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Security Advisories (6)
CPANSA-Mojolicious-2022-03 (2022-12-10)

Mojo::DOM did not correctly parse <script> tags.

CPANSA-Mojolicious-2021-02 (2021-06-01)

Small sessions could be used as part of a brute-force attack to decode the session secret.

CVE-2021-47208 (2021-03-16)

A bug in format detection can potentially be exploited for a DoS attack.

CVE-2020-36829 (2020-11-10)

Mojo::Util secure_compare can leak the string length. By immediately returning when the two strings are not the same length, the function allows an attacker to guess the length of the secret string using timing attacks.

CVE-2024-58134 (2025-05-03)

Mojolicious versions from 0.999922 for Perl uses a hard coded string, or the application's class name, as a HMAC session secret by default. These predictable default secrets can be exploited to forge session cookies. An attacker who knows or guesses the secret could compute valid HMAC signatures for the session cookie, allowing them to tamper with or hijack another user's session.

CVE-2024-58135 (2025-05-03)

Mojolicious versions from 7.28 for Perl may generate weak HMAC session secrets. When creating a default app with the "mojo generate app" tool, a weak secret is written to the application's configuration file using the insecure rand() function, and used for authenticating and protecting the integrity of the application's sessions. This may allow an attacker to brute force the application's session keys.

NAME

Mojo::DOM::CSS - CSS selector engine

SYNOPSIS

use Mojo::DOM::CSS;

# Select elements from DOM tree
my $css = Mojo::DOM::CSS->new(tree => $tree);
my $elements = $css->select('h1, h2, h3');

DESCRIPTION

Mojo::DOM::CSS is the CSS selector engine used by Mojo::DOM, based on the HTML Living Standard and Selectors Level 3.

SELECTORS

All CSS selectors that make sense for a standalone parser are supported.

*

Any element.

my $all = $css->select('*');

E

An element of type E.

my $title = $css->select('title');

E[foo]

An E element with a foo attribute.

my $links = $css->select('a[href]');

E[foo="bar"]

An E element whose foo attribute value is exactly equal to bar.

my $case_sensitive = $css->select('input[type="hidden"]');
my $case_sensitive = $css->select('input[type=hidden]');

E[foo="bar" i]

An E element whose foo attribute value is exactly equal to any (ASCII-range) case-permutation of bar. Note that this selector is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning!

my $case_insensitive = $css->select('input[type="hidden" i]');
my $case_insensitive = $css->select('input[type=hidden i]');
my $case_insensitive = $css->select('input[class~="foo" i]');

This selector is part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress.

E[foo~="bar"]

An E element whose foo attribute value is a list of whitespace-separated values, one of which is exactly equal to bar.

my $foo = $css->select('input[class~="foo"]');
my $foo = $css->select('input[class~=foo]');

E[foo^="bar"]

An E element whose foo attribute value begins exactly with the string bar.

my $begins_with = $css->select('input[name^="f"]');
my $begins_with = $css->select('input[name^=f]');

E[foo$="bar"]

An E element whose foo attribute value ends exactly with the string bar.

my $ends_with = $css->select('input[name$="o"]');
my $ends_with = $css->select('input[name$=o]');

E[foo*="bar"]

An E element whose foo attribute value contains the substring bar.

my $contains = $css->select('input[name*="fo"]');
my $contains = $css->select('input[name*=fo]');

E[foo|="en"]

An E element whose foo attribute has a hyphen-separated list of values beginning (from the left) with en.

my $english = $css->select('link[hreflang|=en]');

E:root

An E element, root of the document.

my $root = $css->select(':root');

E:nth-child(n)

An E element, the n-th child of its parent.

my $third = $css->select('div:nth-child(3)');
my $odd   = $css->select('div:nth-child(odd)');
my $even  = $css->select('div:nth-child(even)');
my $top3  = $css->select('div:nth-child(-n+3)');

E:nth-last-child(n)

An E element, the n-th child of its parent, counting from the last one.

my $third    = $css->select('div:nth-last-child(3)');
my $odd      = $css->select('div:nth-last-child(odd)');
my $even     = $css->select('div:nth-last-child(even)');
my $bottom3  = $css->select('div:nth-last-child(-n+3)');

E:nth-of-type(n)

An E element, the n-th sibling of its type.

my $third = $css->select('div:nth-of-type(3)');
my $odd   = $css->select('div:nth-of-type(odd)');
my $even  = $css->select('div:nth-of-type(even)');
my $top3  = $css->select('div:nth-of-type(-n+3)');

E:nth-last-of-type(n)

An E element, the n-th sibling of its type, counting from the last one.

my $third    = $css->select('div:nth-last-of-type(3)');
my $odd      = $css->select('div:nth-last-of-type(odd)');
my $even     = $css->select('div:nth-last-of-type(even)');
my $bottom3  = $css->select('div:nth-last-of-type(-n+3)');

E:first-child

An E element, first child of its parent.

my $first = $css->select('div p:first-child');

E:last-child

An E element, last child of its parent.

my $last = $css->select('div p:last-child');

E:first-of-type

An E element, first sibling of its type.

my $first = $css->select('div p:first-of-type');

E:last-of-type

An E element, last sibling of its type.

my $last = $css->select('div p:last-of-type');

E:only-child

An E element, only child of its parent.

my $lonely = $css->select('div p:only-child');

E:only-of-type

An E element, only sibling of its type.

my $lonely = $css->select('div p:only-of-type');

E:empty

An E element that has no children (including text nodes).

my $empty = $css->select(':empty');

An E element being the source anchor of a hyperlink of which the target is not yet visited (:link) or already visited (:visited). Note that Mojo::DOM::CSS is not stateful, therefore :link and :visited yield exactly the same results.

my $links = $css->select(':link');
my $links = $css->select(':visited');

E:visited

Alias for "E:link".

E:checked

A user interface element E which is checked (for instance a radio-button or checkbox).

my $input = $css->select(':checked');

E.warning

An E element whose class is "warning".

my $warning = $css->select('div.warning');

E#myid

An E element with ID equal to "myid".

my $foo = $css->select('div#foo');

E:not(s1, s2)

An E element that does not match either compound selector s1 or compound selector s2. Note that support for compound selectors is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning!

my $others = $css->select('div p:not(:first-child, :last-child)');

Support for compound selectors was added as part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress.

E:matches(s1, s2)

An E element that matches compound selector s1 and/or compound selector s2. Note that this selector is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning!

my $headers = $css->select(':matches(section, article, aside, nav) h1');

This selector is part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress.

A|E

An E element that belongs to the namespace alias A from CSS Namespaces Module Level 3. Key/value pairs passed to selector methods are used to declare namespace aliases.

my $elem = $css->select('lq|elem', lq => 'http://example.com/q-markup');

Using an empty alias searches for an element that belongs to no namespace.

my $div = $c->select('|div');

E F

An F element descendant of an E element.

my $headlines = $css->select('div h1');

E > F

An F element child of an E element.

my $headlines = $css->select('html > body > div > h1');

E + F

An F element immediately preceded by an E element.

my $second = $css->select('h1 + h2');

E ~ F

An F element preceded by an E element.

my $second = $css->select('h1 ~ h2');

E, F, G

Elements of type E, F and G.

my $headlines = $css->select('h1, h2, h3');

E[foo=bar][bar=baz]

An E element whose attributes match all following attribute selectors.

my $links = $css->select('a[foo^=b][foo$=ar]');

ATTRIBUTES

Mojo::DOM::CSS implements the following attributes.

tree

my $tree = $css->tree;
$css     = $css->tree(['root']);

Document Object Model. Note that this structure should only be used very carefully since it is very dynamic.

METHODS

Mojo::DOM::CSS inherits all methods from Mojo::Base and implements the following new ones.

matches

my $bool = $css->matches('head > title');
my $bool = $css->matches('svg|line', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');

Check if first node in "tree" matches the CSS selector. Trailing key/value pairs can be used to declare xml namespace aliases.

select

my $results = $css->select('head > title');
my $results = $css->select('svg|line', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');

Run CSS selector against "tree". Trailing key/value pairs can be used to declare xml namespace aliases.

select_one

my $result = $css->select_one('head > title');
my $result =
  $css->select_one('svg|line', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');

Run CSS selector against "tree" and stop as soon as the first node matched. Trailing key/value pairs can be used to declare xml namespace aliases.

SEE ALSO

Mojolicious, Mojolicious::Guides, https://mojolicious.org.