NAME
Image::Leptonica::Func::pixarith
VERSION
version 0.04
pixarith.c
pixarith.c
One-image grayscale arithmetic operations (8, 16, 32 bpp)
l_int32 pixAddConstantGray()
l_int32 pixMultConstantGray()
Two-image grayscale arithmetic operations (8, 16, 32 bpp)
PIX *pixAddGray()
PIX *pixSubtractGray()
Grayscale threshold operation (8, 16, 32 bpp)
PIX *pixThresholdToValue()
Image accumulator arithmetic operations
PIX *pixInitAccumulate()
PIX *pixFinalAccumulate()
PIX *pixFinalAccumulateThreshold()
l_int32 pixAccumulate()
l_int32 pixMultConstAccumulate()
Absolute value of difference
PIX *pixAbsDifference()
Sum of color images
PIX *pixAddRGB()
Two-image min and max operations (8 and 16 bpp)
PIX *pixMinOrMax()
Scale pix for maximum dynamic range in 8 bpp image:
PIX *pixMaxDynamicRange()
Log base2 lookup
l_float32 *makeLogBase2Tab()
l_float32 getLogBase2()
The image accumulator operations are used when you expect
overflow from 8 bits on intermediate results. For example,
you might want a tophat contrast operator which is
3*I - opening(I,S) - closing(I,S)
To use these operations, first use the init to generate
a 16 bpp image, use the accumulate to add or subtract 8 bpp
images from that, or the multiply constant to multiply
by a small constant (much less than 256 -- we don't want
overflow from the 16 bit images!), and when you're finished
use final to bring the result back to 8 bpp, clipped
if necessary. There is also a divide function, which
can be used to divide one image by another, scaling the
result for maximum dynamic range, and giving back the
8 bpp result.
A simpler interface to the arithmetic operations is
provided in pixacc.c.FUNCTIONS
getLogBase2
l_float32 getLogBase2 ( l_int32 val, l_float32 *logtab )
getLogBase2()
Input: val
logtab (256-entry table of logs)
Return: logdist, or 0 on errormakeLogBase2Tab
l_float32 * makeLogBase2Tab ( void )
makeLogBase2Tab()
Input: void
Return: table (giving the log[base 2] of val)pixAbsDifference
PIX * pixAbsDifference ( PIX *pixs1, PIX *pixs2 )
pixAbsDifference()
Input: pixs1, pixs2 (both either 8 or 16 bpp gray, or 32 bpp RGB)
Return: pixd, or null on error
Notes:
(1) The depth of pixs1 and pixs2 must be equal.
(2) Clips computation to the min size, aligning the UL corners
(3) For 8 and 16 bpp, assumes one gray component.
(4) For 32 bpp, assumes 3 color components, and ignores the
LSB of each word (the alpha channel)
(5) Computes the absolute value of the difference between
each component value.pixAccumulate
l_int32 pixAccumulate ( PIX *pixd, PIX *pixs, l_int32 op )
pixAccumulate()
Input: pixd (32 bpp)
pixs (1, 8, 16 or 32 bpp)
op (L_ARITH_ADD or L_ARITH_SUBTRACT)
Return: 0 if OK; 1 on error
Notes:
(1) This adds or subtracts each pixs value from pixd.
(2) This clips to the minimum of pixs and pixd, so they
do not need to be the same size.
(3) The alignment is to the origin (UL corner) of pixs & pixd.pixAddConstantGray
l_int32 pixAddConstantGray ( PIX *pixs, l_int32 val )
pixAddConstantGray()
Input: pixs (8, 16 or 32 bpp)
val (amount to add to each pixel)
Return: 0 if OK, 1 on error
Notes:
(1) In-place operation.
(2) No clipping for 32 bpp.
(3) For 8 and 16 bpp, if val > 0 the result is clipped
to 0xff and 0xffff, rsp.
(4) For 8 and 16 bpp, if val < 0 the result is clipped to 0.pixAddGray
PIX * pixAddGray ( PIX *pixd, PIX *pixs1, PIX *pixs2 )
pixAddGray()
Input: pixd (<optional>; this can be null, equal to pixs1, or
different from pixs1)
pixs1 (can be == to pixd)
pixs2
Return: pixd always
Notes:
(1) Arithmetic addition of two 8, 16 or 32 bpp images.
(2) For 8 and 16 bpp, we do explicit clipping to 0xff and 0xffff,
respectively.
(3) Alignment is to UL corner.
(4) There are 3 cases. The result can go to a new dest,
in-place to pixs1, or to an existing input dest:
* pixd == null: (src1 + src2) --> new pixd
* pixd == pixs1: (src1 + src2) --> src1 (in-place)
* pixd != pixs1: (src1 + src2) --> input pixd
(5) pixs2 must be different from both pixd and pixs1.pixAddRGB
PIX * pixAddRGB ( PIX *pixs1, PIX *pixs2 )
pixAddRGB()
Input: pixs1, pixs2 (32 bpp RGB, or colormapped)
Return: pixd, or null on error
Notes:
(1) Clips computation to the minimum size, aligning the UL corners.
(2) Removes any colormap to RGB, and ignores the LSB of each
pixel word (the alpha channel).
(3) Adds each component value, pixelwise, clipping to 255.
(4) This is useful to combine two images where most of the
pixels are essentially black, such as in pixPerceptualDiff().pixFinalAccumulate
PIX * pixFinalAccumulate ( PIX *pixs, l_uint32 offset, l_int32 depth )
pixFinalAccumulate()
Input: pixs (32 bpp)
offset (same as used for initialization)
depth (8, 16 or 32 bpp, of destination)
Return: pixd (8, 16 or 32 bpp), or null on error
Notes:
(1) The offset must be >= 0 and should not exceed 0x40000000.
(2) The offset is subtracted from the src 32 bpp image
(3) For 8 bpp dest, the result is clipped to [0, 0xff]
(4) For 16 bpp dest, the result is clipped to [0, 0xffff]pixFinalAccumulateThreshold
PIX * pixFinalAccumulateThreshold ( PIX *pixs, l_uint32 offset, l_uint32 threshold )
pixFinalAccumulateThreshold()
Input: pixs (32 bpp)
offset (same as used for initialization)
threshold (values less than this are set in the destination)
Return: pixd (1 bpp), or null on error
Notes:
(1) The offset must be >= 0 and should not exceed 0x40000000.
(2) The offset is subtracted from the src 32 bpp imagepixInitAccumulate
PIX * pixInitAccumulate ( l_int32 w, l_int32 h, l_uint32 offset )
pixInitAccumulate()
Input: w, h (of accumulate array)
offset (initialize the 32 bpp to have this
value; not more than 0x40000000)
Return: pixd (32 bpp), or null on error
Notes:
(1) The offset must be >= 0.
(2) The offset is used so that we can do arithmetic
with negative number results on l_uint32 data; it
prevents the l_uint32 data from going negative.
(3) Because we use l_int32 intermediate data results,
these should never exceed the max of l_int32 (0x7fffffff).
We do not permit the offset to be above 0x40000000,
which is half way between 0 and the max of l_int32.
(4) The same offset should be used for initialization,
multiplication by a constant, and final extraction!
(5) If you're only adding positive values, offset can be 0.pixMaxDynamicRange
PIX * pixMaxDynamicRange ( PIX *pixs, l_int32 type )
pixMaxDynamicRange()
Input: pixs (4, 8, 16 or 32 bpp source)
type (L_LINEAR_SCALE or L_LOG_SCALE)
Return: pixd (8 bpp), or null on error
Notes:
(1) Scales pixel values to fit maximally within the dest 8 bpp pixd
(2) Uses a LUT for log scalingpixMinOrMax
PIX * pixMinOrMax ( PIX *pixd, PIX *pixs1, PIX *pixs2, l_int32 type )
pixMinOrMax()
Input: pixd (<optional> destination: this can be null,
equal to pixs1, or different from pixs1)
pixs1 (can be == to pixd)
pixs2
type (L_CHOOSE_MIN, L_CHOOSE_MAX)
Return: pixd always
Notes:
(1) This gives the min or max of two images, component-wise.
(2) The depth can be 8 or 16 bpp for 1 component, and 32 bpp
for a 3 component image. For 32 bpp, ignore the LSB
of each word (the alpha channel)
(3) There are 3 cases:
- if pixd == null, Min(src1, src2) --> new pixd
- if pixd == pixs1, Min(src1, src2) --> src1 (in-place)
- if pixd != pixs1, Min(src1, src2) --> input pixdpixMultConstAccumulate
l_int32 pixMultConstAccumulate ( PIX *pixs, l_float32 factor, l_uint32 offset )
pixMultConstAccumulate()
Input: pixs (32 bpp)
factor
offset (same as used for initialization)
Return: 0 if OK; 1 on error
Notes:
(1) The offset must be >= 0 and should not exceed 0x40000000.
(2) This multiplies each pixel, relative to offset, by the input factor
(3) The result is returned with the offset back in place.pixMultConstantGray
l_int32 pixMultConstantGray ( PIX *pixs, l_float32 val )
pixMultConstantGray()
Input: pixs (8, 16 or 32 bpp)
val (>= 0.0; amount to multiply by each pixel)
Return: 0 if OK, 1 on error
Notes:
(1) In-place operation; val must be >= 0.
(2) No clipping for 32 bpp.
(3) For 8 and 16 bpp, the result is clipped to 0xff and 0xffff, rsp.pixSubtractGray
PIX * pixSubtractGray ( PIX *pixd, PIX *pixs1, PIX *pixs2 )
pixSubtractGray()
Input: pixd (<optional>; this can be null, equal to pixs1, or
different from pixs1)
pixs1 (can be == to pixd)
pixs2
Return: pixd always
Notes:
(1) Arithmetic subtraction of two 8, 16 or 32 bpp images.
(2) Source pixs2 is always subtracted from source pixs1.
(3) Do explicit clipping to 0.
(4) Alignment is to UL corner.
(5) There are 3 cases. The result can go to a new dest,
in-place to pixs1, or to an existing input dest:
(a) pixd == null (src1 - src2) --> new pixd
(b) pixd == pixs1 (src1 - src2) --> src1 (in-place)
(d) pixd != pixs1 (src1 - src2) --> input pixd
(6) pixs2 must be different from both pixd and pixs1.pixThresholdToValue
PIX * pixThresholdToValue ( PIX *pixd, PIX *pixs, l_int32 threshval, l_int32 setval )
pixThresholdToValue()
Input: pixd (<optional>; if not null, must be equal to pixs)
pixs (8, 16, 32 bpp)
threshval
setval
Return: pixd always
Notes:
- operation can be in-place (pixs == pixd) or to a new pixd
- if setval > threshval, sets pixels with a value >= threshval to setval
- if setval < threshval, sets pixels with a value <= threshval to setval
- if setval == threshval, no-opAUTHOR
Zakariyya Mughal <zmughal@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 2014 by Zakariyya Mughal.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.