𝗟𝗩𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗲𝗦𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗠𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱𝘀(qq(${class}::$_)) for qw(aa bb aa bb);

$a->aa = 'aa';

ok  $a->aa eq 'aa';

ok !$a->bb;

ok  $a->bbX eq q();

$a->aa = undef;

ok !$a->aa;

genLValueScalarMethodsWithDefaultValues(@)

Generate lvalue scalar methods with default values in the current package. A reference to a method whose value has not yet been set will return a scalar whose value is the name of the method.

   Parameter  Description
1  @names     List of method names

Example:

package ScalarsWithDefaults;

my $a = bless{};

Data::Table::Text::𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗟𝗩𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗲𝗦𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗠𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱𝘀𝗪𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗗𝗲𝗳𝗮𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗩𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗲𝘀(qw(aa bb cc));

Test::More::ok $a->aa eq 'aa';

genLValueArrayMethods(@)

Generate lvalue array methods in the current package. A reference to a method that has no yet been set will return a reference to an empty array.

   Parameter  Description
1  @names     List of method names

Example:

package Arrays;

my $a = bless{};

Data::Table::Text::𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗟𝗩𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗲𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗠𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱𝘀(qw(aa bb cc));

$a->aa->[1] = 'aa';

Test::More::ok $a->aa->[1] eq 'aa';

genLValueHashMethods(@)

Generate lvalue hash methods in the current package. A reference to a method that has no yet been set will return a reference to an empty hash.

   Parameter  Description
1  @names     Method names

Example:

package Hashes;

my $a = bless{};

Data::Table::Text::𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗟𝗩𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗲𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗠𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱𝘀(qw(aa bb cc));

$a->aa->{a} = 'aa';

Test::More::ok $a->aa->{a} eq 'aa';

genHash($%)

   Parameter    Description
1  $bless       Package name
2  %attributes  Hash of attribute names and values

Example:

if (1) {
  my $o = 𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵(q(TestHash),                                                  # Definition of a blessed hash.
      a=>q(aa),                                                                 # Definition of attribute aa.
      b=>q(bb),                                                                 # Definition of attribute bb.
     );
  ok $o->a eq q(aa);
  is_deeply $o, {a=>"aa", b=>"bb"};
  my $p = 𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵(q(TestHash),
    c=>q(cc),                                                                   # Definition of attribute cc.
   );
  ok $p->c eq q(cc);
  ok $p->a =  q(aa);
  ok $p->a eq q(aa);
  is_deeply $p, {a=>"aa", c=>"cc"};

  loadHash($p, a=>11, b=>22);                                                   # Load the hash
  is_deeply $p, {a=>11, b=>22, c=>"cc"};

  my $r = eval {loadHash($p, d=>44)};                                           # Try to load the hash
  ok $@ =~ m(Cannot load attribute: d);
 }

loadHash($%)

Load the specified $hash generated with genHash with %attributes. Confess to any unknown attribute names.

   Parameter    Description
1  $hash        Hash
2  %attributes  Hash of attribute names and values to be loaded

Example:

if (1) {
  my $o = genHash(q(TestHash),                                                  # Definition of a blessed hash.
      a=>q(aa),                                                                 # Definition of attribute aa.
      b=>q(bb),                                                                 # Definition of attribute bb.
     );
  ok $o->a eq q(aa);
  is_deeply $o, {a=>"aa", b=>"bb"};
  my $p = genHash(q(TestHash),
    c=>q(cc),                                                                   # Definition of attribute cc.
   );
  ok $p->c eq q(cc);
  ok $p->a =  q(aa);
  ok $p->a eq q(aa);
  is_deeply $p, {a=>"aa", c=>"cc"};

  𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵($p, a=>11, b=>22);                                                   # Load the hash
  is_deeply $p, {a=>11, b=>22, c=>"cc"};

  my $r = eval {𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵($p, d=>44)};                                           # Try to load the hash
  ok $@ =~ m(Cannot load attribute: d);
 }

reloadHashes($)

Ensures that all the hashes within a tower of data structures have LValue methods to get and set their current keys.

   Parameter  Description
1  $d         Data structure

Example:

if (1)
 {my $a = bless [bless {aaa=>42}, "AAAA"], "BBBB";
  eval {$a->[0]->aaa};
  ok $@ =~ m(\ACan.t locate object method .aaa. via package .AAAA.);
  𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗲𝘀($a);
  ok $a->[0]->aaa == 42;
 }

if (1)
 {my $a = bless [bless {ccc=>42}, "CCCC"], "DDDD";
  eval {$a->[0]->ccc};
  ok $@ =~ m(\ACan.t locate object method .ccc. via package .CCCC.);
  𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗮𝗱𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗲𝘀($a);
  ok $a->[0]->ccc == 42;
 }

setPackageSearchOrder($@)

Set a package search order for methods requested in the current package via AUTOLOAD.

   Parameter  Description
1  $set       Package to set
2  @search    Package names in search order.

Example:

if (1)
 {if (1)
   {package AAAA;

    sub aaaa{q(AAAAaaaa)}
    sub bbbb{q(AAAAbbbb)}
    sub cccc{q(AAAAcccc)}
   }
  if (1)
   {package BBBB;

    sub aaaa{q(BBBBaaaa)}
    sub bbbb{q(BBBBbbbb)}
    sub dddd{q(BBBBdddd)}
   }
  if (1)
   {package CCCC;

    sub aaaa{q(CCCCaaaa)}
    sub dddd{q(CCCCdddd)}
    sub eeee{q(CCCCeeee)}
   }

  𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗦𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗢𝗿𝗱𝗲𝗿(__PACKAGE__, qw(CCCC BBBB AAAA));

  ok &aaaa eq q(CCCCaaaa);
  ok &bbbb eq q(BBBBbbbb);
  ok &cccc eq q(AAAAcccc);

  ok &aaaa eq q(CCCCaaaa);
  ok &bbbb eq q(BBBBbbbb);
  ok &cccc eq q(AAAAcccc);

  ok &dddd eq q(CCCCdddd);
  ok &eeee eq q(CCCCeeee);

  𝘀𝗲𝘁𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗦𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗢𝗿𝗱𝗲𝗿(__PACKAGE__, qw(AAAA BBBB CCCC));

  ok &aaaa eq q(AAAAaaaa);
  ok &bbbb eq q(AAAAbbbb);
  ok &cccc eq q(AAAAcccc);

  ok &aaaa eq q(AAAAaaaa);
  ok &bbbb eq q(AAAAbbbb);
  ok &cccc eq q(AAAAcccc);

  ok &dddd eq q(BBBBdddd);
  ok &eeee eq q(CCCCeeee);
 }

isSubInPackage($$)

Test whether a subroutine is present in a package.

   Parameter  Description
1  $package   Package name
2  $sub       Subroutine name

Example:

if (1)
 {sub AAAA::Call {q(AAAA)}

  sub BBBB::Call {q(BBBB)}
  sub BBBB::call {q(bbbb)}

  if (1)
   {package BBBB;
    use Test::More;
    *ok = *Test::More::ok;
    *𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲 = *Data::Table::Text::𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲;
    ok  𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲(q(AAAA), q(Call));
    ok !𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲(q(AAAA), q(call));
    ok  𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲(q(BBBB), q(Call));
    ok  𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲(q(BBBB), q(call));
    ok Call eq q(BBBB);
    ok call eq q(bbbb);
    &Data::Table::Text::overrideMethods(qw(AAAA BBBB Call call));
    *𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲 = *Data::Table::Text::𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲;
    ok  𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲(q(AAAA), q(Call));
    ok  𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲(q(AAAA), q(call));
    ok  𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲(q(BBBB), q(Call));
    ok  𝗶𝘀𝗦𝘂𝗯𝗜𝗻𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲(q(BBBB), q(call));
    ok Call eq q(AAAA);
    ok call eq q(bbbb);
    package AAAA;
    use Test::More;
    *ok = *Test::More::ok;
    ok  Call eq q(AAAA);
    ok &call eq q(bbbb);
   }
 }

overrideMethods($$@)

For each method, if it exists in package $from then export it to package $to replacing any existing method in $to, otherwise export the method from package $to to package $from in order to merge the behavior of the $from and $to packages with respect to the named methods with duplicates resolved if favour of package $from.

   Parameter  Description
1  $from      Name of package from which to import methods
2  $to        Package into which to import the methods
3  @methods   List of methods to try importing.

Example:

if (1)
 {sub AAAA::Call {q(AAAA)}

  sub BBBB::Call {q(BBBB)}
  sub BBBB::call {q(bbbb)}

  if (1)
   {package BBBB;
    use Test::More;
    *ok = *Test::More::ok;
    *isSubInPackage = *Data::Table::Text::isSubInPackage;
    ok  isSubInPackage(q(AAAA), q(Call));
    ok !isSubInPackage(q(AAAA), q(call));
    ok  isSubInPackage(q(BBBB), q(Call));
    ok  isSubInPackage(q(BBBB), q(call));
    ok Call eq q(BBBB);
    ok call eq q(bbbb);
    &Data::Table::Text::𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗿𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗠𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱𝘀(qw(AAAA BBBB Call call));
    *isSubInPackage = *Data::Table::Text::isSubInPackage;
    ok  isSubInPackage(q(AAAA), q(Call));
    ok  isSubInPackage(q(AAAA), q(call));
    ok  isSubInPackage(q(BBBB), q(Call));
    ok  isSubInPackage(q(BBBB), q(call));
    ok Call eq q(AAAA);
    ok call eq q(bbbb);
    package AAAA;
    use Test::More;
    *ok = *Test::More::ok;
    ok  Call eq q(AAAA);
    ok &call eq q(bbbb);
   }
 }

This is a static method and so should be invoked as:

Data::Table::Text::overrideMethods

assertPackageRefs($@)

Confirm that the specified references are to the specified package

   Parameter  Description
1  $package   Package
2  @refs      References

Example:

if (1) {
  eval q{𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗥𝗲𝗳𝘀(q(bbb), bless {}, q(aaa))};
  ok $@ =~ m(\AWanted reference to bbb, but got aaa);
 }

assertRef(@)

Confirm that the specified references are to the package into which this routine has been exported.

   Parameter  Description
1  @refs      References

Example:

if (1) {
  eval q{𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗥𝗲𝗳(bless {}, q(aaa))};
  ok $@ =~ m(\AWanted reference to Data::Table::Text, but got aaa);
 }

ˢ(&)

Immediately executed inline sub to allow a code block before if.

   Parameter  Description
1  $sub       Sub enclosed in {} without the word "sub"

Example:

ok ˢ{1} == 1;

ok ˢ{1};

ˢ{my $s =
  ˢ{if (1)
     {return q(aa) if 1;
      q(bb);
     }
   };

  ok $s eq q(aa);
 };

arrayToHash(@)

Create a hash from an array

   Parameter  Description
1  @array     Array

Example:

is_deeply 𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗧𝗼𝗛𝗮𝘀𝗵(qw(a b c)), {a=>1, b=>1, c=>1};

Strings

Actions on strings.

indentString($$)

Indent lines contained in a string or formatted table by the specified string.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    The string of lines to indent
2  $indent    The indenting string

Example:

  my $t = [qw(aa bb cc)];

  my $d = [[qw(A B C)], [qw(AA BB CC)], [qw(AAA BBB CCC)],  [qw(1 22 333)]];

  ok $s eq <<END;
  1  A    B    C
  2  AA   BB   CC
  3  AAA  BBB  CCC
  4    1   22  333
END

isBlank($)

Test whether a string is blank.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String

Example:

 ok 𝗶𝘀𝗕𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗸("");

 ok 𝗶𝘀𝗕𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗸("
");

trim($)

Remove any white space from the front and end of a string.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String

Example:

ok 𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗺(" a b ") eq join ' ', qw(a b);

pad($$$)

Pad a string with blanks or the specified padding character to a multiple of a specified length.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String
2  $length    Tab width
3  $pad       Padding char

Example:

ok  𝗽𝗮𝗱('abc  ', 2).'='       eq "abc =";

ok  𝗽𝗮𝗱('abc  ', 3).'='       eq "abc=";

ok  𝗽𝗮𝗱('abc  ', 4, q(.)).'=' eq "abc.=";

firstNChars($$)

First N characters of a string.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String
2  $length    Length

Example:

ok 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁𝗡𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗿𝘀(q(abc), 2) eq q(ab);

ok 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁𝗡𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗿𝘀(q(abc), 4) eq q(abc);

nws($$)

Normalize white space in a string to make comparisons easier. Leading and trailing white space is removed; blocks of white space in the interior are reduced to a single space. In effect: this puts everything on one long line with never more than one space at a time. Optionally a maximum length is applied to the normalized string.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to normalize
2  $length    Maximum length of result

Example:

ok 𝗻𝘄𝘀(qq(a  b    c)) eq q(a b c);

stringsAreNotEqual($$)

Return the common start followed by the two non equal tails of two non equal strings or an empty list if the strings are equal.

   Parameter  Description
1  $a         First string
2  $b         Second string

Example:

if (1) {
  ok        !𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀𝗔𝗿𝗲𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗘𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗹(q(abc), q(abc));
  ok         𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀𝗔𝗿𝗲𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗘𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗹(q(abc), q(abd));
  is_deeply [𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀𝗔𝗿𝗲𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗘𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗹(q(abc), q(abd))], [qw(ab c d)];
  is_deeply [𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀𝗔𝗿𝗲𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗘𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗹(q(ab),  q(abd))], [q(ab), '', q(d)];
 }

javaPackage($)

Extract the package name from a java string or file.

   Parameter  Description
1  $java      Java file if it exists else the string of java

Example:

  overWriteFile($f, <<END);
// Test
package com.xyz;
END

  ok 𝗷𝗮𝘃𝗮𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲($f)           eq "com.xyz";

javaPackageAsFileName($)

Extract the package name from a java string or file and convert it to a file name.

   Parameter  Description
1  $java      Java file if it exists else the string of java

Example:

  overWriteFile($f, <<END);
// Test
package com.xyz;
END

  ok 𝗷𝗮𝘃𝗮𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗔𝘀𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲($f) eq "com/xyz";

perlPackage($)

Extract the package name from a perl string or file.

   Parameter  Description
1  $perl      Perl file if it exists else the string of perl

Example:

  overWriteFile($f, <<END);
package a::b;
END

  ok 𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗲($f)           eq "a::b";

printQw(@)

Print an array of words in qw() format.

   Parameter  Description
1  @words     Array of words

Example:

ok 𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗤𝘄(qw(a b c)) eq q(qw(a b c));

numberOfLinesInString($)

The number of lines in a string.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String

Example:

ok 𝗻𝘂𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗢𝗳𝗟𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗜𝗻𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴("a
b
") == 2;

javaScriptExports($)

Extract the Javascript functions marked for export in a file or string. Functions are marked for export by placing function in column 1 followed by //E on the same line. The end of the exported function is located by }

   Parameter      Description
1  $fileOrString  File or string

Example:

if (1) {
  ok 𝗷𝗮𝘃𝗮𝗦𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗘𝘅𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝘀(<<END) eq <<END;
function aaa()            //E
 {console.log('aaa');
 }

Unicode

Translate ascii alphanumerics in strings to various Unicode blocks.

boldString($)

Convert alphanumerics in a string to bold.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

ok 𝗯𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(q(zZ)) eq q(𝘇𝗭);

boldStringUndo($)

Undo alphanumerics in a string to bold.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

if (1)
 {my $n = 1234567890;
  ok 𝗯𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗨𝗻𝗱𝗼            (boldString($n))             == $n;
  ok enclosedStringUndo        (enclosedString($n))         == $n;
  ok enclosedReversedStringUndo(enclosedReversedString($n)) == $n;
  ok superScriptStringUndo     (superScriptString($n))      == $n;
  ok subScriptStringUndo       (subScriptString($n))        == $n;
 }

enclosedString($)

Convert alphanumerics in a string to enclosed alphanumerics.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

ok 𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗹𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗱𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(q(hello world 1234)) eq q(ⓗⓔⓛⓛⓞ ⓦⓞⓡⓛⓓ ①②③④);

enclosedStringUndo($)

Undo alphanumerics in a string to enclosed alphanumerics.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

if (1)
 {my $n = 1234567890;
  ok boldStringUndo            (boldString($n))             == $n;
  ok 𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗹𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗱𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗨𝗻𝗱𝗼        (enclosedString($n))         == $n;
  ok enclosedReversedStringUndo(enclosedReversedString($n)) == $n;
  ok superScriptStringUndo     (superScriptString($n))      == $n;
  ok subScriptStringUndo       (subScriptString($n))        == $n;
 }

enclosedReversedString($)

Convert alphanumerics in a string to enclosed reversed alphanumerics.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

ok 𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗹𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗱𝗥𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗱𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(q(hello world 1234)) eq q(🅗🅔🅛🅛🅞 🅦🅞🅡🅛🅓 ➊➋➌➍);

enclosedReversedStringUndo($)

Undo alphanumerics in a string to enclosed reversed alphanumerics.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

if (1)
 {my $n = 1234567890;
  ok boldStringUndo            (boldString($n))             == $n;
  ok enclosedStringUndo        (enclosedString($n))         == $n;
  ok 𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗹𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗱𝗥𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗱𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗨𝗻𝗱𝗼(enclosedReversedString($n)) == $n;
  ok superScriptStringUndo     (superScriptString($n))      == $n;
  ok subScriptStringUndo       (subScriptString($n))        == $n;
 }

superScriptString($)

Convert alphanumerics in a string to super scripts

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

ok 𝘀𝘂𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗦𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(1234567890) eq q(¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹⁰);

superScriptStringUndo($)

Undo alphanumerics in a string to super scripts

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

if (1)
 {my $n = 1234567890;
  ok boldStringUndo            (boldString($n))             == $n;
  ok enclosedStringUndo        (enclosedString($n))         == $n;
  ok enclosedReversedStringUndo(enclosedReversedString($n)) == $n;
  ok 𝘀𝘂𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗦𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗨𝗻𝗱𝗼     (superScriptString($n))      == $n;
  ok subScriptStringUndo       (subScriptString($n))        == $n;
 }

subScriptString($)

Convert alphanumerics in a string to sub scripts

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

ok 𝘀𝘂𝗯𝗦𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴(1234567890)   eq q(₁₂₃₄₅₆₇₈₉₀);

subScriptStringUndo($)

Undo alphanumerics in a string to sub scripts

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String to convert

Example:

if (1)
 {my $n = 1234567890;
  ok boldStringUndo            (boldString($n))             == $n;
  ok enclosedStringUndo        (enclosedString($n))         == $n;
  ok enclosedReversedStringUndo(enclosedReversedString($n)) == $n;
  ok superScriptStringUndo     (superScriptString($n))      == $n;
  ok 𝘀𝘂𝗯𝗦𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗨𝗻𝗱𝗼       (subScriptString($n))        == $n;
 }

isFileUtf8($)

Return the file name quoted if its contents are in utf8 else return undef

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File to test

Example:

if (0) {
  my $f = writeFile(undef, "aaa");
  ok 𝗶𝘀𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗲𝗨𝘁𝗳𝟴 $f;
 }

Unix domain communications

Send messages between processes via a unix domain socket.

newUdsrServer(@)

Create a communications server - a means to communicate between processes on the same machine via Udsr::read and Udsr::write.

   Parameter  Description
1  @parms     Attributes per L<Udsr Definition|/Udsr Definition>

Example:

if (1) {
  my $N = 20;
  my $s = 𝗻𝗲𝘄𝗨𝗱𝘀𝗿𝗦𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗲𝗿(serverAction=>sub
   {my ($u) = @_;
    my $r = $u->read;
    $u->write(qq(Hello from server $r));
   });

  my $p = newProcessStarter(min(100, $N));                                      # Run some clients
  for my $i(1..$N)
   {$p->start(sub
     {my $count = 0;
      for my $j(1..$N)
       {my $c = newUdsrClient;
        my $m = qq(Hello from client $i x $j);
        $c->write($m);
        my $r = $c->read;
        ++$count if $r eq qq(Hello from server $m);
       }
      [$count]
     });
   }

  my $count;
  for my $r($p->finish)                                                         # Consolidate results
   {my ($c) = @$r;
    $count += $c;
   }

  ok $count == $N*$N;                                                           # Check results and kill
  $s->kill;
 }

newUdsrClient(@)

Create a new communications client - a means to communicate between processes on the same machine via Udsr::read and Udsr::write.

   Parameter  Description
1  @parms     Attributes per L<Udsr Definition|/Udsr Definition>

Example:

if (1) {
  my $N = 20;
  my $s = newUdsrServer(serverAction=>sub
   {my ($u) = @_;
    my $r = $u->read;
    $u->write(qq(Hello from server $r));
   });

  my $p = newProcessStarter(min(100, $N));                                      # Run some clients
  for my $i(1..$N)
   {$p->start(sub
     {my $count = 0;
      for my $j(1..$N)
       {my $c = 𝗻𝗲𝘄𝗨𝗱𝘀𝗿𝗖𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁;
        my $m = qq(Hello from client $i x $j);
        $c->write($m);
        my $r = $c->read;
        ++$count if $r eq qq(Hello from server $m);
       }
      [$count]
     });
   }

  my $count;
  for my $r($p->finish)                                                         # Consolidate results
   {my ($c) = @$r;
    $count += $c;
   }

  ok $count == $N*$N;                                                           # Check results and kill
  $s->kill;
 }

Udsr::write($$)

Write a communications message to the newUdsrServer or the newUdsrClient.

   Parameter  Description
1  $u         Communicator
2  $msg       Message

Example:

if (1) {
  my $N = 20;
  my $s = newUdsrServer(serverAction=>sub
   {my ($u) = @_;
    my $r = $u->read;
    $u->write(qq(Hello from server $r));
   });

  my $p = newProcessStarter(min(100, $N));                                      # Run some clients
  for my $i(1..$N)
   {$p->start(sub
     {my $count = 0;
      for my $j(1..$N)
       {my $c = newUdsrClient;
        my $m = qq(Hello from client $i x $j);
        $c->write($m);
        my $r = $c->read;
        ++$count if $r eq qq(Hello from server $m);
       }
      [$count]
     });
   }

  my $count;
  for my $r($p->finish)                                                         # Consolidate results
   {my ($c) = @$r;
    $count += $c;
   }

  ok $count == $N*$N;                                                           # Check results and kill
  $s->kill;
 }

Udsr::read($)

Read a message from the newUdsrServer or the newUdsrClient.

   Parameter  Description
1  $u         Communicator

Example:

if (1) {
  my $N = 20;
  my $s = newUdsrServer(serverAction=>sub
   {my ($u) = @_;
    my $r = $u->read;
    $u->write(qq(Hello from server $r));
   });

  my $p = newProcessStarter(min(100, $N));                                      # Run some clients
  for my $i(1..$N)
   {$p->start(sub
     {my $count = 0;
      for my $j(1..$N)
       {my $c = newUdsrClient;
        my $m = qq(Hello from client $i x $j);
        $c->write($m);
        my $r = $c->read;
        ++$count if $r eq qq(Hello from server $m);
       }
      [$count]
     });
   }

  my $count;
  for my $r($p->finish)                                                         # Consolidate results
   {my ($c) = @$r;
    $count += $c;
   }

  ok $count == $N*$N;                                                           # Check results and kill
  $s->kill;
 }

Udsr::kill($)

Kill a communications server.

   Parameter  Description
1  $u         Communicator

Example:

if (1) {
  my $N = 20;
  my $s = newUdsrServer(serverAction=>sub
   {my ($u) = @_;
    my $r = $u->read;
    $u->write(qq(Hello from server $r));
   });

  my $p = newProcessStarter(min(100, $N));                                      # Run some clients
  for my $i(1..$N)
   {$p->start(sub
     {my $count = 0;
      for my $j(1..$N)
       {my $c = newUdsrClient;
        my $m = qq(Hello from client $i x $j);
        $c->write($m);
        my $r = $c->read;
        ++$count if $r eq qq(Hello from server $m);
       }
      [$count]
     });
   }

  my $count;
  for my $r($p->finish)                                                         # Consolidate results
   {my ($c) = @$r;
    $count += $c;
   }

  ok $count == $N*$N;                                                           # Check results and kill
  $s->kill;
 }

Cloud Cover

Useful for operating across the cloud.

makeDieConfess()

Force die to confess where the death occurred.

Example:

𝗺𝗮𝗸𝗲𝗗𝗶𝗲𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗲𝘀𝘀

ipAddressViaArp($)

Get the ip address of a server on the local network by hostname via arp

   Parameter  Description
1  $hostName  Host name

Example:

𝗶𝗽𝗔𝗱𝗱𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗩𝗶𝗮𝗔𝗿𝗽(q(secarias));

saveCodeToS3($$$$$)

Save source code files.

   Parameter       Description
1  $saveCodeEvery  Save every seconds
2  $folder         Folder to save
3  $zipFileName    Zip file name
4  $bucket         Bucket/key
5  $S3Parms        Additional S3 parameters like profile or region as a string

Example:

𝘀𝗮𝘃𝗲𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗧𝗼𝗦𝟯(1200, q(.), q(projectName), q(bucket/folder), q(--quiet));

addCertificate($)

Add a certificate to the current ssh session.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      File containing certificate

Example:

𝗮𝗱𝗱𝗖𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗲(fpf(qw(.ssh cert)));

hostName()

The name of the host we are running on.

Example:

𝗵𝗼𝘀𝘁𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲;

userId()

The userid we are currently running under.

Example:

𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗿𝗜𝗱;

wwwEncode($)

Percent encode a url per: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding#Percent-encoding_reserved_characters

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String

Example:

if (1) {
  ok 𝘄𝘄𝘄𝗘𝗻𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲(q(a  {b} <c>)) eq q(a%20%20%7bb%7d%20%3cc%3e);
  ok 𝘄𝘄𝘄𝗘𝗻𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲(q(../))        eq q(%2e%2e/);
  ok wwwDecode(𝘄𝘄𝘄𝗘𝗻𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲 $_) eq $_ for q(a  {b} <c>), q(a  b|c),
    q(%), q(%%), q(%%.%%);
 }

sub 𝘄𝘄𝘄𝗘𝗻𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲($)
 {my ($string) = @_;                                                            # String
  join '', map {$translatePercentEncoding{$_}//$_} split //, $string
 }

wwwDecode($)

Percent decode a url per: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding#Percent-encoding_reserved_characters

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String

Example:

if (1) {
  ok wwwEncode(q(a  {b} <c>)) eq q(a%20%20%7bb%7d%20%3cc%3e);
  ok wwwEncode(q(../))        eq q(%2e%2e/);
  ok 𝘄𝘄𝘄𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲(wwwEncode $_) eq $_ for q(a  {b} <c>), q(a  b|c),
    q(%), q(%%), q(%%.%%);
 }

sub 𝘄𝘄𝘄𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲($)
 {my ($string) = @_;                                                            # String
  my $r = '';
  my @s = split //, $string;
  while(@s)
   {my $c = shift @s;
    if ($c eq q(%) and @s >= 2)
     {$c .= shift(@s).shift(@s);
      $r .= $TranslatePercentEncoding{$c}//$c;
     }
    else
     {$r .= $c;
     }
   }
  $r
 }

awsTranslateText($$$$)

Translate $text from English to a specified $language using AWS Translate with the specified global $options and return the translated string. Translations are cached in the specified $cacheFolder for reuse were feasible.

   Parameter     Description
1  $string       String to translate
2  $language     Language code
3  $cacheFolder  Cache folder
4  $Options      Aws global options string

Example:

ok 𝗮𝘄𝘀𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗧𝗲𝘅𝘁("Hello", "it", ".translations/") eq q(Ciao);

Processes

Start processes, wait for them to terminate and retrieve their results

startProcess(&\%$)

Start new processes while the number of child processes recorded in %$pids is less than the specified $maximum. Use waitForAllStartedProcessesToFinish to wait for all these processes to finish.

   Parameter  Description
1  $sub       Sub to start
2  $pids      Hash in which to record the process ids
3  $maximum   Maximum number of processes to run at a time

Example:

if (0) {
  my %pids;
  ˢ{𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀 {} %pids, 1; ok 1 >= keys %pids} for 1..8;
  waitForAllStartedProcessesToFinish(%pids);
  ok !keys(%pids)
 }

waitForAllStartedProcessesToFinish(\%)

Wait until all the processes started by startProcess have finished.

   Parameter  Description
1  $pids      Hash of started process ids

Example:

if (0) {
  my %pids;
  ˢ{startProcess {} %pids, 1; ok 1 >= keys %pids} for 1..8;
  𝘄𝗮𝗶𝘁𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗔𝗹𝗹𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗱𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗲𝘀𝗧𝗼𝗙𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗵(%pids);
  ok !keys(%pids)
 }

newProcessStarter($$)

   Parameter                  Description
1  $maximumNumberOfProcesses  Maximum number of processes to start
2  $transferArea              Optional folder to be used to save and retrieve results.

Example:

if (1)
 {my $N = 100;
  my $l = q(logFile.txt);
  unlink $l;
  my $s = 𝗻𝗲𝘄𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗿(4, q(processes));
     $s->processingTitle   = q(Test processes);
     $s->totalToBeStarted  = $N;
     $s->processingLogFile = $l;

  for my $i(1..$N)
   {Data::Table::Text::Starter::start($s, sub{$i*$i});
   }

  is_deeply
   [sort {$a <=> $b} Data::Table::Text::Starter::finish($s)],
   [map {$_**2} 1..$N];

  ok readFile($l) =~ m(Finished $N processes for: Test processes)s;
  clearFolder($s->transferArea, 1e3);
  unlink $l;
 }

Data::Table::Text::Starter::start($$)

Start a new process to run the specified $sub.

   Parameter  Description
1  $starter   Starter
2  $sub       Sub to be run.

Example:

if (1)
 {my $N = 100;
  my $l = q(logFile.txt);
  unlink $l;
  my $s = newProcessStarter(4, q(processes));
     $s->processingTitle   = q(Test processes);
     $s->totalToBeStarted  = $N;
     $s->processingLogFile = $l;

  for my $i(1..$N)
   {𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮::𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲::𝗧𝗲𝘅𝘁::𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗿::𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘁($s, sub{$i*$i});
   }

  is_deeply
   [sort {$a <=> $b} Data::Table::Text::Starter::finish($s)],
   [map {$_**2} 1..$N];

  ok readFile($l) =~ m(Finished $N processes for: Test processes)s;
  clearFolder($s->transferArea, 1e3);
  unlink $l;
 }

Data::Table::Text::Starter::finish($)

Wait for all started processes to finish and return their results as an array.

   Parameter  Description
1  $starter   Starter

Example:

if (1)
 {my $N = 100;
  my $l = q(logFile.txt);
  unlink $l;
  my $s = newProcessStarter(4, q(processes));
     $s->processingTitle   = q(Test processes);
     $s->totalToBeStarted  = $N;
     $s->processingLogFile = $l;

  for my $i(1..$N)
   {Data::Table::Text::Starter::start($s, sub{$i*$i});
   }

  is_deeply
   [sort {$a <=> $b} 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮::𝗧𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲::𝗧𝗲𝘅𝘁::𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗿::𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗵($s)],
   [map {$_**2} 1..$N];

  ok readFile($l) =~ m(Finished $N processes for: Test processes)s;
  clearFolder($s->transferArea, 1e3);
  unlink $l;
 }

squareArray(@)

Create a two dimensional square array from a one dimensional linear array.

   Parameter  Description
1  @array     Array

Example:

if (1) {
  is_deeply [𝘀𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆 @{[1..4]} ], [[1, 2], [3, 4]];
  is_deeply [𝘀𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆 @{[1..22]}],
   [[1 .. 5], [6 .. 10], [11 .. 15], [16 .. 20], [21, 22]];

  is_deeply [1..$_], [deSquareArray 𝘀𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆 @{[1..$_]}] for 1..22;
  ok $_ == countSquareArray         𝘀𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆 @{[1..$_]}  for 222;
 }

deSquareArray(@)

Create a one dimensional array from a two dimensional array of arrays

   Parameter  Description
1  @square    Array of arrays

Example:

if (1) {
  is_deeply [squareArray @{[1..4]} ], [[1, 2], [3, 4]];
  is_deeply [squareArray @{[1..22]}],
   [[1 .. 5], [6 .. 10], [11 .. 15], [16 .. 20], [21, 22]];

  is_deeply [1..$_], [𝗱𝗲𝗦𝗾𝘂𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗔𝗿𝗿𝗮𝘆 squareArray @{[1..$_]}] for 1..22;
  ok $_ == countSquareArray         squareArray @{[1..$_]}  for 222;
 }

newServiceIncarnation($$)

Create a new service incarnation to record the start up of a new instance of a service and return the description as a Data::Exchange::Service Definition hash.

   Parameter  Description
1  $service   Service name
2  $file      Optional details file

Example:

if (1)
 {my $s = 𝗻𝗲𝘄𝗦𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗲𝗜𝗻𝗰𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻("aaa", q(bbb.txt));
  is_deeply $s->check, $s;
  my $t = 𝗻𝗲𝘄𝗦𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗲𝗜𝗻𝗰𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻("aaa", q(bbb.txt));
  is_deeply $t->check, $t;
  ok $t->start >= $s->start+1;
  ok !$s->check(1);
  unlink q(bbb.txt);
 }

Data::Exchange::Service::check($$)

Check that we are the current incarnation of the named service with details obtained from newServiceIncarnation. If the optional $continue flag has been set then return the service details if this is the current service incarnation else undef. Otherwise if the $continue flag is false confess unless this is the current service incarnation thus bringing the earlier version of this service to an abrupt end.

   Parameter  Description
1  $service   Current service details
2  $continue  Return result if B<$continue> is true else confess if the service has been replaced

Example:

if (1)
 {my $s = newServiceIncarnation("aaa", q(bbb.txt));
  is_deeply $s->check, $s;
  my $t = newServiceIncarnation("aaa", q(bbb.txt));
  is_deeply $t->check, $t;
  ok $t->start >= $s->start+1;
  ok !$s->check(1);
  unlink q(bbb.txt);
 }

Documentation

Extract, format and update documentation for a perl module.

parseDitaRef($)

Parse a dita reference into its components

   Parameter  Description
1  $ref       Reference to parse

Example:

if (1) {
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗗𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗥𝗲𝗳(q(a#b/c))], [qw(a b c)];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗗𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗥𝗲𝗳(q(#b/c))],  [q(), qw(b c)];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗗𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗥𝗲𝗳(q(#b))],    [q(), q(b), q()];
  is_deeply [𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗗𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗥𝗲𝗳(q(#/c))],   [q(), q(), q(c)];
 }

reportSettings($$)

Report the current values of parameterless subs in a $sourceFile that match \Asub\s+(\w+)\s*\{ and optionally write the report to $reportFile. Return the text of the report.

   Parameter    Description
1  $sourceFile  Source file
2  $reportFile  Optional report file

Example:

𝗿𝗲𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗦𝗲𝘁𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀($0);

reportAttributes($)

Report the attributes present in a $sourceFile

   Parameter    Description
1  $sourceFile  Source file

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f = writeFile(undef, <<END);

sub attribute {1}                                                               # An attribute
sub replaceable($)                                                              #r A replaceable method
 {
 }

reportReplacableMethods($)

Report the replaceable methods marked with #r in a $sourceFile

   Parameter    Description
1  $sourceFile  Source file

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f = writeFile(undef, <<END);

sub attribute {1}                                                               # An attribute
sub replaceable($)                                                              #r A replaceable method
 {
 }

sub 𝗿𝗲𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗥𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗮𝗰𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲𝗠𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱𝘀($)
 {my ($sourceFile) = @_;                                                        # Source file
  my $s = readFile($sourceFile);
  my %s;
  for my $l(split /
/, $s)                                                     # Find the attribute subs
   {if ($l =~ m(\Asub\s*(\w+).*?#\w*r\w*\s+(.*)\Z))
     {$s{$1} = $2;
     }
   }
  \%s
 }

reportExportableMethods($)

Report the exportable methods marked with #e in a $sourceFile

   Parameter    Description
1  $sourceFile  Source file

Example:

if (1) {
  my $f = writeFile(undef, <<END);

sub attribute {1}                                                               # An attribute
sub replaceable($)                                                              #r A replaceable method
 {
 }

htmlToc($@)

Generate a table of contents for some html.

   Parameter  Description
1  $replace   Sub-string within the html to be replaced with the toc
2  $html      String of html

Example:

ok nws(𝗵𝘁𝗺𝗹𝗧𝗼𝗰("XXXX", <<END)), '𝗵𝘁𝗺𝗹𝗧𝗼𝗰'
<h1 id="1" otherprops="1">Chapter 1</h1>
  <h2 id="11" otherprops="11">Section 1</h1>
<h1 id="2" otherprops="2">Chapter 2</h1>
XXXX
END

  eq nws(<<END);
<h1 id="1" otherprops="1">Chapter 1</h1>
  <h2 id="11" otherprops="11">Section 1</h1>
<h1 id="2" otherprops="2">Chapter 2</h1>
<table cellspacing=10 border=0>
<tr><td>&nbsp;
<tr><td align=right>1<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#1">Chapter 1</a>
<tr><td align=right>2<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#11">Section 1</a>
<tr><td>&nbsp;
<tr><td align=right>3<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#2">Chapter 2</a>
</table>
END

updateDocumentation($)

Update documentation for a Perl module from the comments in its source code. Comments between the lines marked with:

#Dn title # description

and:

#D

where n is either 1, 2 or 3 indicating the heading level of the section and the # is in column 1.

Methods are formatted as:

sub name(signature)      #FLAGS comment describing method
 {my ($parameters) = @_; # comments for each parameter separated by commas.

FLAGS can be chosen from:

I: method of interest to new users
P: private method
r: optionally replaceable method
R: required replaceable method
S: static method
X: die rather than received a returned undef result

Other flags will be handed to the method extractDocumentationFlags(flags to process, method name) found in the file being documented, this method should return [the additional documentation for the method, the code to implement the flag].

Text following 'Example:' in the comment (if present) will be placed after the parameters list as an example. Lines containing comments consisting of '#T'.methodName will also be aggregated and displayed as examples for that method.

Lines formatted as:

BEGIN{*source=*target}

starting in column 1 will define a synonym for a method.

Lines formatted as:

#C emailAddress text

will be aggregated in the acknowledgments section at the end of the documentation.

The character sequence \n in the comment will be expanded to one new line, \m to two new lines and L<$_>,L<confess>,L<die>,L<eval>,L<lvalueMethod> to links to the perl documentation.

Search for '#D1': in https://metacpan.org/source/PRBRENAN/Data-Table-Text-20180810/lib/Data/Table/Text.pm to see more examples of such documentation in action - although it is quite difficult to see as it looks just like normal comments placed in the code.

Parameters:

   Parameter    Description
1  $perlModule  Optional file name with caller's file being the default

Example:

 {my $s = 𝘂𝗽𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗗𝗼𝗰𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻(<<'END' =~ s(#) (#)gsr =~ s(~) ()gsr);
package Sample::Module;

#D1 Samples                                                                      # Sample methods.

sub sample($@)                                                                  #R Documentation for the:  sample() method.  See also L<Data::Table::Text::sample2|/Data::Table::Text::sample2>. #Tsample
 {my ($node, @context) = @_;                                                    # Node, optional context
  1
 }

~BEGIN{*smpl=*sample}

sub Data::Table::Text::sample2(\&@)                                             #PS Documentation for the sample2() method.
 {my ($sub, @context) = @_;                                                     # Sub to call, context.
  1
 }

ok sample(undef, qw(a b c)) == 1;                                               #Tsample

if (1)                                                                          #Tsample
 {ok sample(q(a), qw(a b c))  == 2;
  ok sample(undef, qw(a b c)) == 1;
 }

ok sample(<<END2)) == 1;                                                        #Tsample
sample data
END2

  ok $s =~ m'=head2 sample28\$\@29';

Data::Exchange::Service Definition

Service details.

Output fields

file - The file in which the service start details is being recorded.

service - The name of the service.

start - The time this service was started time plus a minor hack to simplify testing.

Data::Table::Text::Starter Definition

Process starter definition.

Input fields

processingLogFile - Optional: name of a file to which process start and end information should be appended

processingTitle - Optional: title describing the processing being performed.

totalToBeStarted - Optionally: the total number of processes to be started - if this is supplied then an estimate of the finish time for this processing is printed to the log file every time a process starts or finishes.

Output fields

autoRemoveTransferArea - If true then automatically clear the transfer area at the end of processing.

maximumNumberOfProcesses - The maximum number of processes to start in parallel at one time. If this limit is exceeded, the start of subsequent processes will be delayed until processes started earlier have finished.

pids - A hash of pids representing processes started but not yet completed.

processFinishTime - {pid} == time the process finished.

processStartTime - {pid} == time the process was started.

processingLogFileHandle - Handle for log file if a log file was supplied

resultsArray - Consolidated array of results.

startTime - Start time

transferArea - The name of the folder in which files transferring results from the child to the parent process will be stored.

TestHash Definition

Definition of a blessed hash.

Output fields

a - Definition of attribute aa.

b - Definition of attribute bb.

Udsr Definition

Package name

Output fields

client - Client socket and connection socket

headerLength - Length of fixed header which carries the length of the following message

serverAction - Server action sub, which receives a communicator every time a client creates a new connection.

serverPid - Server pid which can be used to kill the server via kill q(kill), $pid

socketPath - Socket file

Private Methods

denormalizeFolderName($)

Remove any trailing folder separator from a folder name component.

   Parameter  Description
1  $name      Name

renormalizeFolderName($)

Normalize a folder name component by adding a trailing separator.

   Parameter  Description
1  $name      Name

trackFiles($@)

Track the existence of files.

   Parameter  Description
1  $label     Label
2  @files     Files

printFullFileName()

Print a file name on a separate line with escaping so it can be used easily from the command line.

absFromAbsPlusRel2($$)

Create an absolute file from an absolute file and a relative file.

   Parameter  Description
1  $a         Absolute file name
2  $f         Relative file name

findAllFilesAndFolders($)

Find all the files and folders under a folder.

   Parameter  Description
1  $dir       Folder to start the search with

readUtf16File($)

Read a file containing unicode in utf-16 format.

   Parameter  Description
1  $file      Name of file to read

binModeAllUtf8()

Set STDOUT and STDERR to accept utf8 without complaint.

Example:

𝗯𝗶𝗻𝗠𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗔𝗹𝗹𝗨𝘁𝗳𝟴;

convertImageToJpx690($$$$)

Convert an image to jpx format using versions of Imagemagick version 6.9.0 and above with optional image reduction.

   Parameter  Description
1  $Source    Source file
2  $target    Target folder (as multiple files will be created)
3  $Size      Optional size of each tile - defaults to 256
4  $Tiles     Optional limit on the number of tiles in either dimension

setCombination(@)

Count the elements in sets represented as arrays of strings and/or the keys of hashes

   Parameter  Description
1  @s         Array of arrays of strings and/or hashes

formatTableMultiLine($$)

Tabularize text that has new lines in it.

   Parameter   Description
1  $data       Reference to an array of arrays of data to be formatted as a table
2  $separator  Optional line separator to use instead of new line for each row.

formatTableAA($$)

Tabularize an array of arrays.

   Parameter  Description
1  $data      Data to be formatted
2  $title     Optional reference to an array of titles

formatTableHA($$)

Tabularize a hash of arrays.

   Parameter  Description
1  $data      Data to be formatted
2  $title     Optional titles

formatTableAH($)

Tabularize an array of hashes.

   Parameter  Description
1  $data      Data to be formatted

formatTableHH($)

Tabularize a hash of hashes.

   Parameter  Description
1  $data      Data to be formatted

formatTableA($$)

Tabularize an array.

   Parameter  Description
1  $data      Data to be formatted
2  $title     Optional title

formatTableH($$)

Tabularize a hash.

   Parameter  Description
1  $data      Data to be formatted
2  $title     Optional title

reloadHashes2($$)

Ensures that all the hashes within a tower of data structures have LValue methods to get and set their current keys.

   Parameter  Description
1  $d         Data structure
2  $progress  Progress

showHashes2($$$)

Create a map of all the keys within all the hashes within a tower of data structures.

   Parameter  Description
1  $d         Data structure
2  $keys      Keys found
3  $progress  Progress

showHashes($)

Create a map of all the keys within all the hashes within a tower of data structures.

   Parameter  Description
1  $d         Data structure

newUdsr(@)

Create a communicator - a means to communicate between processes on the same machine via Udsr::read and Udsr::write.

   Parameter  Description
1  @parms     Attributes per L<Udsr Definition|/Udsr Definition>

awsIp()

Get ip address of server at aws

saveSourceToS3($$)

Save source code.

   Parameter               Description
1  $aws                    Aws target file and keywords
2  $saveIntervalInSeconds  Save internal

Data::Table::Text::Starter::logEntry($$)

Create a log entry showing progress and eta.

   Parameter  Description
1  $starter   Starter
2  $finish    0 - start; 1 - finish

Data::Table::Text::Starter::averageProcessTime($)

Average elapsed time spent by each process

   Parameter  Description
1  $starter   Starter

Data::Table::Text::Starter::say($@)

Write to the log file if it is available.

   Parameter  Description
1  $starter   Starter
2  @message   Text to write to log file.

Data::Table::Text::Starter::waitOne($)

Wait for at least one process to finish and consolidate its results.

   Parameter  Description
1  $starter   Starter

countSquareArray(@)

Count the number of elements in a square array

   Parameter  Description
1  @square    Array of arrays

extractTest($)

Remove example markers from test code.

   Parameter  Description
1  $string    String containing test line

docUserFlags($$$$)

Generate documentation for a method by calling the extractDocumentationFlags method in the package being documented, passing it the flags for a method and the name of the method. The called method should return the documentation to be inserted for the named method.

   Parameter    Description
1  $flags       Flags
2  $perlModule  File containing documentation
3  $package     Package containing documentation
4  $name        Name of method to be processed

updatePerlModuleDocumentation($)

Update the documentation in a perl file and show said documentation in a web browser.

   Parameter    Description
1  $perlModule  File containing the code of the perl module

Synonyms

fpd is a synonym for filePathDir - Create a directory name from an array of file name components.

fpe is a synonym for filePathExt - Create a file name from an array of file name components the last of which is an extension.

fpf is a synonym for filePath - Create a file name from an array of file name components.

owf is a synonym for overWriteFile - Write a unicode utf8 string to a file after creating a path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess.

temporaryDirectory is a synonym for temporaryFolder - Create a temporary folder that will automatically be rmdired during END processing.

Index

1 absFromAbsPlusRel - Create an absolute file from an absolute file and a relative file.

2 absFromAbsPlusRel2 - Create an absolute file from an absolute file and a relative file.

3 addCertificate - Add a certificate to the current ssh session.

4 addLValueScalarMethods - Generate lvalue scalar methods in the current package if they do not already exist.

5 appendFile - Append a unicode utf8 string to a file, possibly creating the file and the path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess.

6 arrayProduct - Find the product of any strings that look like numbers in an array

7 arraySum - Find the sum of any strings that look like numbers in an array

8 arrayTimes - Multiply the second and subsequent parameters by the first parameter and return as an array

9 arrayToHash - Create a hash from an array

10 asciiToHexString - Encode an ascii string as a string of hexadecimal digits.

11 assertPackageRefs - Confirm that the specified references are to the specified package

12 assertRef - Confirm that the specified references are to the package into which this routine has been exported.

13 awsIp - Get ip address of server at aws

14 awsTranslateText - Translate $text from English to a specified $language using AWS Translate with the specified global $options and return the translated string.

15 binModeAllUtf8 - Set STDOUT and STDERR to accept utf8 without complaint.

16 boldString - Convert alphanumerics in a string to bold.

17 boldStringUndo - Undo alphanumerics in a string to bold.

18 call - Call the specified sub in a separate process, wait for it to complete, copy back the named our variables, free the memory used.

19 checkFile - Return the name of the specified file if it exists, else confess the maximum extent of the path that does exist.

20 checkKeys - Check the keys in a hash.

21 clearFolder - Remove all the files and folders under and including the specified folder as long as the number of files to be removed is less than the specified limit.

22 containingPowerOfTwo - Find log two of the lowest power of two greater than or equal to a number.

23 contains - Returns the indices at which an item matches elements of the specified array.

24 convertDocxToFodt - Convert a docx file to fodt using unoconv which must not be running elsewhere at the time.

25 convertImageToJpx - Convert an image to jpx format using Imagemagick applying an optional scaling if required.

26 convertImageToJpx690 - Convert an image to jpx format using versions of Imagemagick version 6.

27 convertUnicodeToXml - Convert a string with unicode points that are not directly representable in ascii into string that replaces these points with their representation on Xml making the string usable in Xml documents.

28 copyBinaryFile - Copy a binary file and return the target name,

29 copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized - Normalize the name of the specified $source file to the md5 sum of its content, retaining its current extension, while placing the original file name in a companion file if the companion file does not already exist.

30 copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedCreate - Create a file in the specified $folder whose name is constructed from the md5 sum of the specified $content, whose content is $content, whose extension is $extension and which has a companion file with the same name minus the extension which contains the specified $companionContent.

31 copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedGetCompanionContent - Return the original name of the specified $source file after it has been normalized via copyBinaryFileMd5Normalized or copyBinaryFileMd5NormalizedCreate or return undef if the corresponding companion file does not exist.

32 copyFile - Copy a file encoded in utf8 and return the target name

33 copyFileMd5Normalized - Normalize the name of the specified $source file to the md5 sum of its content, retaining its current extension, while placing the original file name in a companion file if the companion file does not already exist.

34 copyFileMd5NormalizedCreate - Create a file in the specified $folder whose name is constructed from the md5 sum of the specified $content, whose content is $content, whose extension is $extension and which has a companion file with the same name minus the extension which contains the specified $companionContent.

35 copyFileMd5NormalizedDelete - Delete a normalized and its companion file

36 copyFileMd5NormalizedGetCompanionContent - Return the content of the companion file to the specified $source file after it has been normalized via copyFileMd5Normalized or copyFileMd5NormalizedCreate or return undef if the corresponding companion file does not exist.

37 copyFileMd5NormalizedName - Name a file using the GB Standard

38 copyFolder - Copy a folder

39 countFileExtensions - Return a hash which counts the file extensions under the specified directories

40 countFileTypes - Return a hash which counts, in parallel, the results of applying the file command to each file under the specified directories.

41 countOccurencesInString - Returns the number of times the first string occurs in the second string

42 countSquareArray - Count the number of elements in a square array

43 createEmptyFile - Create an empty file - writeFile complains if no data is written to the file - and return the name of the file on success else confess.

44 currentDirectory - Get the current working directory.

45 currentDirectoryAbove - The path to the folder above the current working folder.

46 cutOutImagesInFodtFile - Cut out the images embedded in a fodt file, perhaps produced via convertDocxToFodt, placing them in the specified folder and replacing them in the source file with:

<image href="$imageFile" outputclass="imageType">.

47 Data::Exchange::Service::check - Check that we are the current incarnation of the named service with details obtained from newServiceIncarnation.

48 Data::Table::Text::Starter::averageProcessTime - Average elapsed time spent by each process

49 Data::Table::Text::Starter::finish - Wait for all started processes to finish and return their results as an array.

50 Data::Table::Text::Starter::logEntry - Create a log entry showing progress and eta.

51 Data::Table::Text::Starter::say - Write to the log file if it is available.

52 Data::Table::Text::Starter::start - Start a new process to run the specified $sub.

53 Data::Table::Text::Starter::waitOne - Wait for at least one process to finish and consolidate its results.

54 dateStamp - Year-monthName-day

55 dateTimeStamp - Year-monthNumber-day at hours:minute:seconds

56 dateTimeStampName - Date time stamp without white space.

57 decodeBase64 - Decode a string in base 64.

58 decodeJson - Decode Perl from Json.

59 denormalizeFolderName - Remove any trailing folder separator from a folder name component.

60 deSquareArray - Create a one dimensional array from a two dimensional array of arrays

61 docUserFlags - Generate documentation for a method by calling the extractDocumentationFlags method in the package being documented, passing it the flags for a method and the name of the method.

62 dumpFile - Dump a data structure to a file

63 dumpGZipFile - Write a data structure through gzip to a file.

64 enclosedReversedString - Convert alphanumerics in a string to enclosed reversed alphanumerics.

65 enclosedReversedStringUndo - Undo alphanumerics in a string to enclosed reversed alphanumerics.

66 enclosedString - Convert alphanumerics in a string to enclosed alphanumerics.

67 enclosedStringUndo - Undo alphanumerics in a string to enclosed alphanumerics.

68 encodeBase64 - Encode a string in base 64.

69 encodeJson - Encode Perl to Json.

70 evalFile - Read a file containing unicode in utf8, evaluate it, confess to any errors and then return any result - an improvement on do which silently ignores any problems.

71 evalGZipFile - Read a file containing compressed utf8, evaluate it, confess to any errors or return any result.

72 extractTest - Remove example markers from test code.

73 fe - Get extension of file name.

74 fff - Confess a message with a line position and a file that Geany will jump to if clicked on.

75 fileInWindowsFormat - Convert a unix file name to windows format

76 fileList - Files that match a given search pattern handed to bsd_glob.

77 fileMd5Sum - Get the Md5 sum for a file or string

78 fileModTime - Get the modified time of a file in seconds since the epoch.

79 fileOutOfDate - Calls the specified sub once for each source file that is missing, then calls the sub for the target if there were any missing files or if the target is older than any of the non missing source files or if the target does not exist.

80 filePath - Create a file name from an array of file name components.

81 filePathDir - Create a directory name from an array of file name components.

82 filePathExt - Create a file name from an array of file name components the last of which is an extension.

83 fileSize - Get the size of a file.

84 findAllFilesAndFolders - Find all the files and folders under a folder.

85 findDirs - Find all the folders under a folder and optionally filter the selected folders with a regular expression.

86 findFiles - Find all the files under a folder and optionally filter the selected files with a regular expression.

87 findFileWithExtension - Find the first extension from the specified extensions that produces a file that exists when appended to the specified file.

88 firstFileThatExists - Returns the name of the first file that exists or undef if none of the named files exist.

89 firstNChars - First N characters of a string.

90 fn - Remove path and extension from file name.

91 fne - Remove path from file name.

92 formatTable - Format various data structures as a table with titles as specified by $columnTitles: either a reference to an array of column titles or a string each line of which contains the column title as the first word with the rest of the line describing that column.

93 formatTableA - Tabularize an array.

94 formatTableAA - Tabularize an array of arrays.

95 formatTableAH - Tabularize an array of hashes.

96 formatTableBasic - Tabularize an array of arrays of text.

97 formatTableH - Tabularize a hash.

98 formatTableHA - Tabularize a hash of arrays.

99 formatTableHH - Tabularize a hash of hashes.

100 formatTableMultiLine - Tabularize text that has new lines in it.

101 formattedTablesReport - Report of all the reports created.

102 fp - Get path from file name.

103 fpn - Remove extension from file name.

104 fullFileName - Full name of a file.

105 genHash - Return a $blessed hash with the specified $attributes accessible via lvalue method calls.

106 genLValueArrayMethods - Generate lvalue array methods in the current package.

107 genLValueHashMethods - Generate lvalue hash methods in the current package.

108 genLValueScalarMethods - Generate lvalue scalar methods in the current package, A method whose value has not yet been set will return a new scalar with value undef.

109 genLValueScalarMethodsWithDefaultValues - Generate lvalue scalar methods with default values in the current package.

110 guidFromMd5 - Create a guid from an md5 hash.

111 guidFromString - Create a guid from a file or string via an md5 hash.

112 hexToAsciiString - Decode a string of hexadecimal digits as an ascii string.

113 hostName - The name of the host we are running on.

114 htmlToc - Generate a table of contents for some html.

115 imageSize - Return (width, height) of an image obtained via Imagemagick.

116 indentString - Indent lines contained in a string or formatted table by the specified string.

117 indexOfMax - Find the index of the maximum number in a list confessing to any ill defined values.

118 indexOfMin - Find the index of the minimum number in a list confessing to any ill defined values.

119 ipAddressViaArp - Get the ip address of a server on the local network by hostname via arp

120 isBlank - Test whether a string is blank.

121 isFileUtf8 - Return the file name quoted if its contents are in utf8 else return undef

122 isSubInPackage - Test whether a subroutine is present in a package.

123 javaPackage - Extract the package name from a java string or file.

124 javaPackageAsFileName - Extract the package name from a java string or file and convert it to a file name.

125 javaScriptExports - Extract the Javascript functions marked for export in a file or string.

126 keyCount - Count keys down to the specified level.

127 lll - Log messages including the project name if available.

128 loadArrayArrayFromLines - Load an array of arrays from lines of text: each line is an array of words.

129 loadArrayFromLines - Load an array from lines of text in a string.

130 loadArrayHashFromLines - Load an array of hashes from lines of text: each line is a hash of words.

131 loadHash - Load the specified $hash generated with genHash with %attributes.

132 loadHashArrayFromLines - Load a hash of arrays from lines of text: the first word of each line is the key, the remaining words are the array contents.

133 loadHashFromLines - Load a hash: first word of each line is the key and the rest is the value.

134 loadHashHashFromLines - Load a hash of hashes from lines of text: the first word of each line is the key, the remaining words are the sub hash contents.

135 makeDieConfess - Force die to confess where the death occurred.

136 makePath - Make the path for the specified file name or folder.

137 matchPath - Given an absolute path find out how much of the path actually exists.

138 max - Find the maximum number in a list confessing to any ill defined values.

139 maximumLineLength - Find the longest line in a string

140 md5FromGuid - Recover an md5 sum from a guid.

141 mergeHashesBySummingValues - Merge the specified hashes by summing their values

142 microSecondsSinceEpoch - Micro seconds since unix epoch.

143 min - Find the minimum number in a list confessing to any ill defined values.

144 nameFromFolder - Create a name from the last folder in the path of a file name.

145 nameFromString - Create a readable name from an arbitrary string of text.

146 nameFromStringRestrictedToTitle - Create a readable name from a string of text that might contain a title tag - fall back to nameFromString if that is not possible.

147 newProcessStarter - Create a new process starter with which to start parallel processes up to a specified $maximumNumberOfProcesses maximum number of parallel processes at a time, wait for all the started processes to finish and then optionally retrieve their saved results as an array from the folder named by $transferArea.

148 newServiceIncarnation - Create a new service incarnation to record the start up of a new instance of a service and return the description as a Data::Exchange::Service Definition hash.

149 newUdsr - Create a communicator - a means to communicate between processes on the same machine via Udsr::read and Udsr::write.

150 newUdsrClient - Create a new communications client - a means to communicate between processes on the same machine via Udsr::read and Udsr::write.

151 newUdsrServer - Create a communications server - a means to communicate between processes on the same machine via Udsr::read and Udsr::write.

152 numberOfLinesInFile - The number of lines in a file

153 numberOfLinesInString - The number of lines in a string.

154 nws - Normalize white space in a string to make comparisons easier.

155 overrideMethods - For each method, if it exists in package $from then export it to package $to replacing any existing method in $to, otherwise export the method from package $to to package $from in order to merge the behavior of the $from and $to packages with respect to the named methods with duplicates resolved if favour of package $from.

156 overWriteBinaryFile - Write a binary string to a file after creating a path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess.

157 overWriteFile - Write a unicode utf8 string to a file after creating a path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess.

158 pad - Pad a string with blanks or the specified padding character to a multiple of a specified length.

159 parseCommandLineArguments - Classify the specified array of words referred to by $args into positional and keyword parameters, call the specified sub with a reference to an array of positional parameters followed by a reference to a hash of keywords and their values then return the value returned by this sub.

160 parseDitaRef - Parse a dita reference into its components

161 parseFileName - Parse a file name into (path, name, extension).

162 perlPackage - Extract the package name from a perl string or file.

163 powerOfTwo - Test whether a number is a power of two, return the power if it is else undef.

164 printFullFileName - Print a file name on a separate line with escaping so it can be used easily from the command line.

165 printQw - Print an array of words in qw() format.

166 quoteFile - Quote a file name.

167 readBinaryFile - Read binary file - a file whose contents are not to be interpreted as unicode.

168 readFile - Read a file containing unicode in utf8.

169 readFiles - Read all the files in a folder into a hash

170 readGZipFile - Read the specified $file, containing compressed utf8, through gzip

171 readUtf16File - Read a file containing unicode in utf-16 format.

172 relFromAbsAgainstAbs - Derive a relative file name for the first absolute file name relative to the second absolute file name.

173 reloadHashes - Ensures that all the hashes within a tower of data structures have LValue methods to get and set their current keys.

174 reloadHashes2 - Ensures that all the hashes within a tower of data structures have LValue methods to get and set their current keys.

175 removeDuplicatePrefixes - Remove duplicated leading path components from a file name.

176 removeFilePrefix - Removes a file prefix from an array of files.

177 renormalizeFolderName - Normalize a folder name component by adding a trailing separator.

178 reportAttributes - Report the attributes present in a $sourceFile

179 reportExportableMethods - Report the exportable methods marked with #e in a $sourceFile

180 reportReplacableMethods - Report the replaceable methods marked with #r in a $sourceFile

181 reportSettings - Report the current values of parameterless subs in a $sourceFile that match \Asub\s+(\w+)\s*\{ and optionally write the report to $reportFile.

182 retrieveFile - Retrieve a file created via Storable.

183 saveCodeToS3 - Save source code files.

184 saveSourceToS3 - Save source code.

185 searchDirectoryTreesForMatchingFiles - Search the specified directory trees for the files (not folders) that match the specified extensions.

186 setCombination - Count the elements in sets represented as arrays of strings and/or the keys of hashes

187 setFileExtension - Set the extension of a file to a specified value.

188 setIntersection - Intersection of sets represented as arrays of strings and/or the keys of hashes

189 setIntersectionOverUnion - Returns the size of the intersection over the size of the union of one or more sets represented as arrays and/or hashes

190 setPackageSearchOrder - Set a package search order for methods requested in the current package via AUTOLOAD.

191 setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnion - Partition a set of sets so that within each partition the setIntersectionOverUnion of any two sets in the partition is never less than the specified $confidence**2

192 setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfHashStringSets - Partition a set of sets represented by a hash, each hash value being a string containing words and punctuation, each word possibly capitalized, so that within each partition the setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfSetsOfWords of any two sets of words in the partition is never less than the specified $confidence**2 and the partition entries are the hash keys of the string sets.

193 setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfSetsOfWords - Partition a set of sets of words so that within each partition the setIntersectionOverUnion of any two sets of words in the partition is never less than the specified $confidence**2

194 setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfStringSets - Partition a set of sets, each set represented by a string containing words and punctuation, each word possibly capitalized, so that within each partition the setPartitionOnIntersectionOverUnionOfSetsOfWords of any two sets of words in the partition is never less than the specified $confidence**2

195 setUnion - Union of sets represented as arrays of strings and/or the keys of hashes

196 showHashes - Create a map of all the keys within all the hashes within a tower of data structures.

197 showHashes2 - Create a map of all the keys within all the hashes within a tower of data structures.

198 squareArray - Create a two dimensional square array from a one dimensional linear array.

199 startProcess - Start new processes while the number of child processes recorded in %$pids is less than the specified $maximum.

200 storeFile - Store a data structure to a file via Storable.

201 stringsAreNotEqual - Return the common start followed by the two non equal tails of two non equal strings or an empty list if the strings are equal.

202 subScriptString - Convert alphanumerics in a string to sub scripts

203 subScriptStringUndo - Undo alphanumerics in a string to sub scripts

204 sumAbsAndRel - Combine zero or more absolute and relative file names

205 summarizeColumn - Count the number of unique instances of each value a column in a table assumes.

206 superScriptString - Convert alphanumerics in a string to super scripts

207 superScriptStringUndo - Undo alphanumerics in a string to super scripts

208 swapFilePrefix - Swaps the start of a file name from a $known name to a $new one if the file does in fact start with the $known name otherwise returns the original file name.

209 swapFolderPrefix - Swaps a starting folder of a file name from a known name to a new one if the file does in fact start with the known name and the known name and new name are folders else return the file as is.

210 temporaryFile - Create a temporary file that will automatically be unlinked during END processing.

211 temporaryFolder - Create a temporary folder that will automatically be rmdired during END processing.

212 timeStamp - hours:minute:seconds

213 trackFiles - Track the existence of files.

214 trim - Remove any white space from the front and end of a string.

215 Udsr::kill - Kill a communications server.

216 Udsr::read - Read a message from the newUdsrServer or the newUdsrClient.

217 Udsr::write - Write a communications message to the newUdsrServer or the newUdsrClient.

218 uniqueNameFromFile - Create a unique name from a file name and the md5 sum of its content

219 updateDocumentation - Update documentation for a Perl module from the comments in its source code.

220 updatePerlModuleDocumentation - Update the documentation in a perl file and show said documentation in a web browser.

221 userId - The userid we are currently running under.

222 versionCode - YYYYmmdd-HHMMSS

223 versionCodeDashed - YYYY-mm-dd-HH:MM:SS

224 waitForAllStartedProcessesToFinish - Wait until all the processes started by startProcess have finished.

225 writeBinaryFile - Write a binary string to a new file that does not already exist after creating a path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess if a problem occurred or the file does already exist.

226 writeFile - Write a unicode utf8 string to a new file that does not already exist after creating a path to the file if necessary and return the name of the file on success else confess if a problem occurred or the file already exists.

227 writeFiles - Write the values of a hash into files identified by the key of each value using overWriteFile

228 writeGZipFile - Write a unicode utf8 string through gzip to a file.

229 wwwDecode - Percent decode a url per: https://en.

230 wwwEncode - Percent encode a url per: https://en.

231 xxx - Execute a shell command optionally checking its response.

232 yyy - Execute a block of shell commands line by line after removing comments - stop if there is a non zero return code from any command.

233 zzz - Execute lines of commands after replacing new lines with && then check that the pipeline execution results in a return code of zero and that the execution results match the optional regular expression if one has been supplied; confess() to an error if either check fails.

234 ˢ - Immediately executed inline sub to allow a code block before if.

Installation

This module is written in 100% Pure Perl and, thus, it is easy to read, comprehend, use, modify and install via cpan:

sudo cpan install Data::Table::Text

Author

philiprbrenan@gmail.com

http://www.appaapps.com

Copyright

This module is free software. It may be used, redistributed and/or modified under the same terms as Perl itself.

Acknowledgements

Thanks to the following people for their help with this module:

mim@cpan.org: Testing on windows

To install Data::Table::Text, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.

cpanm

cpanm Data::Table::Text

CPAN shell

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Data::Table::Text

For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.

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